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The American Journal of Surgical... Dec 2019Osteoblastoma and osteoid osteoma together are the most frequent benign bone-forming tumor, arbitrarily separated by size. In some instances, it can be difficult to...
Osteoblastoma and osteoid osteoma together are the most frequent benign bone-forming tumor, arbitrarily separated by size. In some instances, it can be difficult to differentiate osteoblastoma from osteosarcoma. Following our recent description of FOS gene rearrangement in these tumors, the aim of this study is to evaluate the value of immunohistochemistry in osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, and osteosarcoma for diagnostic purposes. A total of 337 cases were tested with antibodies against c-FOS: 84 osteoblastomas, 33 osteoid osteomas, 215 osteosarcomas, and 5 samples of reactive new bone formation. In all, 83% of osteoblastomas and 73% of osteoid osteoma showed significant expression of c-FOS in the osteoblastic tumor cell component. Of the osteosarcomas, 14% showed c-FOS expression, usually focal, and in areas with severe morphologic atypia which were unequivocally malignant: 4% showed more conspicuous expression, but these were negative for FOS gene rearrangement. We conclude that c-FOS immunoreactivity is present in the vast majority of osteoblastoma/osteoid osteoma, whereas its expression is usually focal or patchy, in no more than 14% of osteosarcoma biopsies. Therefore, any bone-forming tumor cases with worrying histologic features would benefit from fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis for FOS gene rearrangement. Our findings highlight the importance of undertaking a thorough assessment of expression patterns of antibodies in the light of morphologic, clinical, and radiologic features.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Biomarkers, Tumor; Bone Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; England; Female; Gene Rearrangement; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoblastoma; Osteoma, Osteoid; Predictive Value of Tests; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Switzerland; Young Adult
PubMed: 31490237
DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000001355 -
Cureus Nov 2023Osteoblastoma is a benign bone tumor that can spread aggressively and is commonly found in the spine and long bones. When present in other areas of the body, it can be...
Osteoblastoma is a benign bone tumor that can spread aggressively and is commonly found in the spine and long bones. When present in other areas of the body, it can be difficult to diagnose. While this tumor is rarely found in the hand, in reported cases, it typically presents with pain. Treatment is usually curettage and marginal excision. We report a rare case of osteoblastoma in the fifth proximal phalanx of the left hand in a 14-year-old right-handed female, presenting as a painless, progressively growing mass with associated flexion contracture over a seven-month period, with no history of trauma. An excision biopsy with curettage was performed, and histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of osteoblastoma. This is a rare case of osteoblastoma of the proximal phalanx presenting as a painless mass in the finger with a progressive flexion contracture. Histopathologic examination is important in diagnosing osteoblastoma to determine the appropriate treatment and surgery. Post-operatively, close monitoring is important due to the high recurrence rates in these tumors.
PubMed: 38074054
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48409 -
Annales de Pathologie Apr 2022
Topics: Bone Diseases; Fibroma, Ossifying; Gene Rearrangement; Genes, fos; Humans
PubMed: 35184892
DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2022.01.013 -
Virchows Archiv : An International... Sep 2021The aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of beta-catenin immunohistochemical expression in the differential diagnosis of osteoid-producing primary tumors of...
The aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of beta-catenin immunohistochemical expression in the differential diagnosis of osteoid-producing primary tumors of bone. Seventy cases of osteoid-producing tumors of bone (24 conventional osteosarcomas, 18 osteoblastomas, 13 osteoblastoma-like osteosarcomas, 10 chondroblastomas, and 5 chondroblastoma-like osteosarcomas) diagnosed at Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli were reviewed and evaluated for the intensity, extension, and subcellular distribution of immunohistochemical expression of beta-catenin. A majority of cases (73%, 51 cases) exhibited cytoplasmic and/or membranous positivity in varied degrees of intensity and proportion of positive cells, in the absence of nuclear staining. Fifteen cases (21%) were completely negative, including two osteoblastomas, five chondroblastomas, three conventional osteosarcomas, four osteoblastoma-like osteosarcomas, and one chondroblastoma-like osteosarcoma. A minority of cases (6%) including three osteoblastoma-like osteosarcomas and one osteoblastoma showed focal nuclear beta-catenin positivity with or without concomitant cytoplasmic staining. In the current series, beta-catenin showed not to be useful in the differential diagnosis of osteoid-producing primary bone tumors.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Bone Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Chondroblastoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoblastoma; Osteosarcoma; Predictive Value of Tests; Young Adult; beta Catenin
PubMed: 33511430
DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-03004-2 -
International Journal of Paleopathology Mar 2023This project evaluates a cranial lesion from a Hellenistic-era individual excavated by the Muğla Archaeological Museum in Gülağzı, Turkey.
