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Journal of Sport and Health Science Mar 2021
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Automobile Driving; Brain Concussion; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Military Personnel; Musculoskeletal System; Parents; Post-Concussion Syndrome; Research; Soccer; Sports Medicine; Students
PubMed: 33453432
DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.01.005 -
The Journal of Sports Medicine and... Mar 2020Sport injury is an unfortunate event which can have a major impact on the injured athletes' psychology. Athletes may experience re-injury worry and low levels of...
BACKGROUND
Sport injury is an unfortunate event which can have a major impact on the injured athletes' psychology. Athletes may experience re-injury worry and low levels of attention and confidence getting back to competition following a sport injury. The aim of the study was to examine re-injury worry, confidence and attention of previously injured athletes, before they returned to competition.
METHODS
Cross-sectional research design. A total of 52 athletes volunteered for this study, aged 23.1±4.8 years old with a previous musculoskeletal injury during the last year. Participants completed the Causes of Re-Injury Worry Questionnaire, the Sport Confidence Questionnaire of Rehabilitated Athletes Returning to Competition and the Attention Questionnaire of Rehabilitated Athletes Returning to Competition, on their first competitive game after rehabilitation program.
RESULTS
The athletes experienced average levels of re-injury worry and distraction attention and high levels of confidence and functional attention. The duration of injury, the medical and physiotherapy treatment and the absence from sport were significantly correlated with the questionnaire factors "Re-injury worry due to opponent's ability", "Functional attention" and "Distraction attention".
CONCLUSIONS
Psychological characteristics of previously injured athletes may be influenced from the duration of: 1) medical treatment; 2) injury; 3) physiotherapy treatment; and 4) absence from sport, when they return to competition. More research needs to be conducted to confirm the present results.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anxiety; Athletic Injuries; Attention; Competitive Behavior; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Musculoskeletal System; Recurrence; Return to Sport; Self Concept; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult
PubMed: 31684702
DOI: 10.23736/S0022-4707.19.10124-7 -
Journal of Sport Rehabilitation Feb 2020Clinical Scenario: Physical activity is vital for human health. Musculoskeletal injury may inhibit adults from participating in physical activity, and this amount may be... (Review)
Review
Clinical Scenario: Physical activity is vital for human health. Musculoskeletal injury may inhibit adults from participating in physical activity, and this amount may be less than adults without a history of musculoskeletal injury. Clinical Question: Do individuals with a history of ankle or knee musculoskeletal injury participate in less objectively measured physical activity compared with healthy controls? Summary of Key Findings: Four studies were included. Two studies concluded patients who have undergone an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) spent less time in moderate to vigorous physical activity levels when compared with healthy controls, but still achieved the daily recommended amount of physical activity. One study determined that participants with CAI took fewer steps per day compared with the control group. The fourth study determined patients with patellofemoral pain were less physically active than healthy controls as they took fewer steps per day and spent less time participating in mild and high activity. Clinical Bottom Line: There is consistent, high quality evidence that demonstrates individuals with a history of ankle or knee musculoskeletal injury participate in less objectively measured physical activity compared with healthy individuals. Strength of Recommendation: Due to nature of study designs of the included articles in this critically appraised topic, we recommend a grade of 3B.
Topics: Ankle Injuries; Biomedical Research; Evidence-Based Medicine; Exercise; Healthy Lifestyle; Humans; Knee Injuries; Muscle, Skeletal; Patient Education as Topic
PubMed: 31094646
DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2018-0486 -
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Apr 2020The skin, nerves, and tendons are superficial anatomical structures that can easily be investigated with an ultrasound (US) examination in the emergency department (ED).... (Review)
Review
The skin, nerves, and tendons are superficial anatomical structures that can easily be investigated with an ultrasound (US) examination in the emergency department (ED). US evaluation is relatively underused in musculoskeletal evaluation when compared with other emergency applications, such as abdominal trauma, possible aortic aneurysm, and in the cardiovascular system. The aim of this article is to revise the main bone and soft tissue conditions that can be assessed using US in the ED.
Topics: Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Ultrasonography; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 32438442
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3402050 -
Human Factors May 2022The aim of this review was to determine how exoskeletons could assist Australian Defence Force personnel with manual handling tasks. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this review was to determine how exoskeletons could assist Australian Defence Force personnel with manual handling tasks.
