-
Journal of Infection in Developing... Nov 2023Ochrobactrum species are emerging Gram-negative, non-fermenting bacteria with low virulence. Infection with the Ochrobactrum species is commonly nosocomial and has been...
Ochrobactrum species are emerging Gram-negative, non-fermenting bacteria with low virulence. Infection with the Ochrobactrum species is commonly nosocomial and has been reported in patients with indwelling medical devices and implants. Among the species of Ochrobactrum infecting humans, Ochrobactrum anthropic and Ochrobactrum intermedium are the commonest ones. We present a case of septicemia caused by Ochrobactrum intermedium in a 75-year-old patient with lower limb cellulitis. This report describes the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and treatment of Ochrobactrum infections.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Ochrobactrum; Sepsis
PubMed: 38064389
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.17185 -
International Journal of Biological... Jan 2021A newly isolated bacterium producing 55.5 U/mL keratinase on feather meal minimal medium was identified as Ochrobactrum intermedium. Optimization of process parameters...
A newly isolated bacterium producing 55.5 U/mL keratinase on feather meal minimal medium was identified as Ochrobactrum intermedium. Optimization of process parameters by one-variable-at-a-time (OVAT) approach (substrate concentration 0.5% w/v, inoculum size 5% w/v, pH 7.0, 200 rpm for 96 h at 40 °C) resulted in 2.1-fold increase in keratinase secretion (117 U/mL). Keratinase was optimally active at pH 9.0 and 40 °C and was stable at pH 9.0 and 60 °C for 120 min. Calcium ions enhanced keratinase activity (158%) significantly, while it was strongly inhibited by both PMSF and EDTA, indicating it to be a metallo-serine protease. Keratinase degraded native chicken feathers efficiently resulting in 97.9% weight loss along with release of 745.5 μg/mL soluble proteins and 4196.69 μg/mL amino acids. Feather hydrolysate generated by NKIS 1 exhibited significant anti-oxidant and free-radical scavenging activity (90.46%). The present study revealed that O. intermedium NKIS 1 has potential applications in the biodegradation of chicken feathers and the value-addition of poultry waste.
Topics: Animals; Avian Proteins; Bacterial Proteins; Biodegradation, Environmental; Calcium; Chickens; Enzyme Stability; Feathers; Free Radical Scavengers; Industrial Waste; Keratins; Ochrobactrum; Peptide Hydrolases; Protein Hydrolysates
PubMed: 33157140
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.260 -
Bioresource Technology Jan 2021The present study describes the heavy metal bioaccumulation potential of Ochrobactrum intermedium BPS-20 and Ochrobactrum ciceri BPS-26. A total of 27 isolates were...
A comparative analysis of heavy metal bioaccumulation and functional gene annotation towards multiple metal resistant potential by Ochrobactrum intermedium BPS-20 and Ochrobactrum ciceri BPS-26.
The present study describes the heavy metal bioaccumulation potential of Ochrobactrum intermedium BPS-20 and Ochrobactrum ciceri BPS-26. A total of 27 isolates were retrieved from the soils of industrial areas and these two were selected based on their maximum metal tolerance. They can resist up to 2400 mg/L and 2000 mg/L of Lead and 850 mg/L and 1200 mg/L of Nickel respectively. The atomic absorption spectroscopic analysis showed considerably good bioaccumulation by O. intermedium BPS-20 (85.34% and 74.87%) and O. ciceri BPS-26 (71.20% and 88.48%) for Lead and Nickel respectively. The growth rate studies also demonstrated no inhibitory effects of heavy metals in the medium. Further the SEM analysis showed the presence of extracellular polymeric substances around bacterial cells. Moreover, the functional gene annotation confirmed the presence of ATPase, ABC, and HoxN/HupN/NixA families of transporters. Thus, both the isolates provide a better solution for the removal of metal pollutants.