OBJECTIVE
This project evaluates a cranial lesion from a Hellenistic-era individual excavated by the Muğla Archaeological Museum in Gülağzı, Turkey.
MATERIALS
An osseous tumor measuring 3.02 × 3.54 × 2.98 cm originating from the occipital bone of a probable young adult male.
METHODS
The tumor was examined using gross morphological inspection, plain radiography (x-ray), and computed tomography (CT) imaging to identify potential differential diagnoses for the osseous cranial tumor.
RESULTS
The lesion in question displays features highly consistent with both osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma. The tumor had a non-sclerotic, sharply demarcated border, a radiolucent nidus measuring less than 2 centimeters in diameter, and homogeneous sclerotic bone surrounding the nidus.
CONCLUSIONS
Differential diagnosis determined the osseous tumor to be a benign neoplasm, and in this case the features of the tumor are highly consistent with a diagnosis of either osteoblastoma or osteoid osteoma.
SIGNIFICANCE
The identification of novel neoplastic cases in paleopathology represents an important contribution to ongoing discussions regarding the temporality and regional variability of neoplastic conditions in the past. Additionally, a rigorous diagnostic study augmented by x-ray, CT scans, and 3D modeling provides data that can be utilized in future paleopathological studies.
LIMITATIONS
Diagnostic interpretation would be aided by histological examination of the tumor, which was impossible in this case. Histological examination would provide a definitive diagnosis.
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH
Given the high incidence of benign tumors in the clinical literature but a paucity of reports in the paleopathological record, further research is indicated to better understand the implications of benign neoplasms in antiquity.
Topics: Young Adult; Male; Humans; Osteoma, Osteoid; Osteoblastoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Turkey; Bone Neoplasms; Occipital Bone
PubMed: 36724548
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2023.01.003 -
World Neurosurgery Jun 2020Osteoblastomas are rare primary bone tumors with a predilection for the spine. The extraosseous growth pattern is rare, and to our knowledge, only 2 cases of fully... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Osteoblastomas are rare primary bone tumors with a predilection for the spine. The extraosseous growth pattern is rare, and to our knowledge, only 2 cases of fully extraosseous osteoblastomas have been previously reported.
CASE DESCRIPTION
A man aged 36 years presented with a 7-month history of low back pain radiating to the gluteal area. On examination, a typical L5 radiculopathy was noted. The radiologic examinations conducted in the previous months pointed out the rapid growth of an extraosseous mass occluding the right L5-S1 foramen. Partial laminectomy was performed to achieve gross total resection. Histological analysis was consistent with osteoblastoma.
CONCLUSIONS
Osteoblastomas with extraosseous extension are uncommon, and an exclusively extraosseous presentation is anecdotal. This can lead to preoperative misdiagnosis when typical radiologic characteristics of bone-forming tumors are missing. We describe the case of an extraosseous lumbar osteoblastoma whose clinical and radiologic presentation was suggestive of malignancy.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Laminectomy; Lumbosacral Region; Male; Osteoblastoma; Spinal Neoplasms
PubMed: 32217174
DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.03.081 -
Cureus May 2022Background/Aim Oral epithelia demonstrate a broad spectrum of pre-cancerous, cancerous, and benign lesions. The aim of this study was to record and analyze the...
