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Saudi Medical Journal Aug 2021To determine how well ultrasound-guidance percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) performed for benign symptomatic thyroid nodules in...
OBJECTIVES
To determine how well ultrasound-guidance percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) performed for benign symptomatic thyroid nodules in terms of clinical and functional outcomes.
METHODS
Patients who had a thyroid nodule-linked symptoms acting as dysphagia, cosmetic issues, pain, a foreign body sense, hyperthyroidism secondary to autonomous nodules, or concern of malignancy were involved in the study. The primary was the comparison in symptom scores obtained at 1, 3, and 6 months after RFA and MWA. The volume alterations in nodules and alterations in thyroid gland functions were secondary objectives.
RESULTS
This prospective study carried out from November 2014 and January 2017 at the General Surgery Department, Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey included a total of 100 nodules (50% MWA, 50% RFA). There were statistically significance in pain scores, dysphagia scores, and foreign body sensation scores at 1, 3, and 6 months after therapy in both ablation groups (=0.0006, =00004, =0.0005). At the same time, there were statistically significant reductions in size and volume of the nodules for RFA and MWA (=0.0004, =0.0003). There was no significant difference between the RFA and MWA groups' cosmetic scoring and volume changes (=0.68, =0.43).
CONCLUSIONS
Alternative therapies for benign symptomatic thyroid nodules include RFA and MWA. The findings of this research revealed that both approaches are safe and effective.
Topics: Catheter Ablation; Humans; Microwaves; Prospective Studies; Radiofrequency Ablation; Thyroid Nodule; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34344807
DOI: 10.15537/smj.2021.42.8.20210307 -
American Journal of Clinical Dermatology Apr 2020Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by inflammatory nodules, abscesses, and sinus tracts in intertriginous areas that has a... (Review)
Review
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by inflammatory nodules, abscesses, and sinus tracts in intertriginous areas that has a significant impact on patient quality of life. Treatments range from topical, intralesional, systemic, and surgical. Furthermore, laser and light-based treatment options have become increasingly popular because of the limitations of adverse effects associated with systemic therapy and decreased down-time associated with laser and light therapy. These modalities are thought to work through a variety of mechanisms including decreasing inflammation, destroying hair follicles, targeting sebaceous glands, killing bacteria, and debulking lesions through ablation. This review explores these laser and light-based treatment modalities for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.
Topics: Hidradenitis Suppurativa; Humans; Intense Pulsed Light Therapy; Laser Therapy; Microwaves; Photochemotherapy; Radiofrequency Therapy
PubMed: 31845121
DOI: 10.1007/s40257-019-00491-1 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment May 2022Axillary hyperhidrosis and bromhidrosis have serious social, emotional, and professional consequences. There are several treatments of axillary hyperhidrosis. We present...
INTRODUCTION
Axillary hyperhidrosis and bromhidrosis have serious social, emotional, and professional consequences. There are several treatments of axillary hyperhidrosis. We present a case series evaluating the efficacy and safety of microwave device for axillary hyperhidrosis and bromhidrosis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Seven patients were included in our case series. Four patients had both hyperhidrosis and bromhidrosis. Three patients had only hyperhidrosis. To evaluate the degree of hyperhidrosis and degree bromhidrosis a self-reported Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS) score and 4-point malodor grade were assessed. All patients underwent 1 or 2 microwave treatments. Patients underwent a survey on treatment outcomes and adverse effect conducted through telephone 12 months after their last procedure.
RESULTS
Six of seven patients had a 2-point drop in HDSS score. The four patients with bromhidrosis had a 2-point drop on the self-reported malodor measurement 12 months post treatment. Minor adverse effects related to the therapy occurred.
CONCLUSION
This novel microwave-based treatment was effective for the treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis and bromhidrosis. Patient satisfaction with the procedure is high, and adverse events are typically transient and well tolerated.
Topics: Axilla; Body Odor; Humans; Hyperhidrosis; Microwaves; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33622150
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1856317 -
International Urology and Nephrology Sep 2023Thermal ablation, including microwave ablation (MWA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA), has been recommended for the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Thermal ablation, including microwave ablation (MWA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA), has been recommended for the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and refractory secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MWA and RFA in patients with PHPT and refractory SHPT.
METHODS
Databases including PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), and Wanfang were searched from inception to December 5, 2022. Eligible studies comparing MWA and RFA for PHPT and refractory SHPT were included. Data were analyzed using Review Manager software, version 5.3.
RESULTS
Five studies were included in the meta-analysis. Two were retrospective cohort studies, and three were RCTs. Overall, 294 patients were included in the MWA group, and 194 patients were included in the RFA group. Compared with RFA for refractory SHPT, MWA had a shorter operation time for a single lesion (P < 0.01) and a higher complete ablation rate for a single lesion ≥ 15 mm (P < 0.01) but did not show a difference in the complete ablation rate for a single lesion < 15 mm (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences between MWA and RFA for refractory SHPT concerning parathyroid hormone (P > 0.05), calcium (P > 0.05), and phosphorus levels (P > 0.05) within 12 months after ablation, except that calcium (P < 0.01) and phosphorus levels (P = 0.02) in the RFA group were lower than those in the MWA group at one month after ablation. There was no significant difference between MWA and RFA concerning the cure rate of PHPT (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences between MWA and RFA for PHPT and refractory SHPT concerning the complications of hoarseness (P > 0.05) and hypocalcaemia (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
MWA had a shorter operation time for single lesions and a higher complete ablation rate for large lesions in patients with refractory SHPT. However, there was no significant difference in efficacy and safety between MWA and RFA in cases of both PHPT and refractory SHPT. Both MWA and RFA are effective treatment methods for PHPT and refractory SHPT.