Topics: Bioaccumulation; Humans; Metals, Heavy; Molecular Sequence Annotation; Ochrobactrum
PubMed: 33202345
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124330 -
Canadian Journal of Microbiology Feb 2021The SCUEC4 strain of is a newly isolated bacterium that degrades nicotine can use nicotine as the sole carbon source via a series of enzymatic catalytic processes. The...
The SCUEC4 strain of is a newly isolated bacterium that degrades nicotine can use nicotine as the sole carbon source via a series of enzymatic catalytic processes. The mechanisms underlying nicotine degradation in this bacterium and the corresponding functional genes remain unclear. Here, we analyzed the function and biological properties of the gene involved in the nicotine-degradation pathways in strain SCUEC4. The gene was cloned by PCR with total DNA of strain SCUEC4 and used to construct the recombinant plasmid pET28a-. The overexpression of the OcnE protein was detected by SDS-PAGE analysis, and study of the function of this protein was spectrophotometrically carried out by monitoring the changes of 2,5-dihydroxypyridine. Moreover, the effects of temperature, pH, and metal ions on the biological activities of the OcnE protein were analyzed. The optimal conditions for the biological activities of OcnE, a protein of approximately 37.6 kDa, were determined to be 25 °C, pH 7.0, and 25 μmol/L Fe, and the suitable storage conditions for the OcnE protein were 0 °C and pH 7.0. In conclusion, the gene is responsible for the ability of 2,5-dihydroxypyridine dioxygenase. These findings will be beneficial in clarifying the mechanisms of nicotine degradation in SCUEC4.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Genes, Bacterial; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Iron; Molecular Weight; Nicotine; Ochrobactrum; Pyridines; Recombinant Proteins; Temperature
PubMed: 32841574
DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2020-0118 -
Carbohydrate Polymers Oct 2023Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are major players in bacterial infection through the recognition by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The LPS chemical structure, including the...
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are major players in bacterial infection through the recognition by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The LPS chemical structure, including the oligosaccharide core and the lipid A moiety, can be strongly influenced by adaptation and modulated to assure bacteria protection, evade immune surveillance, or reduce host immune responses. Deep structural understanding of TLRs signaling is essential for the modulation of the innate immune system in sepsis control and inflammation, during bacterial infection. To advance this knowledge, we have employed computational techniques to characterize the TLR4 molecular recognition of atypical LPSs from different opportunistic members of α2-Proteobacteria, including Brucella melitensis, Ochrobactrum anthropi, and Ochrobactrum intermedium, with diverse immunostimulatory activities. We contribute to unraveling the role of uncommon lipid A chemical features such as bearing very long-chain fatty acid chains, whose presence has been rarely reported, on modulating the proper heterodimerization of the TLR4 receptor complex. Moreover, we further evaluated the influence of the different oligosaccharide cores, including sugar composition and net charge, on TLR4 activation. Our studies contribute to elucidating, from the molecular and biological perspectives, the impact of the α2-Proteobacteria LPS cores and the chemical structure of the atypical lipid A for immune system evasion in opportunistic bacteria.
Topics: Humans; Lipopolysaccharides; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Lipid A; Proteobacteria; Immune Evasion; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Oligosaccharides
PubMed: 37479429
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121094 -
Chemosphere Apr 2020Pot-culture experiments were conducted to investigate the potential of microorganism-saponin assisted phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd) and benzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P)...
Pot-culture experiments were conducted to investigate the potential of microorganism-saponin assisted phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd) and benzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P) co-contaminated soil using Cd-hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii. Results showed that B[a]P-degrading bacterium (Ochrobactrum intermedium B[a]P-16) inoculation significantly increased root (by 22.1-24.1%) and shoot (by 20.5-23.4%) biomass of S. alfredii, whereas the application of saponin had no effect on the growth of S. alfredii. The saponin solution at 2 g L extracted more Cd and B[a]P than water, saponin enhanced Cd and B[a]P bioavailability in soil and thus promoted their uptake and accumulation in S. alfredii. The activity of B[a]P-16, dehydrogenase and polyphenol oxidase in co-contaminated soil was promoted by growing S. alfredii, and the application of B[a]P-16 and saponins caused a significant (P < 0.05) increase in both enzyme activities. The maximum B[a]P removal rate (82.0%) and Cd phytoextraction rate (19.5%) were obtained by co-application of S. alfredii with B[a]P-16 and saponin. The B[a]P-16 and plant promoted biodegradation were the predominant contributors towards removal of B[a]P from soil. A significant (P < 0.05) synergistic effect of B[a]P-16 and saponin on B[a]P and Cd removal efficiency was observed in this study. It is suggested that planting S. alfredii with application of B[a]P-16 and saponin would be an effective method for phytoremediation of soil co-contaminated with Cd and PAHs.
