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Clinical and Experimental Dental... Aug 2023The aim of this article is to establish a comprehensive nationwide prevalence of malocclusion traits on the sagittal, vertical, and transverse planes of space in the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this article is to establish a comprehensive nationwide prevalence of malocclusion traits on the sagittal, vertical, and transverse planes of space in the Turkish population.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was supplemented by manual searches of Google Scholar and the reference lists of included studies. Original Turkish health studies of any age were included. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology assessed study quality and bias (STROBE). Sagittal, vertical, and transverse malocclusion features were retrieved and gathered.
RESULTS
Eleven studies were selected from 434 titles. Two studies showed a high risk of bias, eight low and one moderate. Thirteen thousand two hundred seventy-one individuals were investigated from early childhood to late adulthood. Most studies were sampled from universities and dental (nonorthodontic) clinics. The pooled malocclusion prevalence was 56% for Class I (95% confidence interval (CI): 44-68%), 31% for Class II (CI: 6-42%), and 11% for Class III (CI: 21-37%). The other common types of malocclusions were crowding (41%, CI: 18-65%), overjet (34%, CI: 21-50%), negative overjet (13%, CI: 7-20%), and crossbite (11%, CI: 7-15%). Additionally, there was no significant difference in Class I (relative risk [RR] = 1.00, [0.96-1.05]), Class II ([RR] = 0.97, [0.92-1.03]), and Class III ([RR] = 1.08, [0.96-1.225]) malocclusion by gender.
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed Class I malocclusion has a high prevalence among the Turkish population followed by Class II and Class III malocclusions. In addition, crowding and overjet were the most prevalent malocclusions among Turkish individuals. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of malocclusions between males and females.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Male; Female; Humans; Child; Adolescent; Adult; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Prevalence; Malocclusion; Malocclusion, Angle Class III; Overbite
PubMed: 37574975
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.771 -
The Saudi Dental Journal Sep 2023An anterior bite plane (ABP) is an orthodontic appliance that prevents posterior teeth from making contact. This appliance's functional concept is to reduce muscle...
OBJECTIVES
An anterior bite plane (ABP) is an orthodontic appliance that prevents posterior teeth from making contact. This appliance's functional concept is to reduce muscle activity, overcome deep overbite, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders (TMD). However, ABP treatment for malocclusion frequently results in unfavorable reversible and irreversible long-term effects. This problem presents difficulties for dentists in developing an appropriate treatment modification plan in order to achieve the best results. As a result, the goal of this study is to observe the effects of different ABP types on the TMJ and mandible.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-six three-month-old male Wistar strain rats were divided into three groups: control, upper flat, and upper-lower inclined ABP. The overbite and body weight were measured. TMJ was examined histologically using hematoxylin and eosin (HE). To observe the entire mandibular bone in response to ABP, mandibular planes and angulations were measured.
RESULTS
After 7 days, the upper-lower inclined ABP group has significantly lower body weight than the control group. On days 7 and 14, overbite was significantly reduced in both the upper flat and upper-lower inclined ABP groups. The superficial layer of the condyle was depleted in both ABP groups, according to HE analysis. Mandibular angle analysis revealed that the upper-lower inclined ABP group had a greater incisal and ramus angle. Furthermore, lower incisor (Li)-condyle (Co) mandibular points increased significantly more in the upper-lower inclined ABP group than in the control group.
CONCLUSION
According to this study, various forms of ABP may have an impact on the TMJ and mandibular morphology, specifically on the length, angulation, and superficial surface of the condyle.
PubMed: 37823082
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.06.002 -
The Saudi Dental Journal Nov 2021Untreated malocclusion can lead to compromised aesthetic function, depression, and low self-esteem. The aim of this study was to evaluate dental malocclusion in Najran,...
BACKGROUND
Untreated malocclusion can lead to compromised aesthetic function, depression, and low self-esteem. The aim of this study was to evaluate dental malocclusion in Najran, Saudi Arabia as no data existed before.
METHOD
This was a retrospective study analyzing the casts of all patients in Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, seeking orthodontic management for malocclusion between 2017 and 2019.
MEASUREMENTS
The consultant orthodontist is the single investigator involved in collecting the details of demographics followed by molar relationships, overjet, overbite, crowding and spacing using digital caliper on each dental cast. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for IOS Version 25 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.
