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Clinical Radiology Sep 2021Scleroderma is a complex multisystem connective tissue disorder. Early visceral disease, such as gastrointestinal (GI) involvement, is associated with significant... (Review)
Review
Scleroderma is a complex multisystem connective tissue disorder. Early visceral disease, such as gastrointestinal (GI) involvement, is associated with significant morbidity and a poorer prognosis. Prompt diagnosis is crucial to allow disease modifying therapies be initiated early in the course of the disease. The primary underlying pathophysiology in the GI tract is dysmotility, muscular atrophy, and fibrosis, and this is reflected in the imaging features. In this paper, we demonstrate the imaging appearances of involvement of the GI tract and describe the use of advanced imaging with magnetic resonance enterography (MRE). A multimodal imaging approach is required to identify both characteristic features of scleroderma and potential complications. Traditional fluoroscopic contrast (barium) studies are still commonly performed for assessment of the oesophagus. More recent advances in cross-sectional imaging allow for thorough three-dimensional assessment of the entire GI tract. MRE is particularly useful for small bowel evaluation while also allowing "pseudodynamic" functional imaging and concomitant assessment of the other abdominal viscera and structures.
Topics: Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Tract; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Scleroderma, Systemic; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 34108098
DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.04.014 -
Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift Der... Oct 2020
Topics: Artificial Intelligence; Humans; Multimodal Imaging; Ophthalmology
PubMed: 33033918
DOI: 10.1007/s00347-020-01131-4 -
Retinal Cases & Brief Reports May 2022To illustrate with multimodal imaging a case of HELLP syndrome (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelets) complicated by bilateral multifocal serous retinal...
PURPOSE
To illustrate with multimodal imaging a case of HELLP syndrome (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelets) complicated by bilateral multifocal serous retinal detachments, subretinal exudation, and papilledema.
METHODS
Case report. Fundus photography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fluorescein angiography, and indocyanine green angiography were performed at presentation and the day after. We also present the SD-OCT follow-up at 8 days, 1 year, and 4 years.
RESULTS
A 25-year-old 5-month-pregnant Guinean woman complained about decreased visual acuity in the right eye. Eye fundus and multimodal imaging were abnormal in both eyes. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography showed the presence of multifocal serous retinal detachments, subretinal deposits, and intraretinal cysts. Indocyanin green angiography revealed an irregular choroidal perfusion and localized choroidal ischemia. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography also provided assessment of retinal changes during the long-term follow-up, showing tissue damage in the outer retina.
CONCLUSION
Serous retinal detachments during pregnancy can be the leading sign of HELLP syndrome-a potentially life-threatening condition. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography is a noninvasive and useful tool for its diagnosis and follow-up. ICG is important to confirm the choroidal ischemia and choroidal vascular abnormalities, underlying conditions leading to main sign of HELLP syndrome in the eye.
Topics: Central Serous Chorioretinopathy; Choroid Diseases; Female; Fluorescein Angiography; HELLP Syndrome; Humans; Multimodal Imaging; Pregnancy; Retinal Detachment; Retinal Diseases; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 32028449
DOI: 10.1097/ICB.0000000000000970 -
Molecular Imaging and Biology Dec 2019In biomedical research, imaging modalities help discover pathological mechanisms to develop and evaluate novel diagnostic and theranostic approaches. However, while...
PURPOSE
In biomedical research, imaging modalities help discover pathological mechanisms to develop and evaluate novel diagnostic and theranostic approaches. However, while standards for data storage in the clinical medical imaging field exist, data curation standards for biomedical research are yet to be established. This work aimed at developing a free secure file format for multimodal imaging studies, supporting common in vivo imaging modalities up to five dimensions as a step towards establishing data curation standards for biomedical research.
