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Scandinavian Journal of Pain Oct 2021Musculoskeletal pain is common among children and adolescents. Despite the lack of evidence regarding harms and benefits, musculoskeletal pain is often managed with pain... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Musculoskeletal pain is common among children and adolescents. Despite the lack of evidence regarding harms and benefits, musculoskeletal pain is often managed with pain medication. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the prevalence of pain medication use for musculoskeletal pain among children and adolescents and the factors and side effects associated with use.
CONTENT
Three databases (EMBASE, CINAHL and PsychINFO) were systematically searched to identify studies designed to examine the prevalence, frequency or factors associated with the use of pain medication for musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents (aged 6-19 years). The included studies were assessed for study quality and data were extracted.
SUMMARY
The search initially provided 20,135 studies. After screening titles, abstracts and full-texts, 20 studies were included. In school settings, 8-42% of children used pain medication for musculoskeletal pain, and 67-75% of children in sports clubs and from pain clinics used pain medication. The most consistent factors associated with the use of pain medications were pain characteristics and psychological factors (e.g. being bullied, low-self-esteem), while mixed evidence was found for increasing age and female gender. Only two studies reported on the duration of use and only one study on adverse effects related to the use of pain medication.
OUTLOOK
We found that 8-42% of adolescents from school-based samples use pain medication for MSK pain, while the prevalence among adolescents from sports clubs and pain clinics is higher (67-75%). Pain characteristics (pain duration, severity, intensity, disability levels and the presence of ≥2 pain conditions or multisite pain) and psychological factors were associated with a higher use of pain medication, while for higher age and female gender the evidence of association was mixed. Future studies should systematically collect information on the type, duration of use of pain medication and side effects to confirm the findings of this review.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Female; Humans; Musculoskeletal Pain; Prevalence
PubMed: 34506696
DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2021-0033 -
The Journal of Arthroplasty Nov 2021One occupational hazard inherent to total joint replacement surgeons is procedural-related musculoskeletal pain (MSP). The purpose of this study is to identify the...
BACKGROUND
One occupational hazard inherent to total joint replacement surgeons is procedural-related musculoskeletal pain (MSP). The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence of work-related MSP among arthroplasty surgeons and analyze associated behaviors, attitudes, and beliefs toward surgical ergonomics.
METHODS
A survey was sent to members of the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons. The survey included 3 main sections: demographics, symptoms by body part, and attitudes/beliefs/behaviors regarding surgical ergonomics. Pain was reported using the Numeric Rating Scale (0 = no pain, 10 = maximum pain), and well-being was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory.
RESULTS
In total, 586 surgeons completed the survey: 96.1% male and 3.9% female. Most surgeons (96.5%) experience procedural-related MSP. Collectively, surgeons reported an average pain score of 3.7/10 (standard deviation ±1.95). Significant levels of MSP (≥5/10) were most common in the lower back (34.2%), hands (24.8%), and the neck (21.2%). There was a positive association among higher MSP and burnout (P < .001), callousness toward others (P = .005), and decreased overall happiness (P < .001). MSP was also found to have a significant impact on surgeon behavior including the degree of irritability (P < .001), alcohol intake (P < .001), and poor sleep patterns (P < .001).
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of MSP among arthroplasty surgeons is extremely high. This study demonstrates that MSP has a significant impact on career attitudes, lifestyle, and overall surgeon well-being. This study may also contribute to future work to prevent cumulative chronic ailments, disability, and lost productivity of arthroplasty surgeons through promotion of improved ergonomics and risk-reduction strategies.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
IV.