Topics: Benzo(a)pyrene; Biodegradation, Environmental; Biomass; Cadmium; Ochrobactrum; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Saponins; Sedum; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 31864950
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125547 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2021A cadmium (Cd)-tolerant bacterium BB12 was isolated from sewage waste collected from the municipal sewage dumping site of Bhopal, India. The bacterium showed multiple...
A cadmium (Cd)-tolerant bacterium BB12 was isolated from sewage waste collected from the municipal sewage dumping site of Bhopal, India. The bacterium showed multiple heavy metal tolerance ability and had the highest minimum inhibitory concentration of 150 mg L of Cd. Growth kinetics, biosorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy studies on BB12 in the presence of Cd suggested biosorption as primary mode of interaction. SEM and TEM studies revealed surface deposition of Cd. FTIR spectra indicated nitrogen atom in exopolysaccharides secreted by BB12 to be the main site for Cd attachment. The potential of BB12 to alleviate the impact of Cd toxicity in spinach plants ( L.) var. F1-MULAYAM grown in the soil containing Cd at 25, 50, and 75 mg kg was evaluated. Without bacterial inoculation, plants showed delayed germination, decrease in the chlorophyll content, and stunted growth at 50 and 75 mg kg Cd content. Bacterial inoculation, however, resulted in the early germination, increased chlorophyll, and increase in shoot (28.33%) and root fresh weight (72.60%) at 50 mg kg of Cd concentration after 75 days of sowing. Due to bacterial inoculation, elevated proline accumulation and lowered down superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity was observed in the Cd-stressed plants. The isolate BB12 was capable of alleviating Cd from the soil by biosorption as evident from significant reduction in the uptake/translocation and bioaccumulation of Cd in bacteria itself and in the plant parts of treated spinach. Potential PGP prospects and heavy metal bioremediation capability of BB12 can make the environmental application of the organism a promising approach to reduce Cd toxicity in the crops grown in metal-contaminated soils.
PubMed: 35140690
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.758144 -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Elite Edition) Jun 2024Due to the constant and improper use of chemicals, including pesticides, many substances, and their degradation products can accumulate in the soil and negatively affect...
BACKGROUND
Due to the constant and improper use of chemicals, including pesticides, many substances, and their degradation products can accumulate in the soil and negatively affect its organisms.
METHODS
In this study, morphological methods, Gram-staining, and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionzation Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) methods were used to isolate bacteria from agricultural soils, while genetic identification was conducted using 16S rRNA. The density of bacteria was determined using the spectrophotometric method, and the residual amount of cypermethrin was determined and analyzed using Gas chromatograohy-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods.
RESULTS
Nine isolates were obtained from various agricultural soils. Isolate No. 3 showed the greatest effectiveness against cypermethrin and was selected for further research. Isolate No. 3 was identified as the strain PDB-3 and was registered in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database (GenBank: OL587509.1). Using this strain, the influence of various external factors on the degradation of cypermethrin was studied. This bacterium demonstrated 100% degradation of cypermethrin in 20 days under optimal conditions (temperature: 30 °C; optical density (OD) = 0.2; cypermethrin concentration: 80 ± 0.02 mg/kg). In addition, PDB-3 changed the original structure of cypermethrin into various intermediate metabolites, such as 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxy benzeneacetonitrile, 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde, 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde, methyl stearate, anethol, citral, and phenol.
