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Cryo Letters 2023When sperm are cryopreserved, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed that are detrimental to the sperm.
BACKGROUND
When sperm are cryopreserved, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed that are detrimental to the sperm.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of oleic acid and trehalose added to ram semen extender on sperm parameters, lipid peroxidation (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme levels of spermatozoa following the freeze/thawing processes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ejaculates were collected from four rams and pooled at 35 degree C. Pooled ejaculates were diluted with oleic acid at 0 mM and trehalose at 0 mM (O0 T0) as the control. The Tris-based extender was supplemented with either 0.5 (O0.5) or 1 (O1) mM of oleic acid or 25 (T25) or 50 (T50) mM of trehalose alone, and in combination [0.5 mM oleic acid + 25 mM trehalose (O0.5 T25), 0.5 mM oleic acid + 50 mM trehalose (O0.5 T50), 1 mM oleic acid + 25 mM trehalose (O1 T25) and 1 mM oleic acid + 50 mM trehalose (O1 T50)]. The semen was frozen by the traditional liquid nitrogen vapour method and stored at -196C in the liquid nitrogen tank.
RESULTS
Semen extender containing O1T25 significantly improved the total motility, when compared with other treatment groups (P<0.05), except for O1 T50. O1 T50 had a higher viability rate than any other treatment. The addition of O1 T25 and O1 T50 increased DNA and membrane integrity of spermatozoa post-thawing compared to other treatments (P<0.05). The level of MDA was significantly (P<0.05) lower in extenders supplemented with O1, O0.5 T25, O0.5 T50, O1 T25 and O1T50 compared to the other treatment groups. In addition, SOD levels were higher in groups treated with O1 T25 and O1 T50 than the other treatment groups (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION
The addition of a combination of oleic acid and trehalose concentrations to Tris-based extender improved the quality of ram semen post-thawing. Doi.org/10.54680/fr23610110712.
Topics: Male; Sheep; Animals; Semen; Oleic Acid; Trehalose; Cryopreservation; Cryoprotective Agents; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa; Semen Analysis; Superoxide Dismutase; Nitrogen; Semen Preservation
PubMed: 38311928
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Translational Medicine Jan 2024Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver disorder characterized by the ac-cumulation of fat in hepatocytes without alcohol consumption. Mitochondrial...
BACKGROUND
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver disorder characterized by the ac-cumulation of fat in hepatocytes without alcohol consumption. Mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress play significant roles in NAFLD pathogenesis. The unfolded protein response in mitochondria (UPRmt) is an adaptive mechanism that aims to restore mitochondrial protein homeostasis and mitigate cellular stress. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ( +)-Lipoic acid (ALA) on UPRmt, inflammation, and oxidative stress in an in vitro model of NAFLD using HepG2 cells treated with palmitic acid and oleic acid to induce steatosis.
RESULTS
Treatment with palmitic and oleic acids increased UPRmt-related proteins HSP90 and HSP60 (heat shock protein), and decreased CLPP (caseinolytic protease P), indicating ER stress activation. ALA treatment at 1 μM and 5 μM restored UPRmt-related protein levels. PA:OA (palmitic acid:oleic acid)-induced ER stress markers IRE1α (Inositol requiring enzyme-1), CHOP (C/EBP Homologous Protein), BIP (Binding Immunoglobulin Protein), and BAX (Bcl-2-associated X protein) were significantly reduced by ALA treatment. ALA also enhanced ER-mediated protein glycosylation and reduced oxidative stress, as evidenced by decreased GPX1 (Glutathione peroxidase 1), GSTP1 (glutathione S-transferase pi 1), and GSR (glutathione-disulfide reductase) expression and increased GSH (Glutathione) levels, and improved cellular senescence as shown by the markers β-galactosidase, γH2Ax and Klotho-beta.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, ALA ameliorated ER stress, oxidative stress, and inflammation in HepG2 cells treated with palmitic and oleic acids, potentially offering therapeutic benefits for NAFLD providing a possible biochemical mechanism underlying ALA beneficial effects.
Topics: Humans; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Thioctic Acid; Endoribonucleases; Oleic Acid; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Unfolded Protein Response; Oxidative Stress; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; Hepatocytes; Cellular Senescence; Inflammation; Palmitic Acids; Liver; Palmitic Acid
PubMed: 38245790
DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04880-x -
International Journal of Biological... Aug 2022Amylose-oleic acid complexes (AOA) were exposed to microwave heat-moisture treatment (M-HMT) with different moisture content (MC), and the variations in structures and...