Topics: Arthroplasty; Ergonomics; Female; Humans; Male; Musculoskeletal Pain; Occupational Diseases; Surgeons; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34303581
DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2021.06.026 -
International Journal of Occupational... Mar 2023Musculoskeletal pain is the most common health problem in the workplace, and one of the most important risk factors for this pain is longer working hours. This study... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Musculoskeletal pain is the most common health problem in the workplace, and one of the most important risk factors for this pain is longer working hours. This study aimed to investigate the association between long working hours and musculoskeletal pain. Based on the keywords, two scientific sources - PubMed and Embase - were reviewed. The time limit search included articles that were published until May 2020 and only studies published in English were eligible. The results of the studies were combined based on random effects and pooled odds ratio () reported. The degree of heterogeneity in all analyses was investigated and reported based on and tests. Publishing bias was also measured using statistical tests. Longer working hours are associated with increased musculoskeletal pain with = 1.11 and 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.08, 1.14]. The result was = 1.52 and 95% CI [1.14, 2.03] in men and = 1.11 and 95% CI [1.00, 1.24] in women. Long working hours are an important and threatening factor for musculoskeletal health. Therefore, this issue should be considered in health policy as well as treatment and prevention.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Musculoskeletal Pain; Risk Factors; Workplace; Working Conditions
PubMed: 35098904
DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2036488 -
Hong Kong Medical Journal = Xianggang... Jun 2022
Topics: Chronic Pain; Hong Kong; Humans; Musculoskeletal Pain; Risk Factors
PubMed: 35765731
DOI: 10.12809/hkmj215129 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jul 2022Background and Objectives: Burnout affects approximately half of all nurses, physicians, and other clinicians. Alcohol use may impair performance in work-related tasks,...
Background and Objectives: Burnout affects approximately half of all nurses, physicians, and other clinicians. Alcohol use may impair performance in work-related tasks, leading to decreased productivity and morale. The present study’s aim was to determine whether a causal relationship existed between alcohol use, work-related burnout (WB), and musculoskeletal pain. Materials and Methods: A total of 1633 members from a hospital affiliated with a medical university in Taichung, Taiwan, completed questionnaires in 2021, where 1615 questionnaires were declared valid. Questionnaires were used to obtain information on basic demographic variables, and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Copenhagen Burnout Inventory were used. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS Enterprise Guide 6.1 software, and significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Work experience, being married, parenthood, leisure activities with family and friends, and regular weekly exercise were negatively associated with WB. In addition, overtime work, irregular and regular shift work, the physician and nurse medical profession, chronic disease (heart disease, diabetes, etc.), neck and both shoulders pain (NBSP), both ankles pain (BAP), and alcohol use frequency (AUF) were positively associated with WB. NBSP could explain the residual effect of AUF on WB. AUF was determined to mediate the relationship between NBSP and WB. In addition, NBSP was found to mediate the relationship between AUF and WB. Conclusions: The individuals who used alcohol to cope with NBSP or those with NBSP who often consumed alcohol had worsened WB due to a vicious circle of musculoskeletal pain and alcohol use. Therefore, medical staff should not consider alcohol use as an option to reduce burnout.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Burnout, Professional; Humans; Musculoskeletal Pain; Physicians; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 36013489
DOI: 10.3390/medicina58081022 -
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Apr 2023Emerging adults (aged 18-29) report high levels of musculoskeletal pain; however, it is unknown if body location and intensity patterns are related to different...
BACKGROUND
Emerging adults (aged 18-29) report high levels of musculoskeletal pain; however, it is unknown if body location and intensity patterns are related to different biopsychosocial characteristics. This study identified patterns of self-reported musculoskeletal pain among emerging adults and assessed if there were differences in their lifestyle and psychological characteristics.
METHODS
Data from survey responses from a large public university and a large medical university in the United States were used (n = 1,318). Self-reported pain location and intensity at five body regions were assessed, and latent class analysis identified classes separately for men and women. Mental health, physical activity, and sleep outcomes were compared between the classes.