BACKGROUND
Musculoskeletal injuries due to manual handling are physically damaging to personnel and financially costly to the Australian Defence Force. Exoskeletons may minimize injury risk by supporting, augmenting, and/or amplifying the user's physical abilities. Exoskeletons are therefore of interest in determining how they could support the unique needs of military manual handling personnel.
METHOD
Industrial and military exoskeleton studies from 1990 to 2019 were identified in the literature. This included 67 unique exoskeletons, for which Information about their current state of development was tabulated.
RESULTS
Exoskeleton support of manual handling tasks is largely through squat/deadlift (lower limb) systems (64%), with the proposed use case for these being load carrying (42%) and 78% of exoskeletons being active. Human-exoskeleton analysis was the most prevalent form of evaluation (68%) with reported reductions in back muscle activation of 15%-54%.
CONCLUSION
The high frequency of citations of exoskeletons targeting load carrying reflects the need for devices that can support manual handling workers. Exoskeleton evaluation procedures varied across studies making comparisons difficult. The unique considerations for military applications, such as heavy external loads and load asymmetry, suggest that a significant adaptation to current technology or customized military-specific devices would be required for the introduction of exoskeletons into a military setting.
APPLICATION
Exoskeletons in the literature and their potential to be adapted for application to military manual handling tasks are presented.
Topics: Australia; Exoskeleton Device; Humans; Military Personnel; Musculoskeletal System; Posture; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 33203237
DOI: 10.1177/0018720820957467 -
International Quarterly of Community... Jul 2020Work-related injuries date back to antiquity. Attempts to resolve these work-related challenges have, inter alia, led to the establishment of the professions of... (Review)
Review
Work-related injuries date back to antiquity. Attempts to resolve these work-related challenges have, inter alia, led to the establishment of the professions of Ergonomics, Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, Occupational Hygiene, and Biokinetics. The objective of this article is to illustrate the value of Ergonomic principles as an adjunct to the profession of Biokinetics. Insofar as Ergonomics addresses the physical and environmental risks which predispose and precipitate injuries, the profession of Ergonomics is primarily concerned with the practice of eradicating work-related challenges that impede human-machine interfacing, and which adversely influence work productivity and employee health. While Occupational Therapy and Biokinetics, by rehabilitating work-related injuries, assist in improving working conditions, little is known about the exact interface between the professions of Ergonomics and Biokinetics. The Google Scholar database was consulted in order to determine the relationship between Ergonomics and Biokinetics. The key words used were and and lead to the identification of 545 records, none of which pertained to the aforementioned subject. A subsequent search was conducted using the key words and . This search identified 925 records, the number of which were reduced to 42 (4.76%) after the exclusion of patents ( = 24), citations ( = 3), and nonbiokinetic work-related injury research ( = 856). Given that many work-related injuries are managed through the use of biokinetic rehabilitation, knowledge of the physical ergonomic risk factors at play will afford biokineticists an enhanced understanding of the etiology of work-related injuries, thereby helping to improve the vigor of the rehabilitation.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Environment; Ergonomics; Humans; Musculoskeletal System; Occupational Injuries; Occupational Therapy
PubMed: 31680635
DOI: 10.1177/0272684X19885493 -
Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE Mar 2022Traumatic peripheral nerve injury (TPNI) is a common cause of morbidity following orthopedic trauma. Reproducible and precise methods of injuring nerve and denervating...
Traumatic peripheral nerve injury (TPNI) is a common cause of morbidity following orthopedic trauma. Reproducible and precise methods of injuring nerve and denervating muscle have long been a goal in musculoskeletal research. Many traumatically injured limbs have nerve trauma that defines the long-term patient outcome. Over several years, precise methods of producing microsurgical nerve injuries have been developed, including crush, lacerations, and nerve-gap grafting, allowing for reproducible outcome assessments. Moreover, newer methods are created for calibrated crush injuries that offer clinically relevant correlations with outcomes used to assess human patients. The principles of minimal manipulation to ensure low variability in nerve injury allow for adding still more associated tissue injuries into these models. This includes direct muscle crush and other components of limb injury. Finally, atrophy assessment and precise analysis of behavioral outcomes make these methods a complete package for studying musculoskeletal trauma that realistically incorporates all the elements of human traumatic limb injury.