Amylose-oleic acid complexes (AOA) were exposed to microwave heat-moisture treatment (M-HMT) with different moisture content (MC), and the variations in structures and digestibility were investigated. M-HMT caused the dissociation of helical structures and destruction of short-range molecular order of AOA. Meanwhile, the molecules of amylose and oleic acid rearranged and more amylose-oleic acid complexes were formed during M-HMT, the complexing index of AOA was increased from 25.41 % to 41.20 % when treating at 35 % MC. Moreover, the relative content of single helix increased with increasing MC, resulting in higher V-type relative crystallinity. With ≥30 % MC, the treated complexes showed greater thermostability than that of original AOA. The treatment increased the enzymatic digestibility of AOA, and sample treated with 35 % MC had the highest resistant starch content of 82.33 %, which was 17.96 % higher than that of native AOA. The improved enzyme resistance should be correlated to increased molecular interplay and formation of amylose-oleic acid complexes.
Topics: Amylose; Hot Temperature; Microwaves; Oleic Acid; Starch
PubMed: 35752333
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.133 -
Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental Aug 2023Na/K-ATPase (NKA), an ion pumping enzyme ubiquitously expressed in various cells, is critically involved in cellular ion homeostasis and signal transduction. However,...
BACKGROUND
Na/K-ATPase (NKA), an ion pumping enzyme ubiquitously expressed in various cells, is critically involved in cellular ion homeostasis and signal transduction. However, the role of NKA in hepatic lipid homeostasis has yet to be fully characterized.
METHODS
The activity of NKA and NKAα1 expression were determined in steatotic cells, mice and patients. The roles of NKAα1 in hepatosteatosis were detected using hepatocyte knockout or specific overexpression of NKAα1 in mice.
RESULTS
Herein, we demonstrated that the expression and activity of α1 subunit of NKA (NKAα1) were lowered in the livers of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients, high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice, and genetically obese (ob/ob, db/db) mice, as well as oleic acid-induced hepatocytes. Hepatic deficiency of NKAα1 exacerbated, while adeno-associated virus-mediated liver specific overexpression of NKAα1 alleviated hepatic steatosis through regulation of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and lipogenesis. Mechanistically, we revealed that NKAα1 upregulated sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) via interacting with ubiquitin specific peptidase 22 (USP22), a deubiquitinating enzyme for the stabilization and deubiquitination of SIRT1, thus activating the downstream autophagy signaling. Blockade of the SIRT1/autophagy signaling pathway eliminated the protective effects of NKAα1 against lipid deposition in hepatocytes. Importantly, we found that an antibody against the DR region (DVEDSYGQQWTYEQR) of NKAα1 subunit (DR-Ab) ameliorated hepatic steatosis through maintaining the membrane density of NKAα1 and inducing its activation.
CONCLUSIONS
Collectively, this study renews the functions of NKAα1 in liver lipid metabolism and provides a new clue for gene therapy or antibody treatment of hepatic lipid metabolism disturbance by targeting NKAα1.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Mice, Obese; Lipid Metabolism; Sirtuin 1; Liver; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Hepatocytes; Oleic Acid; Diet, High-Fat; Mice, Inbred C57BL
PubMed: 37127227
DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155579 -
Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin Apr 2023Oral disulfiram (DSF) has been used clinically for alcohol dependence and recently has been found to have antitumor activity. A transdermal delivery system would be...
Oral disulfiram (DSF) has been used clinically for alcohol dependence and recently has been found to have antitumor activity. A transdermal delivery system would be useful for maintaining drug concentration and reducing the frequency of administration of DSF for cancer treatment. Penetrating the stratum corneum (SC) barrier is a challenge to the transdermal delivery of DSF. Therefore, we investigated the promoting effects and mechanism of action of the combination of oleic acid (OA) and Tween 80 on the skin permeation of DSF. Hairless mouse skin was exposed to OA and Tween 80, combined in various ratios (1 : 0, 2 : 1, 1 : 1, 1 : 2, and 0 : 1). A permeation experiment was performed, and total internal reflection IR spectroscopic measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, and synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction measurements were taken of the SC with each applied formulation. The combination of OA and Tween 80 further enhanced the absorption-promoting effect of DSF, compared with individual application. The peak of the CH inverse symmetric stretching vibration near the skin surface temperature was shifted by a high frequency due to the application of OA, and DSF solubility increased in response to Tween 80. We believe that the increased fluidity of the intercellular lipids due to OA and the increased solubility of DSF due to Tween 80 promoted the absorption of DSF. Our study clarifies the detailed mechanism of action of the skin permeation and promoting effect of DSF through the combined use of OA and Tween 80, contributing to the development of a transdermal preparation of DSF.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Oleic Acid; Polysorbates; Disulfiram; Skin; Administration, Cutaneous
PubMed: 36709972
DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00821 -
Environmental Science & Technology Jun 2022Commonly found in atmospheric aerosols, cooking oils, and human sebum, unsaturated lipids rapidly decay upon exposure to ozone, following the Criegee mechanism. Here,...
