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International Journal of Computerized... Jun 2021The positional accuracy of bracket placement planned through tooth setup vs actual placement was evaluated by means of conventional thermoplastic indirect bonding trays...
AIM
The positional accuracy of bracket placement planned through tooth setup vs actual placement was evaluated by means of conventional thermoplastic indirect bonding trays and customized 3D-printed indirect bonding trays.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 280 bracket positions placed on the crowns of 10 dental plaster models were evaluated. The manual setup method and a thermoplastic indirect bonding tray were used for the manual group. For the CAD/CAM group, the bracket was positioned using a digital setup and a corresponding 3D-printed tray. The positional accuracy of the bracket placement on the duplicated gypsum model using the trays was evaluated by means of 3D software. Six errors of bracket position (height, depth, mesiodistal, torque, rotation, and tip errors), including linear and angular errors, were measured. Differences in variables were compared across subgroups using the independent t test or the Mann-Whitney U test.
RESULTS
Only the height error differed significantly (P < 0.05) between groups (manual: 0.2 mm; CAD/CAM: 0.12 mm). For both incisors and molars, the manual group showed significantly greater height errors than the CAD/CAM group (P < 0.05). The analysis of variance of the position error to the whole bracket showed statistically significant differences between tooth positions, linear measurements, and angular measurements (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
A 3D-printed indirect bonding tray showed accuracy similar to that of conventional methods for bracket placement, with slightly greater bracket height accuracy. Further studies should strive to improve accuracy in terms of tooth positions.
Topics: Computer-Aided Design; Dental Bonding; Humans; Models, Dental; Orthodontic Brackets; Printing, Three-Dimensional
PubMed: 34085499
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Clinical Orthodontics : JCO May 2024
Topics: Humans; Orthodontic Brackets; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 38917045
DOI: No ID Found -
BioMed Research International 2021Gummetal is a novel multifunctional alloy which possesses distinctive properties with the potential to refine and amend the efficacy of orthodontic treatment. The... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Gummetal is a novel multifunctional alloy which possesses distinctive properties with the potential to refine and amend the efficacy of orthodontic treatment. The objective of this critical literature review was to investigate scientific evidence concerning the mechanical and clinical features of this recently manufactured beta-titanium orthodontic wire.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Electronic databases: PubMed, PMC, Google Scholar, Ovid, and Cochrane Library were searched. Studies investigating the properties of Gummetal orthodontic wire including in vitro and clinical studies were selected, validity was assessed, and data was extracted. The risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias Tool 2.0 in a randomized clinical trial. . Among 322 papers, 13 papers were selected and divided into two groups: prospective double-blinded randomized clinical trial and in vitro studies.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this review should be interpreted with caution because of the heterogeneity of the studies. Only single clinical trial paper was found in the literature. The studies reported different characteristics obtained by various methods; thus, it was difficult to objectively compare the results. Low bending strength, low fatigue limit, and high resilience have been confirmed. Gummetal provides lower force than Nitinol and TMA but higher than Supercable wire. Plastic deformation of Gummetal questions its superelasticity. Friction of Gummetal wire is comparable to SS and CoCr wires. Because of its nontoxic chemical composition, Gummetal might be useful in the initial phase of orthodontic treatment for patients suffering from nickel allergy. Further studies are necessary to assess the usefulness of Gummetal in the clinical practice.
Topics: Alloys; Elastic Modulus; Humans; Orthodontic Brackets; Orthodontic Wires; Tensile Strength; Titanium
PubMed: 33575329
DOI: 10.1155/2021/6611979 -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Jun 2021The present study compared the frictional forces of three types of self-ligating lingual appliances.