RESULTS
Four classes were identified for men and women. Three of the classes were consistent between genders - "no pain," (women = 28% of their sample; men = 40% of their sample) "mild multisite pain," (women = 50%; men = 39%) and "moderate-severe multisite pain" (women = 9%; men = 7%). The fourth class for women was "moderate spine pain," (13%) and for men was "mild extremity pain" (13%). For both men and women, the "moderate-severe multisite" pain classes reported the highest levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, poorer sleep, and higher work physical activity than the "no pain" class. The "mild multisite" and "moderate spine" (women only) pain classes fell between the "no pain" and "moderate-severe" pain classes. The characteristics of the "mild upper extremity pain" class for men was similar to the "no pain" class.
CONCLUSIONS
The identified classes provide unique information on pain location and intensity in emerging adults. The high prevalence of "mild multisite pain" (n = 593; 45% of the total sample) demonstrates an intervention opportunity during this age range to prevent further increases in musculoskeletal pain later in life. Future work should assess the longitudinal outcomes of these pain classes, the impact of interventions for this age group, and the balance between leisure and occupational physical activity when addressing musculoskeletal health.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Female; Male; Musculoskeletal Pain; Surveys and Questionnaires; Life Style; Self Report; Mental Health
PubMed: 37118767
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06412-y -
Occupational Medicine (Oxford, England) Dec 2021Studies have indicated that shift work, in particular night work, is associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain but the mechanisms are unclear. It has been suggested...
BACKGROUND
Studies have indicated that shift work, in particular night work, is associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain but the mechanisms are unclear. It has been suggested that sleep disturbance, a common complaint among shift and night workers, may induce low-grade inflammation as well as heightened pain sensitivity.
AIMS
Firstly, this study was aimed to examine the cross-sectional associations between shift work, C-reactive protein (CRP) level and chronic musculoskeletal pain, and secondly, to analyse CRP as a mediator between shift work and chronic musculoskeletal pain.
METHODS
The study included 23 223 vocationally active women and men who participated in the HUNT4 Survey of the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT). Information was collected by questionnaires, interviews, biological samples and clinical examination.
RESULTS
Regression analyses adjusted for sex, age and education revealed significant associations between shift work and odds of any chronic musculoskeletal pain (odd ratio [OR] 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.19), between shift work and CRP level (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03-1.16) and between CRP level 3.00-10 mg/L and any chronic musculoskeletal pain (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.27-1.51). Shift work and CRP were also associated with number of chronic pain sites. Mediation analysis indicated that shift work was indirectly associated with any chronic musculoskeletal pain through CRP (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.06).
CONCLUSIONS
The results support the hypothesis that shift work is associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain, and that systemic inflammation may be a biological mechanism linking shift work to chronic pain.
Topics: Chronic Pain; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Male; Musculoskeletal Pain; Shift Work Schedule
PubMed: 34551112
DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqab133 -
PloS One 2022The guitar-playing community is the largest group at risk of developing playing related musculoskeletal disorders. A thorough investigation of the relationships between...
BACKGROUND
The guitar-playing community is the largest group at risk of developing playing related musculoskeletal disorders. A thorough investigation of the relationships between the various risk factors and players' report on musculoskeletal pain using objective and accurate means of assessment has yet to be reported.
PURPOSE
(a) to explore the correlations between demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, playing habits, and personal habits of guitar player and their complaints of musculoskeletal pain, (b) explore the correlations between the upper body kinematics of guitar players during playing the guitar and their complaints of musculoskeletal pain, and (c) compare the upper body kinematics of guitar players during playing the guitar while sitting versus standing.
METHODS
Twenty-five guitar players (27.5±4.6 years old) filled out questionnaires regarding their guitar-playing habits, and the Standardized Nordic Questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms. Kinematics of their torso and upper limbs were tracked while they played a tune twice, once while sitting and once while standing.
RESULTS
We found moderate correlations between the number of painful joints in the last year and factors, such as physical comfort while playing, years of playing, and position during playing. During standing, lower back pain severity correlated with the rotation range of the torso, while during sitting, it moderately correlated with the average radial-ulnar deviation of the right wrist. During sitting, we found higher anterior and right tilt of the torso, combined with greater abduction of the right shoulder, higher flexion in the left shoulder and higher radial deviation in the left wrist.
