-
International Orthodontics Mar 2021To determine the relationship between AOB and factors such as dental arch dimensions and tongue position during swallowing and phonation.
Anterior open bite and its relationship with dental arch dimensions and tongue position during swallowing and phonation in individuals aged 8-16 years: A retrospective case-control study.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the relationship between AOB and factors such as dental arch dimensions and tongue position during swallowing and phonation.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A case-control study was performed in two groups: 132 children with Anterior Open Bite (AOB) and 132 with normal vertical overbite (NVO), aged 8-16 years selected from the records taken by a previous study from five public schools. Dental arch dimensions were assessed through digitalized study models. Swallowing was evaluated using the Payne technique, and phoniatric assessment included an adaptation of the articulation test used to describe phonemes.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Chi-Square or Fisher's exact test for comparisons between qualitative variables and the Mann Whitney or T-student were applied to compare the dental arch dimensions according to bite type. A logistic regression model was applied to control the effect of confusion between independent variables and to describe its simultaneous effect on the type of bite.
RESULTS
Intercanine, interpremolar and intermolar widths showed higher values in AOB patients with a mean deviation (MD) of 0.536 (P=0.031), 0.60 (P=0.043) and 1.15, (P<0.001) respectively. Distortions caused by tongue interposition and thrust, tongue protrusion during swallowing, mandibular arch intermolar width, total maxillary arch length, maxillary arch perimeter, and posterior arch depth accounted for 64.6% of AOB and allowed for correct predictions in 83.8% of the cases observed in the study population.
CONCLUSIONS
A significant association between tongue position and function, as well as alterations such as tongue interposition and thrust during swallowing and phonation in individuals with AOB, were observed. There is a relationship between AOB and the presence of a wider mandibular arch and a narrower, longer, and deeper maxillary arch.
Topics: Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Child; Colombia; Deglutition; Dental Arch; Female; Humans; Male; Malocclusion; Maxilla; Open Bite; Phonation; Retrospective Studies; Schools; Tongue
PubMed: 33518486
DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2020.12.005 -
Cureus Jun 2023Digit sucking and tongue thrusting are parafunctional habits that are commonly observed and are recognized as major etiological factors in the development of dental...
Digit sucking and tongue thrusting are parafunctional habits that are commonly observed and are recognized as major etiological factors in the development of dental malocclusion. Treatment for these oral habits typically involves removal of the etiology, retraining exercises, and use of mechanical restraining appliances. A 13-year-old male patient reported a complaint of forwardly placed upper front teeth. The extraoral examination of the patient showed a convex profile, good facial symmetry, acute nasolabial angle, incompetent lips at rest, and a shallow mentolabial sulcus. Intraoral examination showed class I molar and canine relations on either side, a mild open bite tendency, a midline diastema, proclined upper and lower anteriors, an increased overjet, and tongue thrusting habit. A modification to the tongue crib was made by adding an acrylic bead in the center of the crib. The patient was trained to roll the bead posteriorly with the aim of retraining the tongue to posture away from the front teeth. Harmful forces of the tongue can result in excessive posterior teeth eruption, open bite, and increased overjet. Duration of appliance wear and type of appliance used are important considerations in treating patients with tongue thrust or open bite. A modified tongue crib was used for six months resulting in significant improvement in maxillary anterior dentition position, lip competence, arch forms, overbite, and midline diastema closure. A tongue crib is a useful tool for addressing tongue thrusting and digit-sucking behaviors by retraining the related muscles, providing physical restraint, and serving as a reminder to break the habit. It can be used in conjunction with a fixed appliance to improve its effectiveness.
PubMed: 37461777
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40518 -
Dental Traumatology : Official... Apr 2021The literature does not clearly state whether the type of malocclusion is associated with a specific type of trauma and the severity of the injury. Hence, the aim of...