AIM AND OBJECTIVE
The present study compared the frictional forces of three types of self-ligating lingual appliances.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The lingual appliances (2D, Forestadent; Alias, Ormco; and Clippy L, Tomy International) consisted of a self-ligating bracket (second premolar) and two self-ligating tubes (first and second molars) bonded to a stainless steel jig and attached to a "drawing-friction tester." Full-size and non-full-size stainless steel archwires were tested, and the static and kinetic friction acting on six lingual appliance/wire combinations was estimated ( = 5). Three-dimensional micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis of each premolar bracket was performed. The frictional forces were compared between the bracket/wire combinations using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests.
RESULTS
The Alias and Clippy L bracket/wire combinations had greater contact between the wire surfaces and bracket slots compared to the 2D bracket/wire combination. For all lingual appliances, the static and kinetic frictional forces were significantly higher for the full-size than non-full-size archwire. The 2D bracket, which had a wider outer wing, had less frictional force than the other appliances. The Alias, which had a narrower outer wing, had a significantly lower frictional force than the Clippy L.
CONCLUSIONS
Frictional force was significantly higher for heavier full-size bracket/archwire combinations than for non-full-size archwires. The 2D bracket had lower frictional force due to its archwire-holding mechanism. The outer wing width may influence the frictional resistance.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The frictional forces of self-ligating lingual appliances vary, and bracket design and archwire size may influence the frictional performance.
Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Stress Analysis; Friction; Humans; Materials Testing; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Orthodontic Brackets; Orthodontic Wires; Stainless Steel; Titanium; X-Ray Microtomography
PubMed: 34393114
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics =... Mar 2022Fabricating resin bases has become an easy and economical method to achieve the customization of brackets. This study aimed to assess the effect of the resin base on...
PURPOSE
Fabricating resin bases has become an easy and economical method to achieve the customization of brackets. This study aimed to assess the effect of the resin base on bonding strength of spherical self-ligating brackets.
METHODS
A defined amount of adhesive was bonded to the bracket base and constituted the new resin base. The thickness of the adhesive was measured and controlled at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm, and a group without a resin base was used as a control. Sixty extracted human premolars were randomly divided into five groups. The brackets in each group were bonded to the specimen, and debonding tests were conducted. The shear bond strength (SBS) was calculated according to the measured debonding force in relation to the base area. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) score and the residual location of the fractured resin base were recorded. Enamel damage was also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. After assessing for data normality and homogeneity, statistical comparisons between the groups and correlations among parameters were determined. P < 0.05 was regarded as significant.
RESULTS
The correlation analysis revealed an inverse correlation between the resin base thickness and the SBS (Coeff = -0.719, P < 0.01). The highest SBS was 9.33 MPa, in the control group, which was significantly greater than the lowest SBS (6.03 MPa), in the 2.0-mm group (P < 0.05). Multiple comparisons analysis revealed no differences in SBS between the 1.0-, 1.5- and 2.0-mm groups. Nonparametric analysis found that only the ARI score in the 0.5-mm group (2.92) was significantly different (P < 0.05) from that in the control group (1.25). As the thickness of the resin base increased, the fractured resin base tended to remain at the bracket base, and the risk of enamel damage decreased.
CONCLUSIONS
As the thickness of the resin base increased, the bonding strength of the spherical bracket decreased. However, the required clinical bonding strength was still satisfied when the thickness was less than 2.0 mm. The existence of a resin base could protect the enamel surface from damage caused by debonding. The customization of spherical brackets by tailoring a resin base can be applied in clinical practice because of the clinically acceptable bonding strength.
Topics: Dental Bonding; Dental Stress Analysis; Humans; Materials Testing; Orthodontic Brackets; Resin Cements; Shear Strength; Stress, Mechanical; Surface Properties
PubMed: 34309700
DOI: 10.1007/s00056-021-00329-8 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Jun 2022The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with riboflavin and curcumin on the shear bond strength (SBS) of the...
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with riboflavin and curcumin on the shear bond strength (SBS) of the orthodontic brackets.