Topics: Humans; Calcium; Ablation Techniques; Retrospective Studies; Microwaves; Radiofrequency Ablation; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary; Treatment Outcome; Phosphorus; Catheter Ablation
PubMed: 36892812
DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03543-y -
Cellular & Molecular Immunology Sep 2021Surgery is essential for controlling the symptoms and complications of stage IV breast cancer. However, locoregional treatment of primary tumors often results in distant...
Surgery is essential for controlling the symptoms and complications of stage IV breast cancer. However, locoregional treatment of primary tumors often results in distant progression, including lung metastasis, the most common type of visceral metastasis. As a minimally invasive thermal therapy, microwave ablation (MWA) has been attempted in the treatment of breast cancer, but the innate immune response after MWA has not yet been reported. Using two murine models of stage IV breast cancer, we found that MWA of primary breast cancer inhibited the progression of lung metastasis and improved survival. NK cells were activated after MWA of the primary tumor and exhibited enhanced cytotoxic functions, and the cytotoxic pathways of NK cells were activated. Depletion experiments showed that NK cells but not CD4+ or CD8+ T cells played a pivotal role in prolonging survival. Then, we found that compared with surgery or control treatment, MWA of the primary tumor induced completely different NK-cell-related cytokine profiles. Macrophages were activated after MWA of the primary tumor and produced IL-15 that activated NK cells to inhibit the progression of metastasis. In addition, MWA of human breast cancer stimulated an autologous NK-cell response. These results demonstrate that MWA of the primary tumor in metastatic breast cancer inhibits metastatic progression via the macrophage/IL-15/NK-cell axis. MWA of the primary tumor may be a promising treatment strategy for de novo stage IV breast cancer, although further substantiation is essential for clinical testing.
Topics: Animals; Breast Neoplasms; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Female; Humans; Killer Cells, Natural; Mice; Microwaves; Radiofrequency Ablation; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32385362
DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-0449-0 -
Small Methods May 2023Immunotherapy is an attractive approach for cancer therapy, while its antitumor efficacy is still limited, especially for non-immunogenic tumors. Nanomedicines can be... (Review)
Review
Immunotherapy is an attractive approach for cancer therapy, while its antitumor efficacy is still limited, especially for non-immunogenic tumors. Nanomedicines can be utilized to convert the non-immunogenic "cold" tumors to immunogenic "hot" tumors via inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD), thereby promoting the antitumor immune response. Some nanomedicines that can produce local heat and reactive oxygen species upon the stimulation of electromagnetic energy are the main candidates for inducing the ICD effect. However, their applications are often restricted due to the poor tissue penetration depths of electromagnetic energy, such as light. By contrast, ultrasound, X-ray, alternating magnetic field, and microwave show excellent tissue penetration depths and thereby can be used for sonodynamic therapy, radiotherapy, magnetic hyperthermia therapy, and microwave ablation therapy, all of which can effectively induce ICD. Herein, the combination of deep-tissue electromagnetic energy with nanomedicines for inducing ICD and cancer immunotherapy are summarized. In particular, the designs of nanomedicines to amplify ICD effect in the presence of deep-tissue electromagnetic energy and sensitize tumors to various immunotherapies will be discussed. At the end of this review, a brief conclusion and discussion of current challenges and further perspectives in this subfield are provided.
Topics: Immunogenic Cell Death; Nanomedicine; Immunotherapy; Microwaves; Hyperthermia, Induced; Neoplasms
PubMed: 36316270
DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201083 -
International Journal of Hyperthermia :... 2020The goal of this study was to compare intra-procedural radiofrequency (RF) and microwave ablation appearance on non-contrast CT (NCCT) and ultrasound to the zone of...
The goal of this study was to compare intra-procedural radiofrequency (RF) and microwave ablation appearance on non-contrast CT (NCCT) and ultrasound to the zone of pathologic necrosis. Twenty-one 5-min ablations were performed in swine liver with (1) microwave at 140 W, (2) microwave at 70 W, or (3) RF at 200 W ( = 7 each). CT and US images were obtained simultaneously at 1, 3, and 5 min during ablation and 2, 5, and 10 min post-ablation. Each ablation was sectioned in the plane of the ultrasound image and underwent vital staining to delineate cellular necrosis. CT was reformatted to the same plane as the ultrasound transducer and transverse diameters of gas and hypoechoic/hypoattenuating zones at each time point were measured. CT, ultrasound and gross pathologic diameter measurements were compared using Student's -tests and linear regression. Visible gas and the hypoechoic zone on US images were more predictive of the pathologic ablation zone than on NCCT images ( < 0.05). The zone of necrosis was larger than the zone of visible gas on US (mean 3.2 mm for microwave, 6.4 mm for RF) and NCCT (7.6 mm microwave, 13.9 mm RF) images ( < 0.05). The zone of visible gas and hypoechoic zone on US are more predictive of pathology with microwave ablations when compared with RF ablations ( < 0.05). When evaluating images during energy delivery, US is more accurate than CT and microwave- more predictable than RF-ablation based on correlation with in-plane pathology.