CONCLUSION
Our results point to several risk factors, related both to playing habits but also to playing posture, which should be considered by the guitar players in order to prevent playing-related musculoskeletal disorders.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Israel; Male; Musculoskeletal Pain; Music; Occupational Diseases; Posture; Prevalence; Shoulder Joint; Young Adult
PubMed: 34982777
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262207 -
Orthopedic NursingBias in healthcare negatively impacts disparities in care, treatment, and outcomes, especially among minority populations. A scoping review of the literature was... (Review)
Review
Bias in healthcare negatively impacts disparities in care, treatment, and outcomes, especially among minority populations. A scoping review of the literature was performed to provide a deeper understanding of how bias influences musculoskeletal pain and potential effects of bias-targeted interventions on reducing pain disparities, as well as identify gaps and make suggestions for further research in this area. Publications from peer-reviewed journals were searched using the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus, with 18 studies identified. The literature review revealed that clinician-based bias and discrimination worsen pain and disability by reducing access to treatment and increasing patient pain-related injustice, catastrophizing, depression, and perceived stress. In contrast, clinician education and perspective-taking, patient decision tools, and community outreach interventions can help reduce bias and disparities in musculoskeletal pain outcomes. Increasing the diversity of the healthcare workforce should also be a priority. Models of care focused on health equity may provide an ideal framework to reduce bias and provide sustainable improvement in musculoskeletal pain management.
Topics: Catastrophization; Delivery of Health Care; Disabled Persons; Humans; Musculoskeletal Pain; Pain Management
PubMed: 35358134
DOI: 10.1097/NOR.0000000000000833 -
European Journal of Pain (London,... May 2020The multidimensional array of clinical features and prognostic factors makes it difficult to optimize management within the heterogeneity of patients with common... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
The multidimensional array of clinical features and prognostic factors makes it difficult to optimize management within the heterogeneity of patients with common musculoskeletal pain. This study aimed to identify phenotypes across prognostic factors and musculoskeletal complaints. Concurrent and external validity were assessed against an established instrument and a new sample, respectively, and treatment outcome was described.
METHODS
We conducted a longitudinal observational study of 435 patients (aged 18-67 years) seeking treatment for nonspecific complaints in the neck, shoulder, low back or multisite/complex pain in primary health care physiotherapy in Norway. Latent class analysis was used to identify phenotypes based on 11 common prognostic factors within four biopsychosocial domains; pain, beliefs and thoughts, psychological and activity and lifestyle.
RESULTS
Five distinct phenotypes were identified. Phenotype 1 (n = 77, 17.7%) and 2 (n = 142, 32.6%) were characterized by the lowest scores across all biopsychosocial domains. Phenotype 2 showed somewhat higher levels of symptoms across the biopsychosocial domains. Phenotype 3 (n = 89, 20.5%) and 4 (n = 78, 17.9%) were more affected across all domains, but phenotype 3 and 4 had opposite patterns in the psychological and pain domains. Phenotype 5 (n = 49, 11.3%) were characterized by worse symptoms across all domains, indicating a complex phenotype. The identified phenotypes had good external and concurrent validity, also differentiating for the phenotypes in function and health-related quality of life outcome at 3-month follow-up.
CONCLUSION
The phenotypes may inform the development of targeted interventions aimed at improving the treatment efficiency in patients with common musculoskeletal disorders.
SIGNIFICANCE
This observational prospective study identified five distinct and clinically meaningful phenotypes based on biopsychosocial prognostic factors across common musculoskeletal pain. These phenotypes were independent of primary pain location, showed good external validity, and clear variation in treatment outcome. The findings are particularly valuable as they describe the heterogeneity of patients with musculoskeletal pain and points to a need for more targeted interventions in common musculoskeletal disorders to improve treatment outcome.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Humans; Middle Aged; Musculoskeletal Pain; Norway; Phenotype; Prospective Studies; Quality of Life; Young Adult
PubMed: 32040225
DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1541