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Pediatric Radiology Sep 2022Pediatric chest wall lesions are varied in etiology ranging from normal and benign to aggressive and malignant. When palpable, these lesions can alarm parents and... (Review)
Review
Pediatric chest wall lesions are varied in etiology ranging from normal and benign to aggressive and malignant. When palpable, these lesions can alarm parents and clinicians alike. However, most palpable pediatric chest lesions are benign. Familiarity with the various entities, their incidences, and how to evaluate them with imaging is important for clinicians and radiologists. Here we review the most relevant palpable pediatric chest entities, their expected appearance and the specific clinical issues to aid in diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Topics: Child; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Thoracic Wall; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 35316339
DOI: 10.1007/s00247-022-05323-9 -
Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of... Mar 2022The term benign breast disease encompasses a heterogeneous group of breast lesions. These can be classified as non-proliferative, proliferative, and atypical... (Review)
Review
The term benign breast disease encompasses a heterogeneous group of breast lesions. These can be classified as non-proliferative, proliferative, and atypical hyperplasia. Some of these confer an increased lifetime risk of breast cancer and warrant further discussion of enhanced screening and awareness. This article reviews common benign breast problems as they may present to the clinician. A discussion of common breast symptoms is followed by a review of benign breast processes found incidentally on imaging and biopsies.
Topics: Biopsy; Breast Diseases; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mass Screening; Precancerous Conditions
PubMed: 35168773
DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2021.11.003 -
Przeglad Menopauzalny = Menopause Review Sep 2022Carcinoma of the accessory breast tissue (CABT) is an extremely rare occurrence, representing 0.3% of all breast malignancies. A 65-year-old, postmenopausal woman was...
Carcinoma of the accessory breast tissue (CABT) is an extremely rare occurrence, representing 0.3% of all breast malignancies. A 65-year-old, postmenopausal woman was referred to our Breast Clinic complaining of a palpable, growing, and painful mass in her right axilla. Physical examination revealed a palpable tender mass, approximately 3 cm in size, visibly infiltrating the overlying skin area, while physical examination of the breast revealed no palpable lesions. Core biopsy of the mass was promptly scheduled, and the histological report came back positive for Nottingham Grade II NST invasive carcinoma of the breast. The patient underwent breast-conserving surgery and concomitant axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for removal of the malignant mass. Care was taken to preserve the axillary vein and the long thoracic nerve. Closure of the axillary incision required mobilization of skin flaps to ensure optimal cosmetic results. Despite the ectopic breast tissue being a largely benign and infrequent occurrence, the breast surgeon must remain vigilant for the possibility of CABT development. At any rate, further epidemiological studies incorporating as many patients as possible are required in order to formulate recommendations on the management and prognosis of CABT. Until such guidelines exist, excision of the carcinoma, along with ALND performance, is a reasonable and justified approach to the surgical treatment of CABT.
PubMed: 36254132
DOI: 10.5114/pm.2022.119528 -
Zeitschrift Fur Rheumatologie Sep 2023IgA vasculitis (IgAV) is an immune complex-mediated vasculitis characterized by IgA1-dominant immune deposits in small vessels. It is the most common systemic vasculitis...
IgA vasculitis (IgAV) is an immune complex-mediated vasculitis characterized by IgA1-dominant immune deposits in small vessels. It is the most common systemic vasculitis in childhood with a mostly uncomplicated and self-limiting course. Adults are less affected but the course is frequently more complicated and more frequently accompanied by renal involvement. IgAV characteristically manifests itself on the skin with palpable purpura and in joints, the kidneys and the gastrointestinal tract. In cases of incomplete or atypical symptoms a differential diagnostic work-up is required. A number of triggers have been suggested, especially infections and drugs. Disease management is tailored to organ manifestations and the severity of the symptoms. For children, optimized supportive care and targeted symptom relief are usually sufficient. Management of renal and gastrointestinal manifestations follows recommendations for ANCA-associated vasculitis and IgA nephropathy. Treatment options include glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents with varying and mostly insufficient evidence.