Commonly found in atmospheric aerosols, cooking oils, and human sebum, unsaturated lipids rapidly decay upon exposure to ozone, following the Criegee mechanism. Here, the gas-surface ozonolysis of three oleic acid-based compounds was studied in a reactor and indoors. Under dry conditions, quantitative product analyses by H NMR indicate up to 79% molar yield of stable secondary ozonides (SOZs) in oxidized triolein and methyl oleate coatings. Elevated relative humidity (RH) significantly suppresses the SOZ yields, enhancing the formation of condensed-phase aldehydes and volatile C9 products. Along with kinetic parameters informed by molecular dynamics simulations, these results were used as constraints in a kinetic multilayer model (KM-GAP) simulating triolein ozonolysis. Covering a wide range of coating thicknesses and ozone levels, the model predicts a much faster decay near the gas-lipid interface compared to the bulk. Although the dependence of RH on SOZ yields is well predicted, the model overestimates the production of HO and aldehydes. With negligible dependence on RH, the product composition for oxidized oleic acid is substantially affected by a competitive reaction between Criegee intermediates (CIs) and carboxylic acids. The resulting α-acyloxyalkyl hydroperoxides (α-AAHPs) have much higher molar yields (29-38%) than SOZs (12-16%). Overall, the ozone-lipid chemistry could affect the indoor environment through "crust" accumulation on surfaces and volatile organic compound (VOC) emission. In the atmosphere, the peroxide formation and changes in particle hygroscopicity may have effects on climate. The related health impacts are also discussed.
Topics: Aldehydes; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Oleic Acid; Ozone; Triolein
PubMed: 35671499
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01163 -
Nanoscale Horizons Aug 2022A variety of colloidal chemical approaches has been developed in the last few decades for the controlled synthesis of nanostructured materials in either water or organic... (Review)
Review
A variety of colloidal chemical approaches has been developed in the last few decades for the controlled synthesis of nanostructured materials in either water or organic solvents. Besides the precursors, the solvents, reducing agents, and the choice of surfactants are crucial for tuning the composition, morphology and other properties of the resulting nanoparticles. The ligands employed include thiols, amines, carboxylic acids, phosphines and phosphine oxides. Generally, adding a single ligand to the reaction mixture is not always adequate to yield the desired features. In this review, we discuss in detail the role of the oleic acid/oleylamine ligand pair in the chemical synthesis of nanoparticles. The combined use of these ligands belonging to two different categories of molecules aims to control the size and shape of nanoparticles and prevent their aggregation, not only during their synthesis but also after their dispersion in a carrier solvent. We show how the different binding strengths of these two molecules and their distinct binding modes on specific facets affect the reaction kinetics toward the production of nanostructures with tailored characteristics. Additional functions, such as the reducing function, are also noted, especially for oleylamine. Sometimes, the carboxylic acid will react with the alkylamine to form an acid-base complex, which may serve as a binary capping agent and reductant; however, its reducing capacity may range from lower to much lower than that of oleylamine. The types of nanoparticles synthesized in the simultaneous presence of oleic acid and oleylamine and discussed herein include metal oxides, metal chalcogenides, metals, bimetallic structures, perovskites, upconversion particles and rare earth-based materials. Diverse morphologies, ranging from spherical nanoparticles to anisotropic, core-shell and hetero-structured configurations are presented. Finally, the relation between tuning the resulting surface and volume nanoparticle properties and the relevant applications is highlighted.
Topics: Amines; Ligands; Nanoparticles; Oleic Acid; Oxides; Solvents
PubMed: 35770698
DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00111j -
Food Chemistry Sep 2022The physicochemical properties and interactions of the complex of oleic acid (OA) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were studied by experimental and computational methods....
