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Avian Pathology : Journal of the W.V.P.A Feb 2022[H. Kurth, 1883. Ueber , eine neue Bakterienart. , 1, 97-100] was isolated on 10 unrelated laying hen farms over a period of 15 months. Farmers reported elevated...
[H. Kurth, 1883. Ueber , eine neue Bakterienart. , 1, 97-100] was isolated on 10 unrelated laying hen farms over a period of 15 months. Farmers reported elevated morbidity and mortality rates, and suspected colibacillosis based on the necropsy findings. The most frequently found lesions were perihepatitis, fibrinous peritonitis, salpingitis and oophoritis. Necropsy findings and bacteriological results allowed the diagnosis of colibacillosis. In addition, was isolated from the ovarian follicles (44.44%), liver (22.22%), peritoneum (16.67%), bone marrow (5.56%), spleen (5.56%), and duodenum (5.56%). On all farms, coinfection with was detected, while on some farms other common avian pathogens were found as well. In total, 18 strains were identified and phylogenetically analysed based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences. The results showed some variability of the strains originating from the same farm, although the overall phylogenetic diversity was low, regardless of the geographical location of the farm, age of the flock or date of collection. Embryo lethality assay showed is not able to cause a primary infection. We conclude that may play a role as an opportunistic pathogen for poultry. This is the first report of coinfection of and in laying hens. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS is a novel opportunistic pathogen in poultry.Phylogenetic analysis showed low genetic diversity of isolates.Embryo lethality assay showed does not cause primary infections.
Topics: Animals; Chickens; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Phylogeny; Planococcaceae; Poultry; Poultry Diseases; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 34662527
DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2021.1993132 -
Cureus Apr 2023Anti-ovarian antibodies (AOAs) have been linked to autoimmune premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). This report details a case in which a patient experienced transient...
Anti-ovarian antibodies (AOAs) have been linked to autoimmune premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). This report details a case in which a patient experienced transient POI after a COVID-19 infection and tested positive for AOA. After treatment with oral contraceptives and subsequent high-dose oral corticosteroids, the patient underwent fertility treatment with in vitro fertilization (IVF). A total of 23 oocytes were retrieved. Two euploid blastocysts and three untested blastocysts were successfully created. This report hypothesizes the connection between autoimmune POI, AOA, and COVID-19. Conflicting data have been reported linking COVID-19 and ovarian injury. However, it is suggested that COVID-19 transiently impacts the menstrual cycle and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels. Treatment to overcome poor ovarian response due to AOA has not been adequately determined; however, similar autoimmune conditions have been successfully treated with corticosteroids.
PubMed: 37182044
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37379 -
The Veterinary Quarterly Dec 2020is a Gram-negative bacterium of the family that resides normally in the respiratory and reproductive tracts in poultry. It is a major cause of oophoritis, salpingitis,... (Review)
Review
is a Gram-negative bacterium of the family that resides normally in the respiratory and reproductive tracts in poultry. It is a major cause of oophoritis, salpingitis, and peritonitis, decreases egg production and mortality in hens thereby severely affecting animal welfare and overall productivity by poultry industries across Europe, Asia, America, and Africa. In addition, it has the ability to infect wider host range including domesticated and free-ranging avian hosts as well as mammalian hosts such as cattle, pigs and human. Evaluating the common virulence factors including outer membrane vesicles, fimbriae, capsule, metalloproteases, biofilm formation, hemagglutinin, and determining novel factors such as the RTX-like toxin GtxA, elongation factor-Tu, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) has pathobiological, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic significance. Treating this bacterial pathogen with traditional antimicrobial drugs is discouraged owing to the emergence of widespread multidrug resistance, whereas the efficacy of preventing this disease by classical vaccines is limited due to its antigenic diversity. It will be necessary to acquire in-depth knowledge on important virulence factors, pathogenesis and, concerns of rising antibiotic resistance, improvised treatment regimes, and novel vaccine candidates to effectively tackle this pathogen. This review substantially describes the etio-epidemiological aspects of infection in poultry, and updates the recent development in understanding the pathogenesis, organism evolution and therapeutic and prophylactic approaches to counter infection for safeguarding the welfare and health of poultry.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Vaccines; Pasteurellaceae; Pasteurellaceae Infections; Poultry; Poultry Diseases
PubMed: 31902298
DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2020.1712495 -
Cureus Dec 2022Mumps is an acute viral illness occurring in children and young adults transmitted via droplets. It is a vaccine-preventable illness caused by the mumps virus, an RNA...