CONCLUSIONS
The results obtained using PDB-3 provide the basis for large-scale field trials on the bioremediation of cypermethrin-contaminated soils.
Topics: Pyrethrins; Ochrobactrum; Pesticides; Biodegradation, Environmental; Soil Microbiology; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 38939915
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbe1602020 -
Phytopathology Nov 2021Alfalfa root rot caused by is one of the most important soilborne diseases, resulting in significant losses to alfalfa agriculture worldwide. Fungicides used in...
Alfalfa root rot caused by is one of the most important soilborne diseases, resulting in significant losses to alfalfa agriculture worldwide. Fungicides used in management of the disease affect the environment and human health. In this study, a strain of (I-5), isolated from alfalfa rhizosphere soil, exhibited strong antifungal activity against a number of causative pathogens of alfalfa root rot and showed the strongest antagonistic activity against (a longest radius/shortest radius ratio of 3.09). When applied at 10%, a filtrate of the strain liquid culture significantly reduced the spore production and germination and mycelial growth of , and the inhibition rates were 76.67, 78.93, and 55.77%, respectively. Furthermore, a filtrate and suspension of the strain, when applied at 10%, reduced alfalfa root rot by >73% in repeated experiments. The strain clearly promoted the activities of invertase, urease, cellulose, and neutral phosphatase in alfalfa rhizosphere soil and significantly reduced the damage to rhizosphere soil quality attributable to alfalfa root rot. Moreover, the strain clearly promoted the growth of alfalfa without causing any evident damage to plants. The active substance produced by the strain was insensitive to heat and ultraviolet irradiation and displayed optimal efficacy at pH 8. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study describing the use of for the biological control of alfalfa root rot. (I-5) has potential for application in the control of alfalfa root rot and improvement of the quality of cultivated alfalfa.
Topics: Biological Control Agents; Fusarium; Medicago sativa; Ochrobactrum; Plant Diseases
PubMed: 33851861
DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-12-20-0549-R -
Chemosphere Jul 2022The harmful effects of textile wastewater irrigation practices on the crop productivity and soil nutrient levels are primarily related with the accumulation of...
The harmful effects of textile wastewater irrigation practices on the crop productivity and soil nutrient levels are primarily related with the accumulation of recalcitrant azo dyes in the soil. Therefore, toxicity assessment of the textile waste contaminated soil along with the development of a powerful soil bioremediation strategy is a challenging task for the researchers. Present study aimed to evaluate potential toxicity of the textile wastewater irrigated soil collected from Panki industrial site 5, Kanpur, India employing Ames Salmonella/mammalian microsome test, Escherichia coli DNA repair defective mutation assay and Allium cepa chromosomal aberration assay. The results of the Ames test and DNA repair defective mutation test showed that all the organic extracts of the contaminated soil samples induced different degrees of DNA damage, indicating the existence of mutagenicity and genotoxicity. Additionally, in A. cepa root cells, the contaminated soil altered mitotic index and caused chromosomal abnormalities. Results of the study demonstrated potential health risks related with the irrigation of textile wastewater. Keeping in view of the above scenario, the study led to the isolation and characterization of a novel indigenous bacterium capable of tolerating very high concentration of reactive black 5 dye (500 μg-mL) and salt (20 gL) with concurrently high efficiency of the dye degradation i.e., 93% decolorization at temperature of 37 °C and in pH range of 5-9. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the bacterium was identified as Ochrobactrum intermedium. Further, dye degradation products were identified as sodium-2-hydrosulfonylethyl sulphate and sodium-3-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonate by Gas Chromatography-Mass spectrometry; and this isolate can be exploited for bioremediation of textile waste contaminated soils.
Topics: Animals; Azo Compounds; Bacteria; Biodegradation, Environmental; Coloring Agents; DNA Damage; Industrial Waste; Mammals; Ochrobactrum; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sodium; Soil; Textile Industry; Textiles; Wastewater
PubMed: 35218787
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134082