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Clinical Rheumatology Jan 2022
Topics: Arthritis; Bone Neoplasms; Elbow; Elbow Joint; Humans; Osteoma, Osteoid
PubMed: 34382109
DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05883-5 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2023Benign tumours comprise the majority of primary vertebral tumours, and these are often found incidentally on imaging. Nonetheless, accurate diagnosis of these benign... (Review)
Review
Benign tumours comprise the majority of primary vertebral tumours, and these are often found incidentally on imaging. Nonetheless, accurate diagnosis of these benign lesions is crucial, in order to avoid misdiagnosis as more ominous malignant lesions or infection. Furthermore, some of these tumours, despite their benign nature, can have localised effects on the spine including neural compromise, or can be locally aggressive, thus necessitating active management. Haemangiomas and osteomas (enostosis) are the commonest benign tumours encountered. Others include osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, fibrous dysplasia, osteochondroma, chondroblastoma, haemangioma, simple bone cysts, aneurysmal bone cysts, giant cell tumours, eosinophilic granuloma and notochordal rests. The majority of lesions are asymptomatic; however, locally aggressive lesions (such as aneurysmal bone cysts or giant cell tumours) can present with nonspecific symptoms, such as back pain, neurological deficits and spinal instability, which may be indistinguishable from more commonly encountered mechanical back pain or malignant lesions including metastases. Hence, imaging, including radiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), plays a critical role in diagnosis. Generally, most incidental or asymptomatic regions are conservatively managed or may not require any follow-up, while symptomatic or locally aggressive lesions warrant active interventions, which include surgical resection or percutaneous treatment techniques. Due to advances in interventional radiology techniques in recent years, percutaneous minimally invasive techniques such as radiofrequency ablation, sclerotherapy and cryoablation have played an increasing role in the management of these tumours with favourable outcomes. The different types of primary benign vertebral tumours will be discussed in this article with an emphasis on pertinent imaging features.
PubMed: 37370901
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13122006 -
Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR Apr 2021We present a review of several bone (osteoid)-forming tumors including enostosis, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, and osteosarcoma. These entities were chosen because... (Review)
Review
We present a review of several bone (osteoid)-forming tumors including enostosis, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, and osteosarcoma. These entities were chosen because they are reasonably common-neither seen every day nor rare. When applicable, recent information about the lesions is included.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Osteoblastoma; Osteoma, Osteoid; Osteosarcoma
PubMed: 33814101
DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2020.08.020 -
JBJS Reviews Mar 2020Despite the evolution in imaging, especially the introduction of advanced imaging technologies, radiographs still are the key for the initial assessment of a bone tumor.... (Review)
Review
Despite the evolution in imaging, especially the introduction of advanced imaging technologies, radiographs still are the key for the initial assessment of a bone tumor. Important aspects to be considered in radiographs are the location, shape and size or volume, margins, periosteal reaction, and internal mineralization of the tumor's matrix; careful evaluation of these may provide for accurate diagnosis in >80% of cases. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are often diagnostic for lesions with typical findings such as the nidus of osteoid osteoma and bone destruction such as in Ewing sarcoma and lymphoma that may be difficult to detect with radiographs; they may also be used for surgical planning. Magnetic resonance imaging accurately determines the intraosseous extent and articular and vascular involvement by the tumor. This article summarizes the diagnostic accuracy of imaging analyses in bone tumors and emphasizes the specific radiographic findings for optimal radiographic diagnosis of the patients with these tumors.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 32149935
DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.RVW.19.00077 -
Pediatrics Mar 2022Focused ultrasound (FUS) is a noninvasive therapeutic technology with multiple pediatric clinical applications. The ability of focused ultrasound to target tissues deep... (Review)
Review
Focused ultrasound (FUS) is a noninvasive therapeutic technology with multiple pediatric clinical applications. The ability of focused ultrasound to target tissues deep in the body without exposing children to the morbidities associated with conventional surgery, interventional procedures, or radiation offers significant advantages. In 2021, there are 10 clinical pediatric focused ultrasound studies evaluating various musculoskeletal, oncologic, neurologic, and vascular diseases of which 8 are actively recruiting and 2 are completed. Pediatric musculoskeletal applications of FUS include treatment of osteoid osteoma and bone metastases using thermal ablation and high-intensity FUS. Pediatric oncologic applications of FUS include treatment of soft tissue tumors including desmoid tumors, malignant sarcomas, and neuroblastoma with high-intensity FUS ablation alone, or in combination with targeted chemotherapy delivery. Pediatric neurologic applications include treatment of benign tumors such as hypothalamic hamartomas with thermal ablation and malignant diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma with low-intensity FUS for blood brain barrier opening and targeted drug delivery. Additionally, low-intensity FUS can be used to treat seizures. Pediatric vascular applications of FUS include treatment of arteriovenous malformations and twin-twin transfusion syndrome using ablation and vascular occlusion. FUS treatment appears safe and efficacious in pediatric populations across many subspecialties. Although there are 7 Food and Drug Administration-approved indications for adult applications of FUS, the first Food and Drug Administration approval for pediatric patients with osteoid osteoma was obtained in 2020. This review summarizes the preclinical and clinical research on focused ultrasound of potential benefit to pediatric populations.
Topics: Adult; Biological Transport; Blood-Brain Barrier; Bone Neoplasms; Child; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Osteoma, Osteoid
PubMed: 35229123
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-052714 -
Academic Pathology 2021http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2374289517715040..