BACKGROUND/AIMS
The literature does not clearly state whether the type of malocclusion is associated with a specific type of trauma and the severity of the injury. Hence, the aim of this retrospective study was to assess the occlusal condition in children with traumatic dental injuries of the primary teeth, and the association between the occlusal characteristics and the type and severity of these injuries.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Data were collected from records of children treated at a dental trauma center in Brazil over a period of 16 years. The data included age, gender, etiology of the trauma, place of occurrence, number of affected teeth, type of trauma, and injury severity. The occlusal condition was assessed by a trained dentist using photographs of the patients from their first visit. Chi-square tests and Poisson regression were used for data analyses.
RESULTS
This study included 209 patients, and most were aged between 2-4 years (50.55%). Multivariate regression analysis showed that children with an anterior open bite had a 47% higher prevalence of severe trauma than those who did not have an anterior open bite, and those with class II canines had a 56% higher prevalence of severe trauma than those with class I and III canines. Children with an anterior open bite had a 46% higher prevalence of injuries affecting multiple teeth than those without an anterior open bite.
CONCLUSIONS
Anterior open bite and class II canine relationship were associated with a higher prevalence of severe traumatic dental injury in primary teeth, and anterior open bite was associated with trauma affecting multiple teeth.
Topics: Brazil; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Malocclusion; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 33185027
DOI: 10.1111/edt.12615 -
L' Orthodontie Francaise Jun 2021Posterior open bite is a malocclusion characterized by the absence of vertical contacts between the occlusal surfaces of the posterior teeth of the opposing arches. It...
Posterior open bite is a malocclusion characterized by the absence of vertical contacts between the occlusal surfaces of the posterior teeth of the opposing arches. It can be uni- or bilateral and involve one tooth or more. Several aetiologies of these posterior open bite have been described, including pathological eruptions, dento-maxillary dysmorphosis and temporo-mandibular dysfunctions. When considering a correction or compensation, there are several therapeutic options (orthodontic and/or surgical and/or prosthetic). Recent developments in adhesive dentistry (bonding biomaterials, ceramics and composites) have made possible the development of more conservative approach for restorative and prosthetic treatments. In order to understand the possible use of these restorations and the help it can provide in our treatment plan, we have selected three original clinical situations. Each one illustrated a posterior open bite aetiology and explained the rehabilitation strategies chosen (process of decision making and realization). Partial bonded restorations (direct composites, overlays, tabletops, veenerlays) can be considered to compensate open bite, in case of impossibility, failure or as a complement of orthodontic treatments. Additive equilibration is not described in the literature for the compensation of posterior open bite, despite the many functional advantages along a simple and conservative technique.
Topics: Humans; Malocclusion; Maxilla; Open Bite
PubMed: 34279230
DOI: 10.1684/orthodfr.2021.48 -
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2022Oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is defined as the impact of oral health on activities of daily living. Malocclusions are a public health problem with a high...
UNLABELLED
Oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is defined as the impact of oral health on activities of daily living. Malocclusions are a public health problem with a high prevalence. Different studies have concluded that malocclusions negatively affect OHRQoL in patients of all ages. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of having an anterior open bite on the OHRQoL of adult patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A case-control study (1:1) was carried out with a sample size of 80 adults at the University of Salamanca in 2021. The case group ( = 40) was made up of patients with an anterior open bite, and the control group ( = 40) contained patients without an anterior open bite. OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire. The influences of gender and age on the OHRQoL of the patients were also analyzed.
RESULTS
There were no significant differences in gender or age between the case and control groups. An anterior open bite was not found to influence the OHRQoL of adult patients. Age was not shown to significantly influence OHRQoL. Female patients with an anterior open bite had higher scores in the handicap domain of the OHIP-14 questionnaire compared with male patients ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Anterior open bite can influence the OHRQoL of orthodontic patients. Gender can be considered an influencing factor.
PubMed: 35052294
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010129 -
American Journal of Orthodontics and... Oct 2022The objectives of this study were to analyze and quantify molar intrusion after the use of clear aligners and to analyze the relationship with other variables such as...
