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Journal of the American Heart... Feb 2021
Topics: Cardiovascular Agents; Drug-Eluting Stents; Paclitaxel
PubMed: 33554617
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.120.020289 -
Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces Aug 2023Paclitaxel is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs which processes the obvious curative effect for a broad range of cancers including breast, ovarian, lung,... (Review)
Review
Paclitaxel is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs which processes the obvious curative effect for a broad range of cancers including breast, ovarian, lung, and head & neck cancers. Though some novel paclitaxel-loaded formulations have been developed, the clinical application of the paclitaxel is still limited due to its toxicity and solubility issues. Over the past decades, we have seen rapid advances in applying nanocarriers in paclitaxel delivery systems. The nano-drug delivery systems offer unique advantages in enhancing the aqueous solubility, reducing side effects, increasing permeability, prolonging circulation half-life of paclitaxel. In this review, we summarize recent advances in developing novel paclitaxel-loaded nano delivery systems based on nanocarriers. These nanocarriers show great potentials in overcoming the disadvantages of pure paclitaxel and as a result improving the efficacy.
Topics: Humans; Paclitaxel; Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System; Precision Medicine; Drug Delivery Systems; Neoplasms; Nanoparticles; Cell Line, Tumor
PubMed: 37393700
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113419 -
Current Organic Synthesis Oct 2021Paclitaxel, a natural diterpenoid compound, has anti-tumor effect by acting on tubulin, whereas coumarin, another kind of natural product, has anti-tumor effect, along...
BACKGROUND
Paclitaxel, a natural diterpenoid compound, has anti-tumor effect by acting on tubulin, whereas coumarin, another kind of natural product, has anti-tumor effect, along with some other effects, such as anti-bacterial-., Moreover, it also possesses fluorescence.
OBJECTIVE
Multi targeting is an effective strategy in drug design to combat tumor. Therefore, a combination of paclitaxel with other active molecular drugs for exploring the novel lead with multi-functions is in demand.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
To synthsize paclitaxel-coumarin conjugate via click chemistry and to investigate anticancer activity by MTT assay and the scratch test.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results of MTT assay showed that compared tothe paclitaxel, the anti-tumor activity of the conjugate was significantly improved. The results of flow cytometry showed that the conjugate had a stronger ability to induce apoptosis. The scratch test results showed that the conjugate had better anti- metastasis ability than paclitaxel.
CONCLUSION
These findings indicated that paclitaxel and coumarin had a synergistic effect, which paved the way for the development of paclitaxel through fluorescence.
Topics: Apoptosis; Cell Line, Tumor; Coumarins; Paclitaxel; Tubulin
PubMed: 33655867
DOI: 10.2174/1570179418666210303113406 -
Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology.... Jun 2020
Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Carboplatin; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Paclitaxel; Retinal Diseases
PubMed: 31874711
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2019.09.004 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2020Cancer is one of the greatest challenges of the modern medicine. Although much effort has been made in the development of novel cancer therapeutics, it still remains one... (Review)
Review
Cancer is one of the greatest challenges of the modern medicine. Although much effort has been made in the development of novel cancer therapeutics, it still remains one of the most common causes of human death in the world, mainly in low and middle-income countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer treatment services are not available in more then 70% of low-income countries (90% of high-income countries have them available), and also approximately 70% of cancer deaths are reported in low-income countries. Various approaches on how to combat cancer diseases have since been described, targeting cell division being among them. The so-called mitotic poisons are one of the cornerstones in cancer therapies. The idea that cancer cells usually divide almost uncontrolled and far more rapidly than normal cells have led us to think about such compounds that would take advantage of this difference and target the division of such cells. Many groups of such compounds with different modes of action have been reported so far. In this review article, the main approaches on how to target cancer cell mitosis are described, involving microtubule inhibition, targeting aurora and polo-like kinases and kinesins inhibition. The main representatives of all groups of compounds are discussed and attention has also been paid to the presence and future of the clinical use of these compounds as well as their novel derivatives, reviewing the finished and ongoing clinical trials.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Colchicine; Docetaxel; Humans; Mitosis; Paclitaxel
PubMed: 33053667
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204632 -
Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2021Breast cancer stands as the most prevalent cancer in women globally, and contributes to the highest percentage of mortality due to cancer-related deaths in women.... (Review)
Review
Breast cancer stands as the most prevalent cancer in women globally, and contributes to the highest percentage of mortality due to cancer-related deaths in women. Paclitaxel (PTX) is heavily relied on as a frontline chemotherapy drug in breast cancer treatment, especially in advanced metastatic cancer. Generation of resistance to PTX often derails clinical management and adversely affects patient outcomes. Understanding the molecular mechanism of PTX resistance is necessary to device methods to aid in overcoming the resistance. Recent studies exploring the mechanism of development of PTX resistance have led to unveiling of a range novel therapeutic targets. PTX resistance pathways that involve major regulatory proteins/RNAs like RNF8/Twist/ROR1, TLR, ErbB3/ErbB2, BRCA1- IRIS, MENA, LIN9, MiRNA, FoxM1 and IRAK1 have expanded the complexity of resistance mechanisms, and brought newer insights into the development of drug targets. These resistance-related targets can be dealt with synthetic/natural therapeutics in combination with PTX. The present review encompasses the recent understanding of PTX resistance mechanisms in breast cancer and possible therapeutic combinations to overcome resistance.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Breast Neoplasms; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Female; Humans; Paclitaxel