Topics: Animals; Crush Injuries; Humans; Mice; Neurosurgical Procedures; Peripheral Nerve Injuries
PubMed: 35404346
DOI: 10.3791/63551 -
Clinics in Sports Medicine Oct 2019The athletic training room is filled with a multitude of conditions encompassing many different specialties of medicine. When it comes to traumatic injuries in the... (Review)
Review
The athletic training room is filled with a multitude of conditions encompassing many different specialties of medicine. When it comes to traumatic injuries in the training room, many of them are not musculoskeletal in nature. Ultrasound in the training room can help identify serious and subtle solid-organ injury and small pneumothoraces. The discussion of these conditions follows a simple outline that helps identify injury/conditions through a proper history and physical. Evidence-based treatment/management/return to play guidelines are discussed.
Topics: Abdominal Injuries; Athletic Injuries; Facial Injuries; Humans; Mouth; Neck Injuries; Nose; Physical Examination; Return to Sport; Thoracic Injuries
PubMed: 31472763
DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2019.06.004 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Research :... Apr 2020In this review, we highlight themes from a recent workshop focused on "Plasticity of Cell Fate in Musculoskeletal Tissues" held at the Orthopaedic Research Society's... (Review)
Review
In this review, we highlight themes from a recent workshop focused on "Plasticity of Cell Fate in Musculoskeletal Tissues" held at the Orthopaedic Research Society's 2019 annual meeting. Experts in the field provided examples of mesenchymal cell plasticity during normal musculoskeletal development, regeneration, and disease. A thorough understanding of the biology underpinning mesenchymal cell plasticity may offer a roadmap for promoting regeneration while attenuating pathologic differentiation. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:708-718, 2020.
Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Plasticity; Disease; Humans; Musculoskeletal Development; Myositis Ossificans; Ossification, Heterotopic; Regeneration; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 31721278
DOI: 10.1002/jor.24523 -
Journal of Athletic Training Jun 2020Detection of subtle changes in brain sensorimotor processes may enable clinicians to identify athletes who would derive the greatest benefit from interventions designed...
CONTEXT
Detection of subtle changes in brain sensorimotor processes may enable clinicians to identify athletes who would derive the greatest benefit from interventions designed to reduce the risk for future injury and progressive neurologic or musculoskeletal dysfunction.
OBJECTIVE
To develop a generalizable statistical model for identifying athletes who possess subtle alterations in sensorimotor processes that may be due to previous concussion.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.
SETTING
Residential Olympic Training Center sports medicine clinic.
PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS
A primary cohort of 35 elite athletes and a secondary cohort of 40 elite athletes who performed identical tests the preceding year.
INTERVENTION(S)
Two upper extremity tests of visual-motor reaction time and 2 tests of whole-body reactive agility were administered. The whole-body tests required lateral or diagonal responses to virtual-reality targets, which provided measures of reaction time, speed, acceleration, and deceleration.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)
Sport-related concussion history, which was reported by 54% (n = 19) of the athletes in the primary cohort and 45% (n = 18) of the athletes in the secondary cohort.
RESULTS
Univariable analyses identified 12 strong predictors of sport-related concussion history, which we combined to create a composite metric with maximum predictive value. Composite lateral asymmetry for whole-body reactive movements and persisting effects of previous musculoskeletal injury yielded a logistic regression model with exceptionally good discrimination (area under the curve = 0.845) and calibration (predicted-observed probabilities within 7 subgroups: r = 0.959, P = .001). Application of the derived model to compatible data acquired from another cohort of elite athletes demonstrated very good discrimination (area under the curve = 0.772) and calibration (within 8 subgroups: r = 0.849, P = .008).
CONCLUSIONS
Asymmetry in whole-body reactive movement capabilities may be a manifestation of a subtle abnormality in the functional connectivity of brain networks that might be relevant to previously reported associations between sport-related concussion history and musculoskeletal injury occurrence.
Topics: Adult; Athletes; Athletic Injuries; Brain Concussion; Cross-Sectional Studies; Feedback, Sensory; Female; Functional Laterality; Humans; Male; Models, Statistical; Neurophysiology; Psychomotor Performance; Reaction Time; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors
PubMed: 32396473
DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-0401.19