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PloS One 2022Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly being integrated into oncological treatment to mitigate psychological distress and promote emotional and physical... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly being integrated into oncological treatment to mitigate psychological distress and promote emotional and physical well-being. This review aims to provide the most recent evaluation of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), and Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery (MBCR) treatments, in reducing symptoms of depression, anxiety and CRF in oncology populations.
METHODS
A search using the following search terms was conducted: (mindful* OR mindfulness* OR mindfulness-based* OR MBI* OR MBCT OR MBSR OR MBCR) AND (Oncol* OR cancer OR neoplasm OR lymphoma OR carcinoma OR sarcoma) to obtain relevant publications from five databases: PsycINFO, PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE by EC, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global from January 2000 to February 2022. 36 independent studies (n = 1677) were evaluated for their overall effect sizes (using random-effects models), subgroup analyses, and quality appraisals. Evaluations were performed separately for non-randomized (K = 20, n = 784) and randomized controlled trials (K = 16, n = 893).
RESULTS
The results showed that MBIs have significant medium effects in reducing symptoms of depression (Hedges' g = 0.43), anxiety (Hedges' g = 0.55) and CRF (Hedges' g = 0.43), which were maintained at least three months post-intervention. MBIs were also superior in reducing symptoms of anxiety (Hedges' g = 0.56), depression (Hedges' g = 0.43), and CRF (Hedges' g = 0.42) in oncology samples relative to control groups. The superiority of MBIs to control groups was also maintained at least three months post-intervention for anxiety and CRF symptoms, but not for depressive symptoms. The risk of bias of the included studies were low to moderate.
CONCLUSIONS
This review found that MBIs reduced symptoms of depression, anxiety and CRF in oncology populations.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews: CRD42020143286.
Topics: Anxiety; Depression; Fatigue; Humans; Mindfulness; Neoplasms
PubMed: 35834503
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269519 -
Journal of Child Psychology and... Feb 2022Family mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) for child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) targets child self-control, parenting and parental mental health,... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Family mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) for child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) targets child self-control, parenting and parental mental health, but its effectiveness is still unclear.
METHODS
MindChamp is a pre-registered randomised controlled trial comparing an 8-week family MBI (called 'MYmind') in addition to care-as-usual (CAU) (n = 55) with CAU-only (n = 48). Children aged 8-16 years with remaining ADHD symptoms after CAU were enrolled together with a parent. Primary outcome was post-treatment parent-rated child self-control deficits (BRIEF); post hoc, Reliable Change Indexes were explored. Secondary child outcomes included ADHD symptoms (parent/teacher-rated Conners' and SWAN; teacher-rated BRIEF), other psychological symptoms (parent/teacher-rated), well-being (parent-rated) and mindfulness (self-rated). Secondary parent outcomes included self-ratings of ADHD symptoms, other psychological symptoms, well-being, self-compassion and mindful parenting. Assessments were conducted at post-treatment, 2- and 6-month follow-up.
RESULTS
Relative to CAU-only, MBI+CAU resulted in a small, statistically non-significant post-treatment improvement on the BRIEF (intention-to-treat: d = 0.27, p = .18; per protocol: d = 0.33, p = .11). Significantly more children showed reliable post-treatment improvement following MBI+CAU versus CAU-only (32% versus 11%, p < .05, Number-Needed-to-Treat = 4.7). ADHD symptoms significantly reduced post-treatment according to parent (Conners' and SWAN) and teacher ratings (BRIEF) per protocol. Only parent-rated hyperactivity impulsivity (SWAN) remained significantly reduced at 6-month follow-up. Post-treatment group differences on other secondary child outcomes were consistently favour of MBI+CAU, but mostly non-significant; no significant differences were found at follow-ups. Regarding parent outcomes, significant post-treatment improvements were found for their own ADHD symptoms, well-being and mindful parenting. At follow-ups, some significant effects remained (ADHD symptoms, mindful parenting), some additional significant effects appeared (other psychological symptoms, self-compassion) and others disappeared/remained non-significant.
CONCLUSIONS
Family MBI+CAU did not outperform CAU-only in reducing child self-control deficits on a group level but more children reliably improved. Effects on parents were larger and more durable. When CAU for ADHD is insufficient, family MBI could be a valuable addition.
Topics: Adolescent; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Humans; Mindfulness; Parenting; Parents; Self-Control
PubMed: 34030214
DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13430 -
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies Jul 2023The present editorial synopsises the benefits and challenges in meditative and non-meditative mindfulness practices and explores shorter and more creative approaches in...
The present editorial synopsises the benefits and challenges in meditative and non-meditative mindfulness practices and explores shorter and more creative approaches in mind-body interventions, emphasizing inclusivity and evidence-based practices. This collection, launched in BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, aims to bring together research on a variety of mindful practices, to discuss their role in supporting wellbeing.
Topics: Mindfulness; Meditation; Complementary Therapies; Evidence-Based Practice
PubMed: 37454103
DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04069-7 -
Journal of Pediatric Health Care :... 2022Mindfulness, defined as focusing on the present moment without judgment, has shown clinical efficacy in pediatric research. Mindfulness-based interventions reduce...
Mindfulness, defined as focusing on the present moment without judgment, has shown clinical efficacy in pediatric research. Mindfulness-based interventions reduce anxiety, depression, and burnout in pediatric nurses and health care providers, and improve asthmatic symptoms, eating disorders, and stress in pediatric patients. We provide an overview of mindfulness-based interventions in pediatric research, a summary of the techniques and exercises that comprise mindfulness, and a list of mindfulness measures that can be used for evaluating mindful practices in research. We aimed to provide an educational overview of how mindfulness can be incorporated into research methods, including interventions in pediatric health care.