PubMed: 33319669
DOI: 10.2174/1389557520999201214234421 -
Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2023Paclitaxel is an anticancer drug first isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew tree. It has been widely used for the treatment of ovarian, breast, uterine and other... (Review)
Review
Paclitaxel is an anticancer drug first isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew tree. It has been widely used for the treatment of ovarian, breast, uterine and other cancers because of its low toxicity, high efficiency and broad-spectrum anticancer activity, and it is considered to be one of the most successful natural anticancer drugs available. Paclitaxel is a microtubule-targeting drug whose main molecular mechanism is to disrupt microtubule dynamics and induce mitotic arrest and cell death. Despite the many clinical successes of paclitaxel, the extraction of natural paclitaxel from Taxus species has proven to be environmentally unsustainable and economically unviable. As a result, researchers are constantly working to find innovative ways to meet society's need for this drug. Currently, many methods, including artificial cultivation, microbial fermentation, chemical synthesis, and tissue and cell culture, have been explored and developed to obtain paclitaxel. In addition, the poor water solubility of paclitaxel has led to significant limitations in its clinical application. Conventional paclitaxel formulations use Cremophor EL and ethanol to dissolve paclitaxel, which can lead to serious side effects. In recent decades, a series of new nanotechnology-based paclitaxel dosage forms have been developed, including albumin-bound paclitaxel, polymeric micellar paclitaxel, polymer-paclitaxel couples, and liposome-encapsulated paclitaxel. These nanoformulations can significantly reduce the toxicity of paclitaxel and greatly improve its anti-tumor efficiency. This paper reviews the development of the production, dosage form and combination therapy of paclitaxel in recent years and presents an outlook, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis and reference for further research on the production and application of paclitaxel in the future.
Topics: Humans; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Paclitaxel; Antineoplastic Agents; Drug Delivery Systems; Neoplasms; Polymers
PubMed: 36825714
DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230210145150 -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Oct 2020
Review
Topics: Animals; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Microtubules; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplasms; Paclitaxel; Tubulin
PubMed: 33037081
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.CL120.015923 -
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular... 2021Paclitaxel is a broad-spectrum anticancer compound, which was derived mainly from a medicinal plant, in particular, from the bark of the yew tree Nutt. It is a... (Review)
Review
Paclitaxel is a broad-spectrum anticancer compound, which was derived mainly from a medicinal plant, in particular, from the bark of the yew tree Nutt. It is a representative of a class of diterpene taxanes, which are nowadays used as the most common chemotherapeutic agent against many forms of cancer. It possesses scientifically proven anticancer activity against, e.g., ovarian, lung, and breast cancers. The application of this compound is difficult because of limited solubility, recrystalization upon dilution, and cosolvent-induced toxicity. In these cases, nanotechnology and nanoparticles provide certain advantages such as increased drug half-life, lowered toxicity, and specific and selective delivery over free drugs. Nanodrugs possess the capability to buildup in the tissue which might be linked to enhanced permeability and retention as well as enhanced antitumour influence possessing minimal toxicity in normal tissues. This article presents information about paclitaxel, its chemical structure, formulations, mechanism of action, and toxicity. Attention is drawn on nanotechnology, the usefulness of nanoparticles containing paclitaxel, its opportunities, and also future perspective. This review article is aimed at summarizing the current state of continuous pharmaceutical development and employment of nanotechnology in the enhancement of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of paclitaxel as a chemotherapeutic agent.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Breast Neoplasms; Drug Compounding; Drug Synergism; Female; Humans; Medical Oncology; Nanomedicine; Nanoparticles; Paclitaxel
PubMed: 34707776
DOI: 10.1155/2021/3687700 -
Journal of Controlled Release :... Feb 2022Malignant tumor is still a leading threat to human health. Despite the rapid development of targeted therapeutic strategies, any treatment specifically acting on single... (Review)
Review
Malignant tumor is still a leading threat to human health. Despite the rapid development of targeted therapeutic strategies, any treatment specifically acting on single target would inevitably suffer from tumor resistance, largely due to the genetic instability and variability of tumor cells. Thus, traditional therapies such as broad-spectrum chemotherapy would certainly occupy an important position in clinical cancer therapy. Nevertheless, most chemotherapeutic drugs have long been criticized for unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy with severe off-target toxicity. Although several chemotherapeutic nanomedicines with improved therapeutic safety have been applied in clinics, the therapeutic outcomes still do not fulfill expectation. To address this challenge, enormous efforts have been devoted to developing novel nano-formulations for efficient delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. Herein, we aim to outline the latest progression in the emerging nanomedicines of paclitaxel (PTX), with special attention to the functional nanocarriers, self-delivering prodrug-nanoassemblies and combination nanotherapeutics of PTX. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of these functional PTX nanomedicines in clinical translation are spotlighted.
Topics: Cell Line, Tumor; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Nanomedicine; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Paclitaxel; Prodrugs
PubMed: 35016919
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.010