RESULTS
A total of 326 patients sought treatment for different types of malocclusion. There were 143 males and 183 females with an M:F ratio of 1:1.3. Age ranged from 6 to 55 years with a mean SD of 22.6 ± 8.98. The prevalence for Class I, II and III malocclusions at 95% CI was (0.76 (0.757, 0.774)), 0.251 (0.243, 0.260) and 0.529 (0.519, 0.539) respectively. Fifty-one (15.6%) patients had reversed overjet, 65 (19.9%) reduced overjet, and 86 (26.4%) increased overjet. One hundred and sixty-four (50.3%) cases of reduced overbite and 99 (30.4%) cases of deep overbite were also observed. Tooth size arch length discrepancy were noticed with crowding and spacing in 83 (26.4%) and 71 (21.8%) patients, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
This study has shown the prevalence of Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusion to be 72.7%, 11.6% and 15.6% respectively. Increased over jet and crowding was demonstrated in more patients, though it is not statistically significant.
PubMed: 34803290
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.10.002 -
Journal of the World Federation of... Jun 2023Deep overbite has been shown to be difficult to correct with clear aligners. Optimized deep bite attachments are reported to facilitate deep bite correction with...
BACKGROUND
Deep overbite has been shown to be difficult to correct with clear aligners. Optimized deep bite attachments are reported to facilitate deep bite correction with aligners. The aim of this retrospective study was to quantify the efficacy of deep bite correction with aligners when using optimized versus conventional attachments.
METHODS
This was a retrospective cohort study. The pretreatment and post-treatment intraoral scans of patients with deep overbite treated with Invisalign clear aligners were accessed. Patients were divided into two groups: group A, patients treated with conventional attachments, and group B, patients treated with optimized attachments. Pre and post-treatment overbite and the planned overbite reduction were measured and compared between groups. Descriptive statistics were computed, and statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
RESULTS
Seventy-eight patients were included. There was no statistically significant difference in overbite reduction between patients who had conventional versus optimized attachments. The amount of overbite reduction observed post-treatment was found to be no more than 33-40% of the planned amount of overbite reduction across all patients and groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Deep overbite correction with aligners remains difficult regardless of the type of attachment used. Optimized attachments are no more effective than using conventional attachments in reducing deep overbite. The amount of overbite reduction expected with clear aligners is significantly lower than the planned overbite reduction.
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
When correcting deep bite with clear aligners, the attachment type does not improve the success rate. Clinicians should plan to overcorrect deep bite reduction to expect only 33% to 40% of their planned final overbite to be actually expressed.
Topics: Humans; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable; Overbite; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 37142480
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2023.03.003 -
American Journal of Orthodontics and... Oct 2022This retrospective study aimed to evaluate whether the treatment of Class II malocclusion with Invisalign aligners with sequential distalization of posterior teeth in...
INTRODUCTION
This retrospective study aimed to evaluate whether the treatment of Class II malocclusion with Invisalign aligners with sequential distalization of posterior teeth in adult patients would meet the criteria of American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) standards for the treatment and assess the predictive value of ClinCheck Pro software with the final results comparing the initial time, predictive planning using ClinCheck Pro software, and the final time without any require refinement.
METHODS
The sample consisted of 32 adult patients with Class II malocclusion (n = 32 [7 men and 25 women]; mean age 35.47 ± 9.61 years). All of them used a set of Invisalign aligners; no refinement set was evaluated. The 7 measurements of the ABO Model Grading System, the millimeter measurements for the anteroposterior ratios of maxillary first molars and the overbite were used in the evaluations and were compared in phases initial time, predictive planning using ClinCheck Pro software, and the final time. For the intraexaminer reliability test, the intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated to analyze the reliability of the measures. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test was used to examine whether the variables were normally distributed. The Wilcoxon nonparametric test for paired samples was applied for variables that did not show normal distribution. The parametric Student t test for paired samples was used for variables that presented normal distribution. The significance level adopted for this study was 0.05.
RESULTS
In comparison between final ClinCheck and posttreatment results, the ABO index showed a statistically significant difference between the predictions and results for alignment and rotation, buccolingual inclination, overjet, occlusal contact, occlusal relationship, molar relationship, and overbite. The final score of the ABO scores did not meet the standards for Class II correction, contrary to what the ClinCheck Pro software predicted.
