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The Physician and Sportsmedicine Nov 2020: Recent research demonstrates a connection between psychological factors and return to play following a musculoskeletal sports injury. Although it has been shown that... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
: Recent research demonstrates a connection between psychological factors and return to play following a musculoskeletal sports injury. Although it has been shown that psychological factors can influence when and if an athlete returns to play, it is unclear if the implementation of psychosocial interventions during the recovery process can address these factors and potentially increase the likelihood of return to play after physical recovery from injury. : To examine the efficacy of interventions designed to address psychosocial factors that influence return to play after sports injuries. : A systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Pubmed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were searched from the earliest entry through May 2018. Search terms included 'psychology,' 'sports injury,' 'anterior cruciate ligament injury,' 'anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction,' 'intervention,' 'return to play,' and 'return to sport.' Studies were included and reviewed if they reported on the efficacy of a psychosocial intervention program in injured athletes. : Initial searches of Pubmed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases identified 560 articles, 329 articles, and 34,400 hits, respectively. After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, eight articles remained that met inclusion criteria. Interventions of relaxation/guided imagery, positive self-talk, goal setting, counseling, emotional/written disclosure, and modeling videos were found to be effective interventions for promoting recovery after a musculoskeletal sports injury. These interventions facilitated positive mood changes, pain management, exercise compliance, and rehabilitation adherence. No study examined the effect of psychosocial interventions on return to play. : This systematic review demonstrates that psychosocial interventions can facilitate post-injury recovery in athletes by promoting a positive emotional state and rehabilitation adherence. Further research is necessary to determine the most effective psychosocial interventions for specific psychological factors, the ideal duration of interventions, the best method of implementation following a sports injury, and the impact of these interventions on return to play.
Topics: Affect; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Athletic Injuries; Humans; Pain Management; Patient Compliance; Psychosocial Intervention; Return to Sport
PubMed: 32186423
DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2020.1744486 -
Sports Health 2023The risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear for athletes participating in pivoting sports includes young age and female sex. A previous meta-analysis has... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
CONTEXT
The risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear for athletes participating in pivoting sports includes young age and female sex. A previous meta-analysis has reported a reinjury rate of 15% after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) for athletes across all sports. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of available literature reporting outcomes after ACLR in soccer players.
OBJECTIVE
To review and aggregate soccer-specific outcomes data after ACLR found in current literature to help guide a more tailored discussion regarding expectations and prognosis for soccer players seeking operative management of ACL injuries.
DATA SOURCES
A comprehensive search of publications was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and SPORTDiscus databases.
STUDY SELECTION
Inclusion criteria consisted of original studies, level of evidence 1 to 4, studies reporting clinical and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after primary ACLR in soccer players at all follow-up length.
STUDY DESIGN
The primary outcomes of interest were graft failure/reoperation rates, ACL injury in contralateral knee, return to soccer time, and PROs.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 4.
DATA EXTRACTION
Search of literature yielded 32 studies for inclusion that involved 3112 soccer players after ACLR.
RESULTS
The overall graft failure/reoperation rate ranged between 3.0% and 24.8% (mean follow-up range, 2.3-10 years) and the combined ACL graft failure and contralateral ACL injury rate after initial ACLR was 1.0% to 16.7% (mean follow-up range, 3-10 years); a subgroup analysis for female and male players revealed a secondary ACL injury incidence rate of 27%, 95% CI (22%, 32%) and 10%, 95% CI (6%, 15%), respectively. Soccer players were able to return to play between 6.1 and 11.1 months and the majority of PROs showed favorable scores at medium-term follow-up.
CONCLUSION
Soccer players experience high ACL injury rates after primary ACLR and demonstrated similar reinjury rates as found in previous literature of athletes who participate in high-demand pivoting sports.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Soccer; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Reinjuries; Knee Joint; Return to Sport
PubMed: 36988238
DOI: 10.1177/19417381231160167 -
Journal of Sport and Health Science Jan 2021The aim of this study was to review information about risk factors for lower extremity running injuries in both short-distance (mean running distance ≤20 km/week and...
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to review information about risk factors for lower extremity running injuries in both short-distance (mean running distance ≤20 km/week and ≤10 km/session) and long-distance runners (mean running distance >20 km/week and >10 km/session).