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2374289517715040..
PubMed: 34926796
DOI: 10.1177/23742895211060536 -
Current Medical Imaging 2021This article represents a review of the use of image-guided cryotherapy in the treatment of musculoskeletal tumor lesions. Cryotherapy is able to induce a lethal effect... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
This article represents a review of the use of image-guided cryotherapy in the treatment of musculoskeletal tumor lesions. Cryotherapy is able to induce a lethal effect on cancer cells through direct and indirect mechanisms. In this manuscript, we combined our experience with that of other authors who have published on this topic in order to provide indications on when to use cryotherapy in musculoskeletal oncology.
DISCUSSION
Image-Guided percutaneous cryotherapy is a therapeutic method now widely accepted in the treatment of patients with musculoskeletal tumors. It can be used both for palliative treatments of metastatic bone lesions and for the curative treatment of benign bone tumors, such as osteoid osteoma or osteoblastoma. In the treatment of bone metastases, cryotherapy plays a major role in alleviating or resolving disease-related pain, but it has also been demonstrated that it can have a role in local disease control. In recent years, the use of cryotherapy has also expanded for the treatment of both benign and malignant soft tissue tumors.
CONCLUSION
Percutaneous cryotherapy can be considered a safe and effective technique in the treatment of benign and malignant musculoskeletal tumors. Cryotherapy can be considered the first option in benign tumor lesions, such as osteoid osteoma, and a valid alternative to radiofrequency ablation. In the treatment of painful bone metastases, it must be considered secondarily to other standard treatments (radiotherapy, bisphosphonate therapy, and chemotherapy) when they are no longer effective in controlling the disease or when they cannot be repeated (for example, radiotherapy).
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Cryotherapy; Humans; Osteoblastoma; Osteoma, Osteoid; Soft Tissue Neoplasms
PubMed: 32842945
DOI: 10.2174/1573405616666200825162712 -
Translational Pediatrics Jul 2022Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a common benign tumor in children and adolescents, but intra-and juxta-articular OO is rare and difficult to diagnose. The purpose of this study...
BACKGROUND
Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a common benign tumor in children and adolescents, but intra-and juxta-articular OO is rare and difficult to diagnose. The purpose of this study is to investigate the distinctions between intra- and juxta-articular OO, trying to avoid delaying diagnosis and optimize treatment strategies.
METHODS
Thirty patients diagnosed with OO in the intra- and juxta joint at our institution who underwent surgical resection were included. Clinical and epidemiological factors, preoperative radiograph parameters, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bone scan, were documented. The outcomes of the involved extremity were evaluated at the final follow-up.
RESULTS
Mean age at diagnosis, interval time, and follow-up time was 8.37±3.79 years old, 4.67±5.88 months, 3.57±2.18 years, respectively. Factors identified to be significantly associated with intra- and juxta-articular OO including pain with activity (P=0.004) and abnormal range of motion (P=0.00). The factor of abnormal range of motion (P=0.03) also influenced the existence of complications. Six children had a secondary operation to cure the recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS
It is essential for clinicians and radiologists to be aware of the atypical clinical and radiographic features of intra- and juxta-articular OO, as the delayed diagnosis can lead to unnecessary pain and further complications after surgeries. The pain with activity and abnormal range of motion is helpful to identify the location of OO. The persistently abnormal range of motion also significantly leads to complications. The open surgeries to resect the nidus in juxta-articular OO were effective.
PubMed: 35958008
DOI: 10.21037/tp-21-612 -
Hand Surgery & Rehabilitation Oct 2023Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor usually arising in the diaphysis and metaphysis of the long bones, with male predominance (sex ratio, 2:1). Despite being the most... (Review)
Review
Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor usually arising in the diaphysis and metaphysis of the long bones, with male predominance (sex ratio, 2:1). Despite being the most common bone tumor in the wrist, it is still an atypical location for this lesion. The usual presentation is pain that is exacerbated at night and relieved by aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This presentation is not always the case in the wrist, which leads to numerous differential diagnoses and often a delay in definitive diagnosis and treatment. Various imaging modalities can confirm the presence of the tumor and guide the surgical approach. Resection is the gold-standard, with radiofrequency gaining popularity in recent years.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Osteoma, Osteoid; Wrist; Wrist Joint; Pain; Bone Neoplasms
PubMed: 37182838
DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2023.05.002 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Dec 2021Osteoblastoma (OB) and osteoid osteoma (OO) are benign bone-forming tumors, with nearly identical basic microscopic features. The main difference is dimension (OO has... (Review)
Review
Osteoblastoma (OB) and osteoid osteoma (OO) are benign bone-forming tumors, with nearly identical basic microscopic features. The main difference is dimension (OO has usually a nidus measuring <2 cm in diameter). In addition, OB is biologically more active than OO, with a tendency to grow in size. Historically, treatments have included surgical resection and analgesics, although invasiveness and poor tolerance have led to the current standard of care moving toward interventional radiology, where radiofrequency ablation (RFA) represents the most diffuse technique. Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) has recently emerged as another innovative alternative treatment, providing tumor ablation through a needleless and ionizing radiation-free modality. In addition, this technique has the ability to guarantee a very precise and controlled increase in temperature, delivering small amounts of energy that can accurately destroy only the lesion, avoiding healthy surrounding tissues. The present review focuses on MRgFUS as the less invasive, safe, effective, and durable treatment option for the management of osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma, including a description of technical details, indications and outcomes.
PubMed: 35011867
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010128