Topics: Adult; Child; Humans; IgA Vasculitis; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Immunoglobulin A; Skin; Immunosuppressive Agents; Polyarteritis Nodosa; Giant Cell Arteritis; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
PubMed: 37266676
DOI: 10.1007/s00393-023-01355-0 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2022Several cutaneous diseases can present with annular lesions, making a distinction by physical appearance alone challenging. They can be distinguished into infectious and... (Review)
Review
Several cutaneous diseases can present with annular lesions, making a distinction by physical appearance alone challenging. They can be distinguished into infectious and non-infectious, and common and uncommon annular dermatoses. Common non-infectious diseases include granuloma annulare, urticaria, and subacute lupus erythematosus. In addition, there are rare non-infectious non-neoplastic annular dermatoses whose nosographic attribution is established, including annually recurring erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) and annular erythema in Sjögren syndrome and others whose nosographic positioning is still debated. They are neutrophilic figurate erythema, palpable migratory arciform erythema, eosinophilic annular erythema, and annular lichenoid dermatitis of youth. Their etiopathogenesis is largely unknown, although immune-mediated mechanisms are likely involved. It is difficult to establish if they are variants of reaction patterns or separate clinic-pathological entities. In fact, EAC and annually recurring EAC may represent different aspects of the same disease. Palpable migratory arciform erythema is hardly distinguishable from EAC deep type, Jessner-Kanof disease, and lupus tumidus. Neutrophilic figurate erythema and eosinophilic figurate erythema are clinically very similar and differing only in the relative proportion of eosinophils and neutrophils.
PubMed: 36386081
DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_743_21 -
American Family Physician Mar 2024
Topics: Humans; Purpura; IgA Vasculitis; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 38574218
DOI: No ID Found -
Wilderness & Environmental Medicine Mar 2021
Topics: Exercise; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Vasculitis
PubMed: 33423897
DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2020.10.001 -
Radiologia 2022Palpable tumors in children are a common reason for consulting a radiologist. The differential diagnosis is extensive and considerably different from that used in...
Palpable tumors in children are a common reason for consulting a radiologist. The differential diagnosis is extensive and considerably different from that used in adults. Some of the etiologies of palpable tumors are little known outside of pediatrics. The most commonly used imaging test is ultrasonography, because in addition to being harmless and cost-effective, it is conclusive in most cases. Most palpable lesions in children are benign; it is estimated that only 1% are malignant. Knowing these lesions enables the correct diagnosis without the need to resort to unnecessary, sometimes invasive tests, thus avoiding delays in treatment when more severe disease is present. This article aims to review the clinical and radiological characteristics of the palpable lesions that are most common in pediatric patients, explaining the key features that enable accurate diagnosis.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adult; Neoplasms; Ultrasonography; Diagnosis, Differential; Radiology; Pediatrics
PubMed: 36402541
DOI: 10.1016/j.rxeng.2022.08.001 -
Abdominal Radiology (New York) May 2024Ultrasound (US) is the imaging modality of choice for evaluation of superficial palpable lesions. A large proportion of these lesions have characteristic sonographic... (Review)
Review
Ultrasound (US) is the imaging modality of choice for evaluation of superficial palpable lesions. A large proportion of these lesions have characteristic sonographic appearance and can be confidently diagnosed with US without the need for biopsy or other intervention. The Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound (SRU) recently published a Consensus Conference Statement on superficial soft tissue masses. The goal of this manuscript is (a) to serve as a sonographic pictorial review for palpable lesions based on the SRU statement, (b) present the typical sonographic features of palpable lesions that can be confidently diagnosed with US, and (c) provide an overview of other palpable lesions with a framework to interpret the US studies and advise on appropriate further management.
PubMed: 38763936
DOI: 10.1007/s00261-024-04249-0