CONCLUSIONS
The null hypothesis that distalization of the posterior teeth occurs in adult patients using Invisalign aligners was rejected. The treatment of Class II malocclusion with Invisalign aligners did not occur as estimated by the virtual planning prepared by ClinCheck according to the standards for evaluating occlusal results established by the ABO at the end of the use of a set of aligners with sequential distalization.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Malocclusion; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Middle Aged; Molar; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable; Overbite; Reproducibility of Results; Retrospective Studies; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 35965168
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2022.07.007 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic features among schoolchildren in the West Bank, Palestine.
BACKGROUND
This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic features among schoolchildren in the West Bank, Palestine.
METHODS
A stratified cluster sample of 1278 schoolchildren (620 males, 658 females, mean age 12 years and 5 months (± 0.5)) were examined. Candidates who had not received any previous orthodontic treatment were only included. Dental anomalies like missing and ectopic teeth were recorded. The anteroposterior occlusal relationship was assessed based on Angle classification. Overjet and overbite were measured. Crowding and spacing were recorded subjectively. In addition, crossbite, openbite, and midline displacement were recorded. The chi-square test and descriptive analysis were used statistically.
RESULTS
The study found Angle Class I molar relationship in 65%, Class II div 1 in 17%, Class II div 2 in 6%, and Class III in 12% of the sample. An overjet (OJ) of more than 4 mm was present in 17%, and 4% had OJ of more than 6 mm; an OJ of at least 0 mm or less in 36%, and 6% had a reverse OJ. A normal overbite was observed in 53%, while 28% had an increase and 19% had a decreased overbite. An anterior openbite (AOB) was present in 9%, and a scissor bite or anterior crossbite in 6% and 14%, respectively. A posterior crossbite was observed in 12% (9% unilateral and 3% bilateral). Midline displacement was found in (9%). Crowding was observed in 35% and 31% and spacing in 24% and 15% of the maxillary and mandibular arches, respectively. A statistically significant relationship between gender and midline shift, a diastema, spacing in the upper arch, and most dental anomalies was found; males were more affected (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
This study reported a high prevalence of malocclusion among schoolchildren in Palestine. A collaborative effort should be directed to obtain more monitoring and surveillance of malocclusion more frequently to prevent and control the exacerbation of the problem.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Malocclusion; Child; Prevalence; Overbite; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Arabs; Malocclusion, Angle Class III; Diastema; Malocclusion, Angle Class I; Middle East; Open Bite; Tooth Eruption, Ectopic; Anodontia; Sex Factors; Adolescent
PubMed: 38849789
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04432-1 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2020The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in India. The secondary objective was to evaluate... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in India. The secondary objective was to evaluate the prevalence rate according to the differences in gender, age, regions, type of TDI and risk factors associated with TDI.
METHODS
The PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Cochrane, CINHAL, and Scopus databases, along with the Public Health Electronic Library, TRoPHI and DoPHER were searched from 1 March to 15April 2019 without any restriction of language and year of publication. The qualitative synthesis was done regarding the demographics, study methods, cause of trauma, geographic location, increased overjet and inadequate lip coverage. The meta-analysis was undertaken with STATA-14 software (USA). The pooled prevalence of TDI was calculated using data extracted from 48 studies included in qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. A sub-group meta-analysis was done by extraction of the data for age groups of 6 years and >6 years.
RESULTS
The pooled prevalence of TDI in Indian population was 13 cases in 100 individuals. The prevalence of TDI for age groups of ≤6 was 15% (males, 15%; females, 16%) and for >6 years was 12% (males, 13%; females, 8%). The most common cause of TDI was falls, and most frequent location was home. The odds ratio for occurrence of TDI and inadequate lip-coverage was 3.35 and overjet greater than 3 mm was 3.53.
CONCLUSIONS
The pooled prevalence of TDI was 13% and slightly higher in children less than 6 years of age. Inadequate lip coverage and increased overjet are the risk factors associated with TDI. Heterogeneity was observed among the studies in terms of design, variables recorded, sampling, study methods and statistical methods. Majority of them also suffered from moderate to high risk of bias.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Child; Female; Humans; India; Male; Overbite; Prevalence; Tooth Injuries
PubMed: 33107464
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_953_19 -
The Angle Orthodontist Jul 2022To present a clinical description of the team's treatment techniques.