PROCEDURES
Images are compressed using lossless compression algorithm. Cryptographic hashes are computed on the compressed image slices. The hashes and compressions are computed in parallel, speeding up computations depending on the number of available cores. Then, the hashed images with digitally signed timestamps are cryptographically written to file. Fields in the structure, compressed slices, hashes, and timestamps are serialized for writing and reading from files. The C++ implementation is tested on multimodal data from six imaging sites, well-documented, and integrated into a preclinical image analysis software.
RESULTS
The format has been tested with several imaging modalities including fluorescence molecular tomography/x-ray computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, single-photon emission computed tomography/CT, and PET/magnetic resonance imaging. To assess performance, we measured the compression rate, ratio, and time spent in compression. Additionally, the time and rate of writing and reading on a network drive were measured. Our findings demonstrate that we achieve close to 50 % reduction in storage space for μCT data. The parallelization speeds up the hash computations by a factor of 4. We achieve a compression rate of 137 MB/s for file of size 354 MB.
CONCLUSIONS
The development of this file format is a step to abstract and curate common processes involved in preclinical and clinical multimodal imaging studies in a standardized way. This work also defines better interface between multimodal imaging modalities and analysis software.
Topics: Algorithms; Animals; Data Compression; Data Curation; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Multimodal Imaging
PubMed: 30868426
DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01339-0 -
Experimental Biology and Medicine... Apr 2021As a hybrid optical microscopic imaging technology, photoacoustic microscopy images the optical absorption contrasts and takes advantage of low acoustic scattering of... (Review)
Review
As a hybrid optical microscopic imaging technology, photoacoustic microscopy images the optical absorption contrasts and takes advantage of low acoustic scattering of biological tissues to achieve high-resolution anatomical and functional imaging. When combined with other imaging modalities, photoacoustic microscopy-based multimodal technologies can provide complementary contrast mechanisms to reveal complementary information of biological tissues. To achieve intrinsically and precisely registered images in a multimodal photoacoustic microscopy imaging system, either the ultrasonic transducer or the light source can be shared among the different imaging modalities. These technologies are the major focus of this minireview. It also covered the progress of the recently developed penta-modal photoacoustic microscopy imaging system featuring a novel dynamic focusing technique enabled by OCT contour scan.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Microscopy; Multimodal Imaging; Photoacoustic Techniques; Retina; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 33297735
DOI: 10.1177/1535370220977176 -
Multimodality imaging for prosthetic valves evaluation: Current understanding and future directions.Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases 2022The number of patients requiring heart valve surgery continues to increase with the growing life expectancy and expansion of both surgical and transcatheter valves. In... (Review)
Review
The number of patients requiring heart valve surgery continues to increase with the growing life expectancy and expansion of both surgical and transcatheter valves. In patients with prosthetic heart valves (PHV), transthoracic echocardiography is the mainstay for initial assessment and serial surveillance. However, multimodality imaging, including three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance, fluoroscopy, and nuclear imaging, is becoming more commonly used clinically to aid in diagnosis and to identify the mechanism of PHV dysfunction. This review aims to provide an updated overview of the use of multimodality imaging in evaluation of PHVs, to illustrate the imaging appearance of different complications, and to highlight a practical approach to help clinical decision making in challenging cases of PHV dysfunction.
Topics: Echocardiography; Echocardiography, Transesophageal; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Humans; Multimodal Imaging; Prosthesis Failure
PubMed: 35183554
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2022.02.002 -
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation 2022To describe the different phenotypes of syphilitic chorioretinitis (SCR) and its clinical features in multimodal imaging (MI).
PURPOSE
To describe the different phenotypes of syphilitic chorioretinitis (SCR) and its clinical features in multimodal imaging (MI).
METHODS
Complete ophthalmological examination and MI including spectral domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and fluorescein angiography (FA) were performed at diagnosis and during follow-up in patients diagnosed with SCR.
