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Open Forum Infectious Diseases Apr 2022is a nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) with a predilection for skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) in the immunocompromised host. We report a case of disseminated...
is a nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) with a predilection for skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) in the immunocompromised host. We report a case of disseminated infection initially presenting as a nonresolving subacute cellulitis of bilateral lower extremities. Genetic sequencing was used for final identification, while a commercially available polymerase chain reaction test returned a false-positive result for . Consequently, we highlight the importance of as a major differential diagnosis of SSTI in the immunocompromised host and the need for careful interpretation of rapid diagnostic tests.
PubMed: 35308485
DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac074 -
IDCases 2023is an increasingly recognized pathogen of the non-tuberculous mycobacteria family that largely infects immunocompromised adults and immunocompetent children. is a...
is an increasingly recognized pathogen of the non-tuberculous mycobacteria family that largely infects immunocompromised adults and immunocompetent children. is a fastidious and slow-growing organism that exhibits preferential growth at lower temperature with iron supplemented media, and therefore most clinical manifestations involve cutaneous infection or musculoskeletal infection of the distal extremities. It is believed that opportunistic infection occurs in immunocompromised hosts when the organism is acquired through environmental exposure. We describe the case of a 71-year-old renal transplant recipient who developed acute osteomyelitis of the left foot, likely contracted from Epsom salt soaks with contaminated tap water. Outcomes of infection are generally favorable in the literature. Our patient was treated with local debridement and partial amputation followed by a 3-drug anti-mycobacterial regimen until definitive amputation could be completed.
PubMed: 36687370
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2023.e01684 -
Acta Neuropathologica Communications May 2020Infections by opportunistic non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are rising in global incidence. One emerging, slowly growing NTM is Mycobacterium haemophilum, which can...
Infections by opportunistic non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are rising in global incidence. One emerging, slowly growing NTM is Mycobacterium haemophilum, which can cause skin, lung, bone, and soft tissue infections in immunocompromised patients as well as lymphadenitis in immunocompetent individuals. Detection of this microorganism is difficult using conventional culture-based methods and few reports have documented involvement of this pathogen within the central nervous system (CNS).We describe the neuropathologic autopsy findings of a 39-year-old man with AIDS who died secondary to M. haemophilum CNS infection. He initially presented with repeated bouts of pyrexia, nausea and vomiting, and altered mental status that required numerous hospitalizations. CSF infectious workups were consistently negative. His most recent admission identified hyperintensities within the brainstem by MRI and despite antibiotic therapies for suspected CNS infection, he died. Autopsy revealed a swollen brain with marked widening of the brainstem. Microscopic examination of the brain and spinal cord showed focal lymphohistiocytic infiltrates, gliosis and neuronal loss that were associated with acid-fast bacilli (AFB). The brainstem was the most severely damaged and AFB were found to congregate along arterial territories lending support to the notion of hematogenous spread as a mechanism for the organisms' dissemination. 16S rRNA sequencing on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue enabled post-mortem identification of M. haemophilum. This sequencing methodology may permit diagnosis on CSF intra-vitam.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Brain Stem; Humans; Infectious Encephalitis; Male; Meningoencephalitis; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum
PubMed: 32430060
DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00937-2 -
Cutis Oct 2019Mycobacterium haemophilum is a nontuberculous organism that commonly manifests as cutaneous lesions and subcutaneous nodules in immunosuppressed adults. Because M...
Mycobacterium haemophilum is a nontuberculous organism that commonly manifests as cutaneous lesions and subcutaneous nodules in immunosuppressed adults. Because M haemophilum infection is rare, the epidemiology, reservoir, and mode of transmission remain largely unknown. Infection presents a challenge to the dermatology community because it is infrequently suspected and commonly misidentified, resulting in delayed diagnosis. We discuss 3 cases of cutaneous M haemophilum infection to better understand clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management.
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Upper Extremity
PubMed: 31774883
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen... Oct 2020
PubMed: 32666629
DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14177 -
IDCases 2020is a slow growing acid-fast bacillus (AFB) in the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) group. typically causes cervicofacial lymphadenitis in children, cutaneous...
is a slow growing acid-fast bacillus (AFB) in the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) group. typically causes cervicofacial lymphadenitis in children, cutaneous diseases, septic arthritis and osteomyelitis. However, it rarely causes isolated spinal cord disease. We report the first case, to our knowledge, of isolated intramedullary spinal lesions secondary to . This case involved a patient with newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). He developed significant immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) during his treatment. should be on the differential for isolated intramedullary spinal lesions, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Given our patient's severe IRIS, patients with HIV and infection should be closely monitored for IRIS and treated aggressively. In high risk circumstances such as spinal disease in patients with HIV, clinicians should consider pre-emptive treatment for IRIS.
PubMed: 32226763
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2019.e00674 -
International Journal of Dermatology Sep 2021
Topics: Humans; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 33751550
DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15514 -
Journal of Clinical Rheumatology :... Jan 2021
Topics: Humans; Liver Transplantation; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Tenosynovitis
PubMed: 31880608
DOI: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000001232 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2023is a slow-growing, aerobic mycobacterium that acts as a pathogen in immunocompromised adult patients and immunocompetent children. There are only a few rare cases in...
is a slow-growing, aerobic mycobacterium that acts as a pathogen in immunocompromised adult patients and immunocompetent children. There are only a few rare cases in the literature describing this species as a cause of subcutaneous infections. Here, we describe a subcutaneous infection caused by in an immunocompetent female after lipolysis injections at an unqualified beauty salon, suggesting that this bacteria can also be a potential causative agent of adverse events in medical aesthetics. In addition, caused lesions not only at the injection sites and adjacent areas but also invaded distant sections through the subcutaneous sinus tracts. Thus, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are vital to prevent further deterioration and improve prognosis.
PubMed: 36756175
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1098047 -
Annals of Neurology Mar 2024
Topics: Humans; Mycobacterium haemophilum; Myelitis
PubMed: 37953637
DOI: 10.1002/ana.26828