OBJECTIVES
To present a clinical description of the team's treatment techniques.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In Part 1, 30 patients underwent segmental maxillary orthodontics, multisegment Le Fort I, and bilateral sagittal osteotomies of the mandible. Part 1 reported excellent occlusal stability at a mean follow-up of 49.43 months (range, 36-92 months). Cases presented in Part 2 were selected based on availability of excellent technique photographs. The same techniques described in Part 2 cases were used on all Part 1 patients.
RESULTS
The coordination of arch widths and forms, overbite, overjet, and maxillary curve of Spee corrections were stable using the team protocols for orthodontic and surgical treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
In the study group, long-term three-dimensionally stable occlusal results were achieved. To duplicate these results, specific orthodontic preparation, intraoperative surgical steps, and postsurgical steps must be carefully planned and executed. These steps are described in this article, Part 2.
Topics: Cephalometry; Humans; Mandible; Maxilla; Open Bite; Osteotomy, Le Fort; Overbite
PubMed: 35293981
DOI: 10.2319/123121-959.1 -
BMC Oral Health May 2021This study aimed to verify the efficacy of two elastodontic devices in overjet (OJ) and overbite (OB) reduction during treatment with the Equilibrator Series II...
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to verify the efficacy of two elastodontic devices in overjet (OJ) and overbite (OB) reduction during treatment with the Equilibrator Series II (Eptamed) and Occlus-o-Guide (Sweden & Martina) devices.
METHOD
Sixty patients aged 7-15 years were enrolled in the study, and were divided into test and control groups. The test group included 30 patients (14 males, 16 females; mean age, 10.66 ± 2.12 years) treated with the EQ (Equilibrator) Series II. The control group included 30 patients (15 males, 15 females; mean age, 10.76 ± 2.52 years) treated with the Occlus-o-Guide. The two groups exhibited the same orthodontic features. The orthodontic criteria were: skeletal and dental class II malocclusion (divisions 1 and 2); and the presence of OJ and OB. Evaluation of OJ and OB was performed at two timepoints: T0 (before starting therapy) and T1 (after 1 year).
RESULTS
At T0, OJ and OB were similar for the two groups; however, at T1, both OJ and OB were significantly lower with the Eptamed device compared to the Occlus-o-Guide device (p = 0.0019).
CONCLUSIONS
Elastodontic devices improve orthodontic outcomes by aiding orthodontic patient management, diagnosis, and treatment planning, reducing the risk relapse acting on the whole organism and the rehabilitation of the tongue.
Topics: Adolescent; Cephalometry; Child; Computers; Female; Humans; Male; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Overbite; Sweden
PubMed: 34001097
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01628-7 -
American Journal of Orthodontics and... May 2023The objective of this study was to compare the long-term cephalometric stability after successful therapy of nonextraction Class II malocclusion with elastics and with...
INTRODUCTION
The objective of this study was to compare the long-term cephalometric stability after successful therapy of nonextraction Class II malocclusion with elastics and with headgear.
METHODS
The sample comprised 43 patients with Class II malocclusion and was divided into 2 groups. The elastic group (EG) consisted of 20 patients treated with fixed appliances associated with Class II elastics, and the headgear group (HG) consisted of 23 patients treated with fixed appliances and extraoral headgear. Pretreatment, posttreatment, and long-term posttreatment lateral radiographs were evaluated; t tests were used to compare the long-term posttreatment changes between the groups.
RESULTS
The groups were matched regarding initial age, time of long-term posttreatment evaluation, initial malocclusion severity, quality of treatment result, and all pretreatment cephalometric variables. Intergroup comparisons of long-term posttreatment changes showed that the HG group presented significantly greater mandibular protrusion, occlusal plane angle decrease, and maxillary molar mesialization. However, long-term posttreatment stability was similar in overjet, overbite, and molar relationships.
CONCLUSIONS
Nonextraction Class II malocclusion treatment with elastics or extraoral headgear have similar long-term posttreatment stability.
Topics: Humans; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Overbite; Malocclusion; Treatment Outcome; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed; Cephalometry; Extraoral Traction Appliances
PubMed: 36775752
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.10.017