RESULTS
17 eyes of 10 patients were included. Clinical phenotypes included acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinopathy (ASPPC), syphilitic outer retinitis (SOR) and punctate inner retinitis (PIR). Disruption of outer retinal layers were visible in all patients in SD-OCT. Inner retinal layers were only affected in PIR. FAF revealed macular hyperautofluorescence in all patients. FA showed maintained hyperfluorescence in ASPPC and SOR.
CONCLUSIONS
ASPPC, SOR and PIR are different phenotypes of syphilitic chorioretinitis and present common features in SD-OCT and FAF. MI provides useful information to help the clinician during diagnosis and follow-up of these entities.
Topics: Humans; Retinitis; Multimodal Imaging
PubMed: 34032533
DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2021.1928712 -
Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Sep 2020Infective endocarditis (IE) remains a diagnostic challenge. Prompt diagnosis is essential for accurate risk stratification and appropriate therapeutic decisions and... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Infective endocarditis (IE) remains a diagnostic challenge. Prompt diagnosis is essential for accurate risk stratification and appropriate therapeutic decisions and surgical management. In recent years, the use of multimodal imaging has had a transformative effect on the diagnostic approach of IE in selected patients.
AREAS COVERED
This review assesses published literature on different imaging modalities for the diagnosis of IE published between 1 January 2009 and 1 February 2020. We illustrate the diagnostic approach to IE with three clinical cases.
EXPERT OPINION
Novel approaches to imaging for cardiac and extracardiac complications improve and individualize diagnosis, management, and prognosis in patients with suspected IE. The use of multimodal imaging should be guided by a multidisciplinary group of medical providers that includes infectious disease specialists, radiologists, cardiologists, and cardiothoracic surgeons.
Topics: Diagnostic Imaging; Endocarditis; Humans; Multimodal Imaging; Prognosis
PubMed: 32442039
DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2020.1773260 -
Radiographics : a Review Publication of... Oct 2021With PET/MRI, the strengths of PET and MRI are combined to allow simultaneous image acquisition and near-perfect image coregistration. MRI is increasingly being used for...
With PET/MRI, the strengths of PET and MRI are combined to allow simultaneous image acquisition and near-perfect image coregistration. MRI is increasingly being used for staging and restaging of abdominopelvic oncologic lesions, including prostate, hepatobiliary, pancreatic, neuroendocrine, cervical, and rectal cancers. Fluorine 18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT has long been considered a cornerstone of oncologic imaging, and the development of multiple targeted radiotracers has led to increased research on and use of these agents in clinical practice. Thus, simultaneously performed PET/MRI enables the acquisition of complementary imaging information, with distinct advantages over PET/CT and MR image acquisitions. The authors provide an overview of PET/MRI, including descriptions of the major differences between PET/MRI and PET/CT, as well as case examples and treatment protocols for patients with commonly encountered malignancies in the abdomen and pelvis. RSNA, 2021.
Topics: Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Multimodal Imaging; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Positron-Emission Tomography; Rectal Neoplasms
PubMed: 34597228
DOI: 10.1148/rg.2021210035 -
Current Heart Failure Reports Jun 2022To summarise the role of different imaging techniques for diagnosis and investigation of heart failure in women. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To summarise the role of different imaging techniques for diagnosis and investigation of heart failure in women.
RECENT FINDINGS
Although sex differences in heart failure are well recognised, and the scope of imaging techniques is expanding, there are currently no specific guidelines for imaging of heart failure in women. Diagnosis and stratification of heart failure is generally performed first line using transthoracic echocardiography. Understanding the aetiology of heart failure is central to ongoing management, and with non-ischaemic causes more common in women, a multimodality approach is generally required using advanced imaging techniques including cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging techniques, and cardiac computed tomography. There are specific considerations for imaging in women including radiation risks and challenges during pregnancy, highlighting the clear unmet need for cardiology and imaging societies to provide imaging guidelines specifically for women with heart failure.
Topics: Cardiology; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Multimodal Imaging; Societies, Medical
PubMed: 35507121
DOI: 10.1007/s11897-022-00545-2