-
Anales de Pediatria Dec 2023
Topics: Female; Humans; X-Rays; Ovarian Neoplasms; Radiography; Teratoma
PubMed: 37932160
DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2023.08.017 -
International Journal of Gynecological... Nov 2023Gliomatosis involving lymph nodes (nodal gliomatosis) is rarely encountered in association with an ovarian teratoma, with 12 cases previously reported. We report this... (Review)
Review
Gliomatosis involving lymph nodes (nodal gliomatosis) is rarely encountered in association with an ovarian teratoma, with 12 cases previously reported. We report this rare occurrence in a 23-yr-old female with an ovarian immature teratoma. The ovary contained a grade 3 immature teratoma, with immature neuroepithelium. A subcapsular liver mass contained metastatic immature teratoma with neuroepithelium. The omentum and peritoneum contained mature glial tissue, consistent with gliomatosis peritonei with no evidence of immature elements. One pelvic lymph node contained multiple nodules of mature glial tissue, diffusely positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, in keeping with nodal gliomatosis. In reporting this case, we review prior reports of nodal gliomatosis.
Topics: Female; Humans; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Neuroglia; Ovarian Neoplasms; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Teratoma; Young Adult; Adult
PubMed: 36867505
DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000938 -
Cancer Metastasis Reviews Mar 2020Our knowledge of ovarian teratomas in children is still far from complete, and much remains to be discovered. Here, we conduct a scoping review of the primary research... (Review)
Review
Our knowledge of ovarian teratomas in children is still far from complete, and much remains to be discovered. Here, we conduct a scoping review of the primary research related to ovarian teratomas in pediatric age. To our knowledge, there is no published synthesis of the literature surrounding ovarian teratomas in children using scoping review methodology. We identified 24 studies from 11 countries; 18 studies were retrospective, 3 were prospective, and 3 were experimental. There were 6 studies concerning mature teratomas, 5 concerning immature teratomas, and 13 that included both tumor types. Overall, 9 out of all the studies concerned more than 50 patients. We revealed 7 major branches of research within the topic of ovarian teratoma in pediatric population: recurrence rate/relapse and follow-up strategy, malignant potential, prognostic factors, use of sparing surgery, differences between the use of laparoscopy and laparotomy, use of chemotherapy, and additional examinations to test the character of the lesion (immature vs. mature). This scoping review has revealed a number of knowledge gaps in the evidence base for pediatric ovarian teratomas. Overall, this topic has not been extensively explored, and more research dedicated exclusively to this tumor and patient population is required.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Teratoma
PubMed: 32006216
DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09844-3 -
Medicine Jul 2021Teratomas are solid tumors that may occur in both gonadal and extragonadal locations, depending on the age of the child. Benign cystic teratomas are relatively common... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Teratomas are solid tumors that may occur in both gonadal and extragonadal locations, depending on the age of the child. Benign cystic teratomas are relatively common tumors among women of reproductive age, but they can occur at any age. The clinical presentation is not specific. They can be found incidentally when patients are investigated for other conditions or they can present as emergencies when the ovarian teratoma is torsioned or ruptured.
PATIENT CONCERNS
We present the case of a 17-year-old adolescent girl that was seen in our emergency department on several occasions for recurrent episodes of abdominal pain ongoing for 6 months.
DIAGNOSIS
An ultrasonography (US) was performed as an outpatient and a left ovarian mass was found along with right ureterohydronephrosis (UHN). Further assessment of the mass was done by abdominal and pelvic CT and tumoral markers. CT appearance was more suggestive of a teratoma.
INTERVENTIONS
She underwent laparotomy with complete excision of the tumor.
OUTCOME
The patient had an uneventful recovery. A renal US follow up showed reduction of the dilatation, demonstrating that the condition was secondary to tumor compression.
LESSONS
In a teenager with nonspecific symptoms, a high suspicion index for tumors is mandatory. An early diagnosis and management avoid complications like UHN.
Topics: Adolescent; Female; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovariectomy; Teratoma; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 34232179
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000026472 -
Modern Pathology : An Official Journal... Feb 2021Mature ovarian teratoma is considered to be a parthenogenetic tumor that arises from a single oocyte/ovum. Conversely, complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) is androgenetic...