INTRODUCTION
The objectives of this study were to analyze and quantify molar intrusion after the use of clear aligners and to analyze the relationship with other variables such as age, duration of treatment, and a series of cephalometric osseous and dental measurements at the start of treatment.
METHODS
A retrospective descriptive-analytical study was designed with a sample of 58 patients aged 18-60 years who had undergone treatment with Invisalign. The cephalometric measurements were carried out after lateral x-rays were taken of the cranium; these were compared at the start (T0) and conclusion of treatment. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used to compare means, whereas Pearson correlations and multivariate lineal regression analyses were used to establish the variables associated with molar intrusion.
RESULTS
Approximately 74.2% of the patients presented some degree of molar intrusion after treatment. Furthermore, 32.8% of patients presented intrusion only at the mandibular molar, whereas 25.9% experienced intrusion at both molars, maxillary and mandibular, simultaneously. However, 15.5% presented intrusion only at the maxillary molar. The average magnitude of intrusion here was 0.98 ± 0.54 mm, whereas the mandibular molar was 0.84 ± 0.29 mm. Statistically significant reductions exist for the distance L6_MP and U6_SN between T0 and at conclusion of treatment. Maxillary molar intrusion correlates negatively with mandibular molar intrusion (r = -0.270). The number of days of treatment did not correlate with either maxillary or mandibular molar intrusion.
CONCLUSIONS
Clear aligners give rise to molar intrusion in 74.2% of patients. The cephalometric variables L6_MP T0, mandibular plane angle T0, and facial axis T0 were negatively and significantly associated with maxillary molar intrusion, whereas age and facial axis T0 were negatively associated with mandibular molar intrusion allowing smaller magnitudes of intrusion to be predicted when these variables present high values at T0.
Topics: Cephalometry; Humans; Maxilla; Molar; Open Bite; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable; Retrospective Studies; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 35305889
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.03.019 -
Frontiers in Psychiatry 2023Drug-induced open bite is one of the extrapyramidal symptoms with abnormal tonus of muscles and is rarely recognized in dentistry. This is a retrospective case study to...
INTRODUCTION
Drug-induced open bite is one of the extrapyramidal symptoms with abnormal tonus of muscles and is rarely recognized in dentistry. This is a retrospective case study to investigate clinical characteristics including detailed complaints in patients with drug-induced open bite.
METHODS
Of the outpatients who first visited the psychosomatic dental clinic at the Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital between September 2013 and September 2022, the patients diagnosed with drug-induced open bite were involved in this study. The clinical characteristics including sex, age, detailed complaints, duration of illness, abnormal findings, psychotropic medications, and other medications that were taken at the first examination, psychiatric comorbidities, the duration of psychiatric diseases, and other medical histories were collected retrospectively by reviewing their medical chart.
RESULTS
Drug-induced open bite was found in 11 patients [women: 7, men: 4, median of age: 49 (36.5, 53) years old]. Difficulty in eating especially chewing was the major complaint (9/11, 81.6%) with the duration of illness as 48.0 (16.5, 66) months. Various degrees of open bite were observed. While some showed no occlusal contact on frontal teeth, some showed occlusal contact only on the second molars; moreover, the jaw showed a horizontal slide in a few patients. Three cases could be followed up for prognosis; while in one case the drug-induced open bite improved with 6 months of follow-up, two cases did not improve, and one showed extrusion of molars. All of them had psychiatric comorbidities with the most common diagnosis being schizophrenia ( = 5) and depression ( = 5) followed by insomnia ( = 1) and autism spectrum disorder ( = 1) including duplicated diagnosis. Nine patients (81.6%) had been undergoing treatment with antipsychotics of which three patients were also taking antidepressants.
DISCUSSION
Although a drug-induced open bite is a rare symptom, prudent medical interviews about symptoms, psychiatric comorbidities, and psychotropic medication history besides oral assessment are necessary to provide a precise diagnosis and appropriate management in collaboration between dentists and psychiatrists.