Topics: Animals; Catheter Ablation; Liver; Microwaves; Radiofrequency Ablation; Swine; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 32620055
DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2020.1784471 -
Physics in Medicine and Biology Feb 2021Time-reversal (TR) is a known wideband array beam-forming technique that has been suggested as a treatment planning alternative in deep microwave hyperthermia for cancer...
Time-reversal (TR) is a known wideband array beam-forming technique that has been suggested as a treatment planning alternative in deep microwave hyperthermia for cancer treatment. While the aim in classic TR is to focus the energy at a specific point within the target, no assumptions are made on secondary lobes that might arise in the healthy tissues. These secondary lobes, together with tissue heterogeneity, may result in hot-spots (HSs), which are known to limit the efficiency of the thermal dose delivery to the tumor. This paper proposes a novel wideband TR focusing method that iteratively shifts the focus away from HSs and towards cold-spots from an initial TR solution, a procedure that improves tumor coverage and reduces HSs. We verify this method on two different applicator topologies and several target volume configurations. The algorithm is deterministic and runs within seconds, enabling its use for real-time applications. At the same time, it yields results comparable to those obtained with global stochastic optimizers such as Particle Swarm.
Topics: Algorithms; Humans; Hyperthermia, Induced; Microwaves; Neoplasms; Time Factors
PubMed: 33326945
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abd41a -
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences Aug 2022The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between primary tumor type and the effectiveness of microwave ablation (MWA) therapy by comparing the technical and...
BACKGROUND
The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between primary tumor type and the effectiveness of microwave ablation (MWA) therapy by comparing the technical and clinical outcomes of MWA in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases (CLM) and noncolorectal liver metastases (NCLM).
METHODS
Between January 2019 and March 2021, 47 consecutive patients (25 male, 22 female) with a total of 63 unresectable hepatic metastases underwent MWA under ultrasound guidance. The patients were divided into CLM (n = 29) and NCLM (n = 18) groups. Patient demographics, procedural details, and complications were noted. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were also analyzed.
RESULTS
Technical success was 100% in both groups. No major complication was observed. Three minor complications [fatigue (n = 2) and subcutaneous hematoma (n = 1)] were encountered. DFS rates were 88.9%, 71.9%, 64.9%, and 44.0% at 3, 6, 12, and 24-months, respectively, with a mean DFS of 17.4 months (95% CI: 15.1, 19.7). Also, OS rates were 93.7%, 90.0%, 76.8%, and 64.3%, at 3, 6, 12, and 24-months, respectively, with a mean OS of 18.5 months (95% CI: 16.2, 20.7). There was no significant difference in recurrence between the CLM and NCLM groups (p = 0.452). The recurrence rate in liver metastases > 3 cm in size was significantly higher than in metastases ≤ 3 cm in size (p < 0.001).
DISCUSSION
MWA therapy is as effective in the NCLM group as in the CLM group, regardless of histologic type. Metastasis size (>3 cm) was correlated with the recurrence rate in the CLM and NCLM groups.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Microwaves; Catheter Ablation; Colorectal Neoplasms; Liver Neoplasms; Radiofrequency Ablation; Treatment Outcome; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 36326409
DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5440 -
American Journal of Otolaryngology 2022The aim of this article was to determine the efficacy and safety of the combined use of ethanol and microwave (MWA) to thyroid cysts and explore the differences of...
PURPOSE
The aim of this article was to determine the efficacy and safety of the combined use of ethanol and microwave (MWA) to thyroid cysts and explore the differences of various cysts.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 136 patients and 142 thyroid cystic nodules and predominantly cystic nodules received combination therapy of ethanol and MWA between January 2016 and December 2019 in BeiJing Friendship Hospital. They were divided into different groups according to the size, and the characteristics of fluid aspirated. We compared the Initial size, treatment procedure, postoperative complications, and follow-up results to analyze the characteristics of different groups.
RESULTS
The combination treatments reduced the size of cysts by more than 93% with less complications at the end of follow-up. The treatment duration was longest in the colloid cysts (difference from the clear-fluid group, p < 0.01), the absolute volume of the clear-fluid group at the end of follow-up was the smallest (difference from the other two groups: P < 0.01).There were the similar mean volume reduction rate (VRR) between the large cysts and the small cysts (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The combination treatments were applicable to all types of cysts. Understanding the characteristics of different cystic nodules and adopting different methods are helpful for us to carry out the minimally invasive treatment of cysts better.
Topics: Adult; Combined Modality Therapy; Cysts; Ethanol; Female; Humans; Male; Microwaves; Middle Aged; Radiotherapy, Image-Guided; Thyroid Diseases; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 34487996
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.103192