Mature ovarian teratoma is considered to be a parthenogenetic tumor that arises from a single oocyte/ovum. Conversely, complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) is androgenetic in origin: classic CHM arises from a single or two sperm. Since mature ovarian teratoma and CHM have only maternal and paternal genomes, respectively, their genome imprinting is theoretically reverse, but this has yet to be investigated. Genome imprinting in struma ovarii, a special form of mature teratoma, remains unclear. Although a mature teratoma can rarely arise in extragonadal sites, its genome imprinting, as well as cell origin, is poorly understood. One of the most important mechanisms of genome imprinting is DNA methylation. To investigate the methylation profile of imprinted genes, we performed methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) of 21 imprinting control region (ICRs) of 9 imprinted genes/gene clusters in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples obtained from 12 mature ovarian teratomas, 6 struma ovarii, 10 CHMs, and 7 extragonadal (1 sacrococcygeal, 6 mediastinal) mature teratomas of females. In mature ovarian teratomas, ICRs of maternally and paternally imprinted genes showed high and low levels of methylation, respectively, and this pattern was almost reverse in CHMs. In CHMs, however, some ICRs showed aberrant methylation. The methylation profile of struma ovarii was comparable to that of mature ovarian teratomas, except for an adenomatous tumor. In extragonadal mature teratomas, the methylation pattern was somatic or irregular. In conclusion, mature ovarian teratomas/struma ovarii, CHMs, and extragonadal mature teratomas showed distinct methylation profiles of imprinted genes. Ovarian teratomas and CHMs are most likely to inherit their methylation profiles from their ancestral germ cells, although some aberrant methylation suggests a relaxation of imprinting in CHMs and a subset of struma ovarii. Extragonadal mature teratomas may carry a methylation profile of misplaced primordial germ cells or possibly somatic cells that have been reprogrammed in vivo.
Topics: DNA Methylation; Female; Genomic Imprinting; Humans; Hydatidiform Mole; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pregnancy; Teratoma; Uterine Neoplasms
PubMed: 32873866
DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-00668-8 -
Clinical Imaging 2019Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is a common neoplasm of the ovary that typically contains mature tissues of ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal origin. This tumor tends...
Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is a common neoplasm of the ovary that typically contains mature tissues of ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal origin. This tumor tends to affect younger women, its presentation ranges from pure cystic mass to complex solid cystic mass, and the detection of intratumoral fat component is the key diagnostic imaging feature. MCT can be associated with various complications and it demonstrates a wide spectrum of imaging findings. Associated complications include rupture, torsion, malignant transformation, and gliomatosis peritonei. MCT may also have unusual imaging features that can lead to misdiagnosis. These features may expand the differential diagnosis to include immature teratoma, monodermal teratoma, mature cystic teratoma with minimal or no fat, and collision tumor. The aim of this article was to highlight and describe the imaging features of unusual ovarian MCT lesions, and the complications associated with ovarian MCT.
Topics: Adult; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Dermoid Cyst; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Peritoneal Diseases; Teratoma
PubMed: 31212220
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2019.05.013 -
Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the... Jan 2021In anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, we analysed the efficacy of a combined immunotherapy protocol consisting of teratoma removal, steroid,...
In anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, we analysed the efficacy of a combined immunotherapy protocol consisting of teratoma removal, steroid, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), rituximab and tocilizumab (T-SIRT). This cohort study included seventy-eight consecutive patients treated for anti-NMDAR encephalitis between Jan 2014 and Oct 2019 in a national referral hospital. Detailed 2-year disease time course was analysed using Clinical Assessment Scale for Autoimmune Encephalitis (CASE) scores at every 2 weeks for 12 weeks from baseline, every month for the next 3 months and then every 3 months. Treatment regimens at each time point were categorized as SI, SIR, or SIRT with/without teratoma removal (T). Adverse events were classified according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse-Events (CTCAE v5.0), where a severe adverse event was defined as an adverse event with CATAE grade 4. In a linear mixed model analysis, using the SIRT regimen was more effective than SIR or SI regimens in lowering CASE scores (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). The presence of teratoma (P = 0.001), refractory status epilepticus (P < 0.001) and a higher CASE score at baseline (P < 0.001) predicted a higher CASE score at each time point. Completion of the (T)-SIRT regimen within 1 month of onset resulted in better 1-year improvements in CASE score (P < 0.001) and modified Rankin scale scores (P = 0.001), compared to those of using other regimens within 1 month or delaying teratoma removal for more than 1 month. Pneumonia was a frequent adverse event (52/78, 66.7%) in the whole study population and neutropenia was frequent during SIRT (11/52, 21.2%), but the regimen was well tolerated in most patients. We concluded that the early application of combined immunotherapy consisting of T-SIRT had better efficacy than was found for delayed or partial application of this combination in anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Child; Combined Modality Therapy; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Male; Middle Aged; Ovarian Neoplasms; Patient Acuity; Rituximab; Teratoma; Testicular Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 32880854
DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00921-7 -
Journal of Computer Assisted TomographyThe purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the imaging findings along with histopathologic correlation of mature (benign) teratomas and... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the imaging findings along with histopathologic correlation of mature (benign) teratomas and malignant ovarian teratomas, which include both immature teratomas and malignant degeneration of mature teratomas. The radiologist's ability to provide an accurate diagnosis plays an essential role in guiding the interdisciplinary care of patients with malignant teratomas and improving their outcomes.
Topics: Female; Humans; Multimodal Imaging; Teratoma; Ovarian Neoplasms
PubMed: 37948362
DOI: 10.1097/RCT.0000000000001509 -
Virchows Archiv : An International... Mar 2023Immature teratomas are a subset of ovarian teratomas, and the pathogenic relationship between mature and immature ovarian teratomas is unclear. Mature ovarian teratomas...
Immature teratomas are a subset of ovarian teratomas, and the pathogenic relationship between mature and immature ovarian teratomas is unclear. Mature ovarian teratomas are parthenogenetic tumors that arise from a single oocyte/ovum, whereas the origin of immature ovarian teratomas has not been extensively investigated. Since parthenogenetic tumors contain only maternal genomes, genome imprinting in these tumors usually follows a maternal pattern. DNA methylation is among the most important mechanisms of genome imprinting. Therefore, we analyzed the methylation profile of imprinted genes by performing methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) of 25 imprinting control regions (ICRs) in 10 imprinted genes/gene clusters from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples obtained from 4 immature ovarian teratomas, 8 mature ovarian teratomas, and 4 ovarian yolk sac tumors (YSTs). Both the immature and mature components showed similar methylation levels in each ICR in immature teratomas. Overall, immature ovarian teratomas showed maternal methylation patterns of imprinted genes in concordance with their parthenogenetic origin. However, they also showed aberrant methylation levels in a few imprinted genes, suggesting that genome imprinting in immature teratomas may partially differ from that in mature teratomas. Microscopic foci of YST were seen in one immature teratoma; the YST component also showed a maternal methylation pattern, unlike the pure YSTs that showed irregular patterns. Thus, teratoma-associated YST and pure YST may have different pathogenic mechanisms.
Topics: Female; Humans; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; Teratoma; Ovarian Neoplasms; DNA Methylation
PubMed: 36637485
DOI: 10.1007/s00428-023-03491-z -
Journal of the College of Physicians... Dec 2022Ovarian germ cell tumours constitute 5% of all ovarian cancers. During the natural course and treatment of these tumours , there may be more unusual cases. One of them...
Ovarian germ cell tumours constitute 5% of all ovarian cancers. During the natural course and treatment of these tumours , there may be more unusual cases. One of them is gliomatosis peritonei, which is characterised by the spread of glial cells on the peritoneal surfaces, while the other one is growing teratoma syndrome characterised by the rapid growth of benign component and loss or shrinkage of the malignant component in response to systemic chemotherapy during the treatment of germ cell tumours. Herein, we present a case of coexistence of gliomatosis peritonei and growing teratoma syndrome during the treatment of a 29-year female with immature ovarian teratoma. Key Words: Germ cell tumours , Growing teratoma syndrome, Gliomatosis peritonei, Ovaries.
Topics: Female; Humans; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Teratoma; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Ovarian Neoplasms; Syndrome
PubMed: 36597312
DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2022.Supp0.SS122