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Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Mar 2021This article is a review of approaches to treatment of low and high-grade prostate cancer including a discussion of active treatment vs. active surveillance for patients... (Review)
Review
This article is a review of approaches to treatment of low and high-grade prostate cancer including a discussion of active treatment vs. active surveillance for patients with low-grade prostate cancer. In particular, we will review PDT as an option for active treatment of low-grade prostate cancer considered in light of recent clinical trials. The mechanism and clinical methods of PDT application and the key points from clinical trials using PDT for prostate cancer with the photosensitizers m-tetrahydroxyphenyl chloride, protoporphyrin IX, motexafin lutetium, padoporfin, and padeliporfin between the years 2002 and 2017 are reviewed. Recently developed methodologies for photodynamic prostate cancer treatment that are in the experimental stage, photodynamic diagnosis, fluorescence guided resection, and PSMA-targeted PDT will also be discussed.
Topics: Humans; Male; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 33352313
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102158 -
Lutetium texaphyrin: A photocatalyst that triggers pyroptosis via biomolecular photoredox catalysis.Proceedings of the National Academy of... Feb 2024Photon-controlled pyroptosis activation (PhotoPyro) is a promising technique for cancer immunotherapy due to its noninvasive nature, precise control, and ease of...
Photon-controlled pyroptosis activation (PhotoPyro) is a promising technique for cancer immunotherapy due to its noninvasive nature, precise control, and ease of operation. Here, we report that biomolecular photoredox catalysis in cells might be an important mechanism underlying PhotoPyro. Our findings reveal that the photocatalyst lutetium texaphyrin () facilitates rapid and direct photoredox oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and various amino acids, thereby triggering pyroptosis through the caspase 3/GSDME pathway. This mechanism is distinct from the well-established role of as a photodynamic therapy sensitizer in cells. Two analogs of , bearing different coordinated central metal cations, were also explored as controls. The first control, gadolinium texaphyrin (), is a weak photocatalyst but generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) efficiently. The second control, manganese texaphyrin (), is ineffective as both a photocatalyst and a ROS generator. Neither nor was found to trigger pyroptosis under the conditions where was active. Even in the presence of a ROS scavenger, treating MDA-MB-231 cells with at concentrations as low as 50 nM still allows for pyroptosis photo-activation. The present findings highlight how biomolecular photoredox catalysis could contribute to pyroptosis activation by mechanisms largely independent of ROS.
Topics: Pyroptosis; Reactive Oxygen Species; Metalloporphyrins
PubMed: 38381784
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314620121