Mumps is an acute viral illness occurring in children and young adults transmitted via droplets. It is a vaccine-preventable illness caused by the mumps virus, an RNA (ribonucleic acid) virus belonging to theParamyxoviridaefamily. It typically presents with fever, parotitis, epididymo-orchitis, oophoritis, meningitis, encephalitis, pancreatitis and arthritis. Although viremia with multiorgan involvement is known to be commonly seen in mumps, there have been no reported cases of splenic abscess in a case of mumps. Here we present the case of a 16-year-old girl with unknown vaccination history who presented with fever, rash, bilateral parotid swelling, myocarditis, pneumonitis with pleural effusion and shock. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for mumps Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody was positive (ratio: 7.26, reference: 1.10). She was managed conservatively with parenteral antibiotics, oxygen, inotropic support and bronchodilators. As she complained of abdominal pain in the left hypochondrium on the 13th day since onset of symptoms, ultrasound scan of abdomen was done which showed a hypoechoic lesion with internal echoes in the inferior pole of spleen (2.9 cm x 2.2 cm) suggestive of splenic abscess. Computed tomography (CT) of abdomen confirmed similar findings. The splenic abscess completely regressed with parenteral antibiotics. Therefore, one must suspect splenic abscess in a case of mumps when the presentation includes abdominal pain and tenderness so that appropriate treatment may be provided for the best outcome for the patient.
PubMed: 36733790
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33195 -
Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland :... 2022The aim: To determine the current prevalence of healthcare-associated tubo-ovarian infections in female and antimicrobial resistance of the responsible pathogens in...
OBJECTIVE
The aim: To determine the current prevalence of healthcare-associated tubo-ovarian infections in female and antimicrobial resistance of the responsible pathogens in Ukraine.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study was based on healthcare-associated infections surveillance data. Definitions of health¬care-associated tubo-ovarian infections were used from the CDC/ NHSN. The susceptibility to antibiotics was determined by disk diffusion method according to the EUCAST.
RESULTS
Results: Among all the 1,528 of women in this study, the prevalence of healthcare-associated tubo-ovarian infections was 31.2%. Of these cases, Salpingitis, Oophoritis, and tubo-ovarian abscess were 47.5%, 34% and 18.5%, respectively. Of all cases tubo-ovarian infections in female, 74.7% were detected after hospital discharge. The predominant pathogens were: Escherichia coli (27.7%), Enterobacter spp. (12.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (8.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.1%), and Enterococcus faecalis (7.5%), followed by Proteus mirabilis (5.1%), Streptococcus spp. (4.5%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.4%), and Acinetibacter spp. (4%). Methicillin-resistance was ob¬served in 16.8% of S. aureus (MRSA). No strains S.aureus and E. faecalis resistant to vancomycin. The overall proportion of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) production among Enterobacteriaceae was 24.7%. The prevalence of ESBL production among E. coli isolates was 28.6% and among K. pneumoniae 12.8%. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was observed in 14.9% E.coli and 11.3% K. pneumoniae isolates. Carbapenem resistance was identified in 11.3% of P.aeruginosa isolates.
CONCLUSION
Conclusions: A healthcare-associated tubo-ovarian infections of the female in Ukraine is a common occurrence and many cases are caused by pathogens that are resistant to antibiotics.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carbapenems; Cephalosporins; Cohort Studies; Cross Infection; Delivery of Health Care; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Female; Humans; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Methicillin; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus; Ukraine; Vancomycin; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 36129086
DOI: 10.36740/WLek202208211 -
Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland :... 2023The aim: To determine the role of infectious diseases as the cause of the Cervical, Ovarian and Breast hyperplasia in Ukraine.
OBJECTIVE
The aim: To determine the role of infectious diseases as the cause of the Cervical, Ovarian and Breast hyperplasia in Ukraine.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study from January 1st, 2020 to December 31st, 2022. This study included patients aged 20-59 years with a diagnosis of hyperproliferative pathology of the women reproductive organs without atypia, who sought medical care for hyperplastic processes admitted to the 12 hospitals from 9 regions of Ukraine.
RESULTS
Results: We had examined 4,713 women; out of which 81.1% met the clinical definition of female reproductive organs hyperplasia. Of all hyperplasia cases, most frequently recorded types were breast hyperplasia (41,7%), followed by cervical hyperplasia (31,1%) and ovarian hyperplasia (27,2%). History of Cervicitis (p<0.001), Vaginal cuff infection (p<0.001), Oophoritis (p<0.001), and Mastitis (p<0.001) were identified as independent risk factors of Cervical, Ovarian and Breast hyperplasia.
CONCLUSION
Conclusions: This study showed that surgical site infections after obstetric and gynecological operations are is the cause of Cervical, Ovarian and Breast hyperplasia. Therefore, early detection and treatment SSIs can reduce the risk of hyperplasia these organs.
Topics: Pregnancy; Humans; Female; Cohort Studies; Hyperplasia; Ukraine; Risk Factors; Breast Neoplasms
PubMed: 37057766
DOI: 10.36740/WLek202303101 -
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi Dec 2021A 25-year-old woman was admitted to Peking Union Medical Hospital presented with arthralgia for 5 years, amenorrhea for 16 months, and speech disorder for 3 months. This...