METHOD AND MATERIAL
A total of 45 human premolar teeth were used in this study. All teeth were examined under a stereomicroscope. The samples were divided into 3 groups including no intervention (control group), aPDT with riboflavin and 460 nm LED and aPDT with curcumin and 460 nm LED. After aPDT procedure, orthodontic brackets were bonded to enamel surfaces. Then, the samples were thermocycled for 3000 cycles. The brackets were then debonded using a universal testing machine. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) score was assessed. ANOVA with Post-hoc test was used to compare the SBS values between groups.
RESULTS
The highest SBS mean value was presented in curcumin group (25.95±3.68) whereas, the lowest SBS mean value was observed in riboflavin group (22.19±4.73). The mode of failure was mostly score 1 and score 2 in all groups. There was no significant difference in SBS values and ARI score between groups. Scanning electron microscope images of the curcumin and control groups showed the honey comb structure, while the microscopic view of the riboflavin group lacked this structure and had less porosity and irregularity after etching.
CONCLUSION
Riboflavin and curcumin mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy both have acceptable bond strength of the orthodontic brackets and can be used before bonding to reduce inflammation and elimination of microbial biofilms.
Topics: Adhesives; Anti-Infective Agents; Curcumin; Humans; Materials Testing; Orthodontic Brackets; Photochemotherapy; Riboflavin
PubMed: 35231617
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102787 -
Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista... 2022Nanoparticles (NPs) are insoluble particles with a diameter of fewer than 100 nanometers. Two main methods have been utilized in orthodontic therapy to avoid microbial... (Review)
Review
Nanoparticles (NPs) are insoluble particles with a diameter of fewer than 100 nanometers. Two main methods have been utilized in orthodontic therapy to avoid microbial adherence or enamel demineralization. Certain NPs are included in orthodontic adhesives or acrylic resins (fluorohydroxyapatite, fluorapatite, hydroxyapatite, SiO2, TiO2, silver, nanofillers), and NPs (i.e., a thin layer of nitrogen-doped TiO2 on the bracket surfaces) are coated on the surfaces of orthodontic equipment. Although using NPs in orthodontics may open up modern facilities, prior research looked at antibacterial or physical characteristics for a limited period of time, ranging from one day to several weeks, and the limits of in vitro studies must be understood. The long-term effectiveness of nanotechnology-based orthodontic materials has not yet been conclusively confirmed and needs further study, as well as potential safety concerns (toxic effects) associated with NP size.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Orthodontic Brackets; Orthodontics; Silicon Dioxide; Titanium
PubMed: 35195179
DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.257070 -
The Angle Orthodontist May 2020To investigate content of orthodontic-related videos on YouTube to improve the understanding of orthodontic patients' perceptions and treatment experiences.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate content of orthodontic-related videos on YouTube to improve the understanding of orthodontic patients' perceptions and treatment experiences.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic search was conducted on YouTube on March 20, 2018, and updated on August 4, 2019, to identify all relevant videos using search terms "orthodontic," "orthodontics," "braces," and "orthodontic braces." The data set was captured from YouTube Data API (Application Programming Interface) and stored in an Excel database using a query function written in Python. All videos captured were viewed and categorized by three independent dental investigators using thematic analysis. The top 100 videos (by view count) related to patients' treatment experience were further analyzed using discourse analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 600 orthodontic videos were screened, and 546 were included in the study. Six main themes were identified: (1) individual review of orthodontic treatment (45.8%, n = 250), (2) entertainment (19.8%, n = 108), (3) education (18.3%, n = 100), (4) advertisements (6.6%, n = 36), (5) time lapse of orthodontic treatment (5.3%, n = 29), and (6) do-it-yourself orthodontics (4.2%, n = 23). Of the top 100 videos related to patient's individual review of treatment, patients' main focuses were on pain (24%), problems with chewing and swallowing (12%), and adhesive removal (10%).
CONCLUSIONS
Orthodontic-related YouTube videos are diverse in nature. The most common video category was video providing an individual review of orthodontic treatment experience. Other popular video categories included entertainment, education, and advertisements. A range of do-it-yourself YouTube videos were also identified. YouTube may provide an opportunity for orthodontic professionals to disseminate health information.