Background/Aim Oral epithelia demonstrate a broad spectrum of pre-cancerous, cancerous, and benign lesions. The aim of this study was to record and analyze the prevalence of various oral and intraosseous lesions, highlighting malignancies that are hard to clinically identify as such too. Materials and methods A series of 536 oral lesions were collected covering a period of 8.5 years. Epidemiological and clinico-histopathological data were stratified and analyzed retrospectively. Results According to extensive differential analysis, the male to female ratio for oral squamous cell carcinoma was estimated at 1:1, for pre-cancerous lesions at 1:2, and for lichen planus at 1:5. The prevalent diagnostic category were cysts (n = 223, 41.6%). The biological behavior of lesions differed among anatomic sites (P<0.001). Concordance between clinical suspicion of pre-cancerous or malignant lesions and histological verification was 96.4% (P<0.001). Conclusions Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, clear cell myoepithelial carcinoma, aggressive osteoblastoma/parosteal osteosarcoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma raised no clinical suspicion of malignancy reflecting the importance of training in oral biopsy taking.
PubMed: 35572462
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24956 -
Radiology Case Reports Jul 2021Osteoblastoma is a rare benign osseous neoplasm that accounts for 1%-3% of all primary bone tumors. Osteoblastomas can involve any part of the skeleton, but mainly...
Osteoblastoma is a rare benign osseous neoplasm that accounts for 1%-3% of all primary bone tumors. Osteoblastomas can involve any part of the skeleton, but mainly occurs in the spine and other long bones, rarely in extra-skeletal areas. Extra-skeletal osteoblastomas arise from tissues outside of the bone, and only a few cases have been reported previously. To our knowledge, only one case of osteoblastoma in the breast has been described in the English literature. Here, we report another case of a breast osteoblastoma in a middle-aged woman, which was initially detected by ultrasound examination and digital mammography, and then was confirmed by histopathology. In this report, the imaging features and differential diagnosis of breast osteoblastoma are discussed.
PubMed: 34007373
DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.04.005 -
Skeletal Radiology Oct 2019Osteoblastoma is a rare, benign primary tumor of bone, accounting for < 1% of all bone tumors. We report the case of a 27-year-old female who developed pain and... (Review)
Review
Osteoblastoma is a rare, benign primary tumor of bone, accounting for < 1% of all bone tumors. We report the case of a 27-year-old female who developed pain and swelling five and a half years after a clavicular fracture and was subsequently found to have an osteoblastoma arising at the fracture site. This is the first reported case of an osteoblastoma developing after a fracture, although osteoid osteomas, which are histologically indistinguishable from osteoblastomas, have been reported at prior fracture sites. This report demonstrates that secondary neoplasms such as osteoblastomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis for pain at a healed fracture site recurring years after the initial trauma.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Bone Neoplasms; Clavicle; Female; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Osteoblastoma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 30850870
DOI: 10.1007/s00256-019-03197-x -
World Neurosurgery Jan 2021Spine osteoblastomas (OBs) are relatively rare. In contrast to osteoid osteoma, radiologic and clinical manifestations of OB can be varied and atypical. Typical...
BACKGROUND
Spine osteoblastomas (OBs) are relatively rare. In contrast to osteoid osteoma, radiologic and clinical manifestations of OB can be varied and atypical. Typical radiographic features in spinal OB include peritumoral bone sclerosis, bone marrow edema, and soft tissue edema. Atypical radiographic features include lesions involving ≥3 segments, lesions with extensive (≥3 segments) bone sclerosis, excessive edema (≥3 segments) of soft tissue and bone marrow, no intralesional calcification, and location in the vertebral body only. The aim of this study was to identify typical and atypical features of OB.
METHODS
Pretreatment computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging were reviewed retrospectively. Percutaneous biopsies were performed to confirm pathology in atypical cases.
RESULTS
A total of 50 images from patients with diagnosed OB were reviewed. Atypical radiographic features were found in 18 cases (36%). Pathologic diagnosis was confirmed as OB in 86.2% (25/29) cases after percutaneous computed tomography-guided biopsy.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results show that >30% of spinal OB cases might have atypical radiographic features. In cases with atypical radiographic features, computed tomography-guided biopsies are recommended.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoblastoma; Retrospective Studies; Spinal Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Young Adult
PubMed: 33065353
DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.10.014