A 25-year-old woman was admitted to Peking Union Medical Hospital presented with arthralgia for 5 years, amenorrhea for 16 months, and speech disorder for 3 months. This patient has been afflicted by intermittent pain in metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of both hands for 5 years. Her menstruation has been irregular 1 year ago and rapidly progressed to amenorrhea. Laboratory tests revealed postmenopausal sex hormones levels (estradiol<5 ng/L, follicle-stimulating hormone 62.5 IU/L, luteinizing hormone 58.71 IU/L) and no antral follicles were seen in gynecologic ultrasound. She was diagnosed with premature ovarian failure and treated with hormone replacement therapy, still with no ovulation. Numbness and weakness of right arm has recurrently occurred to her 4 months ago, and persistent weakness of right limbs combined with motor speech disorder occurred 1 month later. Magnetic resonance angiography was suggestive of ischemic stroke. Hormone replacement therapy was discontinued. Comprehensive laboratory tests revealed positive anti-dsDNA, anti-SSA/SSB, anticardiolipin and anti-βGPⅠ antibodies. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) was diagnosed. Since no drug with gonadal toxicity had been applied to the patient before, her amenorrhea was considered to be due to autoimmune oophoritis secondary to SLE. After treated with high-dose glucocorticoid, mycophenolate mofetil and hydroxychloroquine for 4 months, her menstruation recurred and regularly occurred till now. In some cases, amenorrhea in SLE patient might be resulted from autoimmune oophoritis associated with lupus flare, instead of use of drug with gonadal toxicity.
Topics: Adult; Amenorrhea; Aphasia; Arthralgia; Female; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Symptom Flare Up
PubMed: 34856695
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20210425-00308 -
The Journal of Infectious Diseases Aug 2021While infection by Neisseria gonorrhoeae is often asymptomatic in women, undetected infections can ascend into the upper genital tract to elicit an inflammatory response... (Review)
Review
While infection by Neisseria gonorrhoeae is often asymptomatic in women, undetected infections can ascend into the upper genital tract to elicit an inflammatory response that manifests as pelvic inflammatory disease, with the outcomes depending on the intensity and duration of inflammation and whether it is localized to the endometrial, fallopian tube, ovarian, and/or other tissues. This review examines the contribution of N. gonorrhoeae versus other potential causes of pelvic inflammatory disease by considering new insights gained through molecular, immunological, and microbiome-based analyses, and the current epidemiological burden of infection, with an aim to highlighting key areas for future study.
Topics: Chlamydia Infections; Endometritis; Endometrium; Fallopian Tubes; Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
PubMed: 34396410
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab227 -
Cureus Nov 2020Introduction Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a spectrum of illness ranging from mild illness to more severe forms including tubo-ovarian abscess, hydrosalpinx,...
Introduction Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a spectrum of illness ranging from mild illness to more severe forms including tubo-ovarian abscess, hydrosalpinx, pyosalpinx, oophoritis (THPO). The objective of the study was to report rates and clinical characteristics of females presenting to the ED with a diagnosis of THPO in relationship to the presence or absence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Methods A database of ED patient encounters occurring from April 18, 2014, to March 7, 2017 was created. Analysis of women diagnosed with THPO and who had testing for gonorrhea, chlamydia, or trichomonas by nucleic acid amplification testing or who had a vaginal wet preparation was performed. Patient demographics, ED diagnoses, laboratory tests, medications administered in the ED, and medications prescribed were examined. Categorical variables were summarized as count and percentages and analyzed using the Chi-square test. Continuous variables were summarized as the mean and standard deviation and analyzed using the t-test. All statistical tests were two-sided with a significance level of 0.05. Results THPO was diagnosed in 0.3% (56/17,905) of patient encounters. There were 50% (28/56) of women with THPO admitted to the hospital. There were 25.0% (12/48) women who received a positive test result for , , and/or . Women with THPO were significantly older, more likely to be infected with gonorrhea, and more likely to be diagnosed with sepsis and PID (P<.05 for all). Conclusions THPO is an infrequently encountered entity in the ED. A diagnosis of STI, PID, and sepsis can accompany these presentations. Although an uncommon diagnosis, ED providers must be attentive to patients presenting with pelvic symptoms that could be consistent with THPO to mitigate any complications that may arise and to direct the appropriate treatment.
PubMed: 33376658
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11647 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Jun 2023Cytomegalovirus (CMV) oophoritis is an extremely rare and fatal condition. We encountered a 63-year-old woman with CMV oophoritis who had been treated for Burkitt's... (Review)
Review
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) oophoritis is an extremely rare and fatal condition. We encountered a 63-year-old woman with CMV oophoritis who had been treated for Burkitt's lymphoma. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography performed after chemotherapy showed a high F-fluoro-2deoxy-D-glucose uptake in both ovaries, which required distinguishing relapse. CMV oophoritis was diagnosed on histology following bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Although the patient later developed recurrent episodes of CMV antigenemia, after which complications of CMV retinitis appeared, and she ultimately died of CMV meningitis, surgical resection with antiviral medication resolved her abdominal symptoms and cleared CMV antigenemia for several weeks. It is therefore worth considering surgical resection in combination with antiviral drugs as a treatment option.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Burkitt Lymphoma; Cytomegalovirus; Oophoritis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus Infections
PubMed: 36261376
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0517-22