The physicochemical properties and interactions of the complex of oleic acid (OA) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were studied by experimental and computational methods. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction confirmed the successful preparation of OA/β-CD inclusion complex. The stability of the complex was improved, exhibiting a 61.2 °C higher degradation temperature and a lower peroxide value than OA. Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies revealed that the carboxyl group of OA entered into the β-CD cavity to form hydrogen bonds, which was confirmed by conformational search and weak interactions analysis. Dispersion energy from van der Waals (-290.79 kJ/mol) contributed 87.3% to total interaction energy (-253.88 kJ/mol). Topological analysis showed that four moderate hydrogen bonds were formed between OA and β-CD with the bond energy ranging from -76.05 to -30.25 kJ/mol. This work provided theoretical basis for the development of nutritional supplements containing unsaturated fatty acids encapsulated by β-CD.
Topics: Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Models, Theoretical; Oleic Acid; Solubility; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; X-Ray Diffraction; beta-Cyclodextrins
PubMed: 35417841
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132910 -
International Journal of Pharmaceutics Feb 2022Numerous clinical observations indicate that, despite novel therapeutic approaches, a high percentage of melanoma patients is non-responder or suffers of severe...
Numerous clinical observations indicate that, despite novel therapeutic approaches, a high percentage of melanoma patients is non-responder or suffers of severe drug-related toxicity. To overcome these problems, we considered the option of designing, preparing and characterizing nanoemulsions and niosomes containing oleic acid, a pH-sensitive monounsaturated fatty acid holding per se an antimetastatic and anti-inflammatory role in melanoma. These new nanostructures will allow in vivo administration of oleic acid, otherwise toxic in its free form. For pulmonary route chitosan, a mucoadhesive agent, was enclosed in these nanocarriers to improve residence time at the lung site. A deep physical and chemical characterization was carried out evaluating size, ζ -potential, microviscosity, polarity as well as stability over time and in culture media. Moreover, their pH-sensitivity was evaluated by fluorometric assay. Cytotoxicity and cellular uptake were assessed in cultured normal fibroblasts and human melanoma cell lines. Interestingly, results obtained confirm nanocarrier stability and pH-sensitivity, associated to absence of cell toxicity, efficient cellular uptake and retention. Therefore, these new pH-sensitive oleic acid-based nanostructures could represent, by combining drug delivery in a pH-dependent manner with the antimetastatic potential of this fatty acid, a powerful strategy for more specific medicine against metastatic melanoma.
Topics: Drug Carriers; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Melanoma; Nanoparticles; Oleic Acid
PubMed: 34923052
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121391 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2023Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the primary chronic liver disease worldwide, mainly manifested by hepatic steatosis. Hepatic lipids may be derived from...
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the primary chronic liver disease worldwide, mainly manifested by hepatic steatosis. Hepatic lipids may be derived from dietary intake, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) uptake, or hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL). Currently, cellular and animal models of hepatocellular steatosis are widely used to study the pathogenesis of NAFLD and to investigate therapeutic agents. However, whether there are differences between the in vivo and in vitro models of the mechanisms that cause lipid accumulation has not been reported. We used OA/PA-induced NCTC 1469 cells and high-fat-diet-fed C57BL/6J mice to simulate a hepatocyte steatosis model of NAFLD and to detect indicators related to FFA uptake and DNL. In addition, when serological indicators were analysed in the mouse model, it was found that serum FASN levels decreased. The results revealed that, in the cellular model, indicators related to DNL were decreased, FASN enzyme activity was unchanged, and indicators related to FFA uptake were increased, including the high expression of CD36; while, in the animal model, indicators related to both FFA uptake and de novo synthesis were increased, including the high expression of CD36 and the increased protein levels of FASN with enhanced enzyme activity. In addition, after an analysis of the serological indicators in the mouse model, it was found that the serum levels of FASN were reduced. In conclusion, the OA/PA-induced cellular model can be used to study the mechanism of FFA uptake, whereas the high-fat-diet-induced mouse model can be used to study the mechanism of FFA uptake and DNL. Combined treatment with CD36 and FASN may be more effective against NAFLD. FASN in the serum can be used as one of the indicators for the clinical diagnosis of NAFLD.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Oleic Acid; Palmitic Acid; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Diet, High-Fat; Hepatocytes; Disease Models, Animal; CD36 Antigens; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
PubMed: 37764494
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186714