Topics: Humans; Orthodontic Brackets; Orthodontics; Social Media; Video Recording
PubMed: 33378439
DOI: 10.2319/082019-542.1 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Nov 2022The assessment of whether different orthodontic pliers used in bracket debonding have different effects on pain and sensitivity experience.
OBJECTIVES
The assessment of whether different orthodontic pliers used in bracket debonding have different effects on pain and sensitivity experience.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-three patients (17 females, 16 males) with metal brackets were included in the study. Compressed air and freshly melted ice water were applied to each tooth (6-6) in upper and lower arch before bracket debonding (T0), just after debonding (T1), and 1 week after debonding (T2). Bracket remover plier (BRP) and Weingart plier (WP) were used to debond brackets. A numeric rating scale (NRS) was used to assess sensitivity for each tooth at T0, T1, and T2. Tooth pain was assessed for each tooth using NRS during bracket debonding.
RESULTS
Statistically higher pain scores were found in teeth U4 (upper first premolar) (p = 0.017) and L6 (lower first molar) (p = 0.026) in Weingart plier group. No statistically significant difference was found during debonding in the other teeth between groups. Statistically high sensitivity score was found at T1 time point in tooth U3 (upper canine) by applying air stimulus in Weingart plier group (p = 0.024). There was no statistically significant difference between the sensitivity scores measured at T2 time point by applying air and cold stimuli between groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Although the debonding pain scores were statistically significant in two teeth and the sensitivity score in one tooth, there was no clinical significance between the two pliers in terms of pain and sensitivity.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Both debonding pliers gave clinically similar results in terms of pain and sensitivity.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Dental Debonding; Orthodontic Brackets; Prospective Studies; Ceramics; Bicuspid; Pain
PubMed: 35776201
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04604-9 -
Journal of Orthodontics Mar 2024The primary aim of this study was to provide a review of the types and frequency of orthodontic brackets, molar bands and orthodontic auxiliaries used for patients... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The primary aim of this study was to provide a review of the types and frequency of orthodontic brackets, molar bands and orthodontic auxiliaries used for patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. The secondary aim was to evaluate the risk of failure of these items during orthognathic surgery.
METHODS
From three Dutch hospitals, 124 adult patients were included in this prospective cohort study. Five independent researchers collected the data during surgery using a specifically created data extraction form. The type of surgery, surgeon, orthodontist and type of orthodontic bracket, molar band or auxiliary were noted for each tooth. To evaluate their failure risk, the following variables were noted: failure and site; and type and cause of failure.
RESULTS
Stainless-steel brackets were the most frequently (75.8%) used bracket type seen in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. Ceramic brackets were seen in 24.2% of the cases and were only applied in the anterior region. Molar bands were present in 58.9% of the patients and mostly with bands on the first molars in combination with bonded tubes on the second molars. In 32.2% of all cases, one or more failures were noted. One-third of all failures were described as detachment of the molar tube on the most posterior molar. Kobayashi ligatures and powerpins showed the highest risk of failure (odds ratio [OR] 3.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.91-7.15). No significant difference in failure rate was found between stainless-steel brackets, molar bands (OR 0.34, 95% CI = 0.08-1.43) and ceramic brackets (OR 0.44, 95% CI = 0.14-1.45).
CONCLUSION
Stainless-steel brackets, ceramic brackets, molar bands and surgical hooks are suitable for orthognathic cases. Kobayashi ligatures and powerpins had a significantly higher risk of failure so are not recommended for temporary intraoperative maxillomandibular fixation (TIO-MMF).
Topics: Adult; Humans; Orthognathic Surgery; Orthodontic Brackets; Prospective Studies; Molar; Steel; Orthodontic Wires; Stainless Steel; Orthodontic Appliance Design
PubMed: 37462079
DOI: 10.1177/14653125231186825