PubMed: 37056404
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1137917 -
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral... Dec 2023The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term success rate of combined surgical-orthodontic therapy of skeletal anterior open bite.
INTRODUCTION
The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term success rate of combined surgical-orthodontic therapy of skeletal anterior open bite.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 11 patients with an anterior open bite treated with a combined surgical-orthodontic therapy were retrospectively analysed via lateral cephalometric radiographs and models before treatment, 7-10 days after surgery (T1), one year post-operatively (T2) and two years post-operatively (T3).
RESULTS
Ten patients continued to experience a positive overbite at T2. This decreased to 8 at T3. Three patients experienced relapse and had a negative overbite at T3. The average pre-treatment overbite was greater in the positive overbite group compared to the relapse group. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed a correlation between preoperative maxilla-mandibular plane angle (MMPA) with the overall change in overbite. Friedman's test followed by Bonferroni post-hoc analysis was carried out to identify any statistical significance.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, combined surgical-orthodontic treatment achieves good results for anterior open bite. Patients with a high pre-operative MMPA have a higher risk of relapse. Lower anterior facial height ratio to total anterior facial height (LAFH/TAFH) and the amount of impaction do not significantly contribute to the risk of relapse. Long-term stability of overbite for anterior open bite patients should be around 75%.
PubMed: 38105834
DOI: 10.1007/s12663-021-01642-w -
Comprehensive Post Orthognathic Surgery Orthodontics: Complications, Misconceptions, and Management.Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics... Feb 2020Post orthognathic surgery patient management is critical for high-quality and predictable outcomes. Surgeons and orthodontists must have the knowledge and ability to... (Review)
Review
Post orthognathic surgery patient management is critical for high-quality and predictable outcomes. Surgeons and orthodontists must have the knowledge and ability to implement postsurgical management protocols and strategies to provide the best care and outcomes possible. This article presents basic concepts, philosophies, treatment protocols, risks, and potential complications associated with postsurgical patient management. Postsurgical orthodontic goals are to maximize the occlusal fit and provide predictable means to retain the occlusion. Aggressive orthodontic mechanics may be required to provide the best occlusal fit. Complications can occur, but early recognition of complications and implementation of corrective tactics should minimize adverse outcomes.
Topics: Cephalometry; Humans; Orthodontics; Orthodontics, Corrective; Orthognathic Surgery; Orthognathic Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 31685347
DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2019.09.003 -
The Angle Orthodontist Jan 2024To introduce and validate newly designed computer software to aid in the diagnosis of anterior open bite (AOB).
OBJECTIVES
To introduce and validate newly designed computer software to aid in the diagnosis of anterior open bite (AOB).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The software was constructed based on the algorithm of a standardized open bite checklist, which considered skeletal, dental, and soft tissue components, as well as smile characteristics. Feeding the software with this input yielded a digital form output (DFO) in the guise of a diagnostic report characterizing the AOB phenotype, contributing components, severity, associated problems, and functional factors. For validation, DFO was compared to a conventional form output (CFO), created in a standardized manner according to expert opinions. Agreement between the DFO and CFO in terms of AOB phenotype was the primary outcome, while the secondary outcome was the number of missing diagnostic components in either method.
RESULTS
Percentage of agreement between CFO and DFO was 82.2%, with a kappa coefficient of 0.78, which is considered a good level of agreement. There was a statistically significant relationship between the number of missing diagnostic components in CFO and level of disagreement, which rendered the DFO more reliable.
CONCLUSIONS
Newly constructed software represents an efficient and valid diagnostic tool for AOB and its contributing components. There was good agreement between CFO and DFO, with the latter being more comprehensive and reliable. The algorithm built in the software can be used as the basis for a future artificial intelligence model to aid in the diagnosis of AOB.
Topics: Humans; Open Bite; Artificial Intelligence; Checklist; Forecasting
PubMed: 37650552
DOI: 10.2319/032923-225.1