METHODS
Electronic databases were searched for articles published up to February 2019. Prospective cohort studies using multivariable analysis for the assessment of individual risk factors or risk models for the occurrence of lower extremity running injuries were included. Two reviewers independently selected studies for eligibility and assessed risk of bias with the Quality in Prognostic Studies Tool. The GRADE approach was used to assess the quality of the evidence.
RESULTS
A total of 29 studies were included: 17 studies focused on short-distance runners, 11 studies focused on long-distance runners, and 1 study focused on both types of runners. A previous running-related injury was the strongest risk factor for an injury for long-distance runners, with moderate-quality evidence. Previous injuries not attributed to running was the strongest risk factor for an injury for short-distance runners, with high-quality evidence. Higher body mass index, higher age, sex (male), having no previous running experience, and lower running volume were strong risk factors, with moderate quality evidence, for short-distance runners. Low-quality evidence was found for all risk models as predictors of running-related injuries among short- and long-distance runners.
CONCLUSION
Several risk factors for lower extremity injuries have been identified among short- and long-distance runners, but the quality of evidence for these risk factors for running-related injuries is limited. Running injuries seem to have a multifactorial origin both in short- and long-distance runners.
Topics: Age Factors; Bias; Biomechanical Phenomena; Body Mass Index; Cumulative Trauma Disorders; Female; Gait; Humans; Leg Injuries; Lower Extremity; Male; Multivariate Analysis; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Running; Sex Factors; Shoes; Time Factors
PubMed: 32535271
DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.06.006 -
BMJ Case Reports Dec 2019We report a 28-year-old man admitted postmotorcycle versus car in September 2017. The patient sustained multiple injuries in both the upper and lower limbs. He sustained...
We report a 28-year-old man admitted postmotorcycle versus car in September 2017. The patient sustained multiple injuries in both the upper and lower limbs. He sustained a complex brachial plexus injury on his left side and was transferred immediately to Stanmore Hospital to undergo specialist surgery (supraclavicular brachial plexus exploration and neurolysis) to repair his brachial plexus injury. The patient was transferred back to the specialist trauma ward for additional surgeries for his subsequent injuries. Due to the complexity of the injury and surgery the patient was not able to start rehabilitation until six weeks post operation, at which point he was referred to outpatient physiotherapy. Prior to this his left upper limb was in a sling but was instructed to move it as able. The patient commenced his comprehensive physiotherapy programme in January 2018.
Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Adult; Brachial Plexus; Brachial Plexus Neuropathies; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Humans; Male; Motorcycles; Multiple Trauma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31874847
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-232107 -
The Bone & Joint Journal Jul 2023There is a disparity in sport-related injuries between sexes, with females sustaining non-contact musculoskeletal injuries at a higher rate. Anterior cruciate ligament...
There is a disparity in sport-related injuries between sexes, with females sustaining non-contact musculoskeletal injuries at a higher rate. Anterior cruciate ligament ruptures are between two and eight times more common than in males, and females also have a higher incidence of ankle sprains, patellofemoral pain, and bone stress injuries. The sequelae of such injuries can be devastating to an athlete, resulting in time out of sport, surgery, and the early onset of osteoarthritis. It is important to identify the causes of this disparity and introduce prevention programmes to reduce the incidence of these injuries. A natural difference reflects the effect of reproductive hormones in females, which have receptors in certain musculoskeletal tissues. Relaxin increases ligamentous laxity. Oestrogen decreases the synthesis of collagen and progesterone does the opposite. Insufficient diet and intensive training can lead to menstrual irregularities, which are common in female athletes and result in injury, whereas oral contraception may have a protective effect against certain injuries. It is important for coaches, physiotherapists, nutritionists, doctors, and athletes to be aware of these issues and to implement preventive measures. This annotation explores the relationship between the menstrual cycle and orthopaedic sports injuries in pre-menopausal females, and proposes recommendations to mitigate the risk of sustaining these injuries.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Athletic Injuries; Orthopedics; Athletes; Menstrual Cycle; Ankle Injuries
PubMed: 37391203
DOI: 10.1302/0301-620X.105B7.BJJ-2022-1262.R2 -
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation... Feb 2021Rehabilitation of dance injury should be a team-based approach lead by a medical practitioner with experience in both musculoskeletal medicine and dance specific... (Review)
Review
Rehabilitation of dance injury should be a team-based approach lead by a medical practitioner with experience in both musculoskeletal medicine and dance specific demands. The rehabilitation protocol begins with a dance specific initial assessment, followed by injury management, progression of the rehabilitation program including dance specific movement, advancing to full independence.