Topics: Anxiety; Burnout, Professional; Child; Health Personnel; Humans; Mindfulness; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35168819
DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2022.01.004 -
Current Opinion in Psychology Aug 2019Meta-awareness appears to be essential to nearly all forms of mindfulness practice, and it plays a key role in processes that are central to therapeutic effects of... (Review)
Review
Meta-awareness appears to be essential to nearly all forms of mindfulness practice, and it plays a key role in processes that are central to therapeutic effects of mindfulness training, including decentering - shifting one's experiential perspective onto an experience itself - and dereification or metacognitive insight - experiencing thoughts as mental events, and not as the things that they seem to represent. Important advances in the conceptualization of meta-awareness in mindfulness have recently been made, yet more clarity is required in order to characterize the type of meta-awareness implicated in the ongoing monitoring of attention and affect, even while attention itself is focused on an explicit object of awareness such as the breath. To enhance research on this form of meta-awareness cultivated in at least some styles of mindfulness, a construct of sustained, non-propositional meta-awareness is proposed.
Topics: Attention; Awareness; Humans; Metacognition; Mindfulness
PubMed: 31374535
DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.07.003 -
Healthcare (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Mar 2020
Topics: Humans; Mentors; Mindfulness
PubMed: 31753751
DOI: 10.1016/j.hjdsi.2019.100390 -
The International Journal of Clinical... 2020A distinctive feature common to many contemplative practices is a focus of attention and procedure of induction toward achieving an altered state of consciousness. In...
A distinctive feature common to many contemplative practices is a focus of attention and procedure of induction toward achieving an altered state of consciousness. In recent years, practices like mindfulness have become increasingly popular, and there has been increased interest in the relationship between hypnosis and mindfulness-based practices as well as other contemplative practices including meditation, music, and spirituality. However, questions remain such as: This special issue includes eight articles that provide insights and empirical research into contemplative practices and hypnosis. Emerging perspectives and future directions for research and practice are presented.
Topics: Forecasting; Humans; Hypnosis; Mind-Body Therapies; Mindfulness
PubMed: 32223615
DOI: 10.1080/00207144.2020.1727209 -
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy Jul 2022Bipolar disorder is a highly disruptive and debilitating problem. Mindfulness-based and mindfulness-informed interventions have exponentially emerged as third-generation... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Bipolar disorder is a highly disruptive and debilitating problem. Mindfulness-based and mindfulness-informed interventions have exponentially emerged as third-generation therapies, applied to a wide spectrum of disorders, including bipolar disorder. However, the reviews and meta-analyses published to date are limited in their conclusions, as they are based on single-group pretest-posttest cohort designs and mostly focused on mindfulness-based interventions. The present review and meta-analysis try to address these limitations, including studies on informed mindfulness, controlled and single-group designs. It used a specific meta-analytical procedure that allows an imputation procedure in those designs lacking a comparison group, by means of separate omnibus tests for the experimental and control group. A total of 13 studies (N = 331) were selected. The results showed an absence of effects on depression (g = 0.21) and mania (g = -0.13), but significant moderate effect on anxiety (g = 0.53). In conclusion, both mindfulness interventions showed robust evidence on anxiety symptoms in pretest-posttest periods compared to control groups. Few studies and lack of evidence of follow-up periods were the main limitations found.
Topics: Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Bipolar Disorder; Humans; Mindfulness; Research Design
PubMed: 35102640
DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2717 -
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy May 2022Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been growing progressively as treatment options in the field of mental health. Aim: To assess the impact of mindfulness-based... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been growing progressively as treatment options in the field of mental health. Aim: To assess the impact of mindfulness-based interventions for reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
METHODS
A systematic review was performed in December 2020 using PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, SciELO, Pepsic, and LILACS databases with no year restrictions. The search strategy included the terms ('mindfulness' OR 'mindfulness-based') AND ('suicide' OR 'suicidal' OR 'suicide risk' OR 'suicide attempt' OR 'suicide ideation' OR 'suicide behavior'). The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), CRD42020219514.
RESULTS
A total of 14 studies met all inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Most of the studies presented Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy as the MBI assessed (n=10). An emerging and rapidly growing literature on MBI presents promising results in reduction of suicide risk, particularly in patients with MDD. Four studies assessing other MBI treatment protocols (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction; Daily Mindfulness Meditation Practice; Mind Body Awareness and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy) all demonstrated that MBI reduces factors associated with suicide risk.
CONCLUSION
MBI might target specific processes and contribute to suicide risk reduction.
Topics: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Humans; Mindfulness; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 34551465
DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0316 -
Current Opinion in Psychology Aug 2019This opinion paper examines the fundamental question of contemporary mindfulness' connection with ethics and compassion, while adding the voice of the Indo-Tibetan... (Review)
Review
This opinion paper examines the fundamental question of contemporary mindfulness' connection with ethics and compassion, while adding the voice of the Indo-Tibetan Buddhist perspectives on the current debate on mindfulness and its relation to the Buddhist concept of sati and satipaṭṭhāna meditation. Drawing attention to the threefold training of morality, concentration, and wisdom constituting an important context in Buddhism, the paper argues that in today's secular context, mindfulness practice seemed to have become divorced from its larger ethical framework and soteriological context of a method for attaining liberation, and turned into a technique for quieting the mind and enhancing focus and awareness. Recognizing contemporary mindfulness' difference from Buddhist sati and satipaṭṭhāna meditation, the paper proposes that the question of how mindfulness practice is or should be connected to ethics be considered independently on the basis of recognizing their essential independence.
Topics: Attention; Awareness; Buddhism; Empathy; Humans; Meditation; Mindfulness
PubMed: 30503896
DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.10.016