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Dancing; Humans; Occupational Diseases; Physical Examination; Recovery of Function
PubMed: 33198889
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2020.08.003 -
Current Sports Medicine Reports Mar 2021Trunk pain is a common cause of performance limitation and time away from sport in athletes. However, atraumatic trunk injuries are underrepresented in medical... (Review)
Review
Trunk pain is a common cause of performance limitation and time away from sport in athletes. However, atraumatic trunk injuries are underrepresented in medical literature and underrecognized clinically. Delays in diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment can increase injury morbidity and return-to-play time. Currently, evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of trunk pain in athletes are limited. Thus, we provide an overview of atraumatic sport-related injuries to the thoracic spine (disc herniation, scoliosis, kyphosis), ribcage (bone stress injury, costochondritis, Tietze syndrome, slipping rib syndrome, costovertebral or costotransverse joint dysfunction), and chest and abdominal wall musculature (intercostal, serratus anterior, oblique strains, regional myofascial pain), highlighting sport-specific biomechanical considerations. We aim to increase awareness of these causes of trunk pain among sports medicine providers in an effort to guide diagnostic and treatment recommendations that will ultimately improve overall musculoskeletal health in athletes.
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Biomechanical Phenomena; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal; Pain; Ribs; Spinal Curvatures; Sprains and Strains; Thoracic Vertebrae; Torso
PubMed: 33655996
DOI: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000819 -
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Feb 2022Snowboarding and skiing remain the two most popular winter sports worldwide. Musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries are common in snowboarding, and the number has increased... (Review)
Review
Snowboarding and skiing remain the two most popular winter sports worldwide. Musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries are common in snowboarding, and the number has increased significantly since the advent of snow parks. The number of injuries is the highest for novice snowboarders; more experienced boarders generally sustain more severe injuries. Snowboarders can experience a wide array of MSK injuries, but some injury types are more frequently encountered because of the specific injury mechanism unique to snowboarding. This article reviews the most common snowboarding injuries with a focus on the current understanding of the injury mechanism and provides an approach to imaging.
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Humans; Skiing
PubMed: 35139559
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731702 -
Pediatric Clinics of North America Feb 2020The management of pediatric orthopedic trauma continues to evolve rapidly. Whereas the strong healing potential of pediatric patients often allows for the nonoperative... (Review)
Review
The management of pediatric orthopedic trauma continues to evolve rapidly. Whereas the strong healing potential of pediatric patients often allows for the nonoperative treatment of most conditions, many injuries require urgent operative treatment to ensure that patients may return to all activities without disability. Some injuries may require additional follow-up and interventions, as complications such as growth arrests or deformity may occur. This article summarizes the most common fractures and orthopedic injuries of the pediatric patient. The keys to diagnosis, acute management, nonoperative and operative treatments, and complications are discussed. The detection and management of nonaccidental trauma are also examined.
Topics: Child; Child Abuse; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Musculoskeletal System; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 31779827
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2019.09.010 -
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation... Nov 2020Performing artists are a unique subset of athletes. With the highly repetitive nature of performance training, emphasis on proper technique, ergonomics, and preventive... (Review)
Review
Performing artists are a unique subset of athletes. With the highly repetitive nature of performance training, emphasis on proper technique, ergonomics, and preventive cross-training is vital, as many injuries are due to overuse or poor technique. There are novel medical concerns in performers, including ENT problems, mental health concerns and substance use risks. While music is central to performances, it is also a treatment modality to address cognitive, sensory, and motor dysfunctions in certain neurological conditions. Due to this wide array of issues, it is imperative to understand the specific needs and risks of performers to provide optimal medical care.
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Cumulative Trauma Disorders; Dancing; Humans; Movement Disorders; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Music; Rehabilitation
PubMed: 32981582
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2020.08.001