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Science Signaling Jul 2022Inhibition of a zinc transporter improves the maturation and survival of β cells.
Inhibition of a zinc transporter improves the maturation and survival of β cells.
Topics: Insulin-Secreting Cells; Pancreas; Stress, Physiological; Zinc
PubMed: 35881693
DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.ade0564 -
Cirugia Y Cirujanos 2021Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas is a rare entity, more frequent in women between the 2 and 4 decades. The diagnosis is usually incidental and it can be...
Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas is a rare entity, more frequent in women between the 2 and 4 decades. The diagnosis is usually incidental and it can be reached by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Subsequent pathological confirmation is necessary for an adequate treatment. A retrospective study of six cases was carried out. All the patients were female, between 14 and 56 years of age, in which 50% the tumor were an incidental finding. We had three cases located in the head and three in the body of the pancreas. We performed three pancreaticoduodenectomies and three distal pancreatectomies with splenic preservation, without disease recurrence.
Topics: Female; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Pancreas; Pancreatectomy; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 33784288
DOI: 10.24875/CIRU.19001163 -
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology Aug 2023Undifferentiated carcinoma (UC) of the pancreas is a rare subtype of pancreatic cancer displaying no definitive direction of differentiation. UC has been reported as a... (Review)
Review
Undifferentiated carcinoma (UC) of the pancreas is a rare subtype of pancreatic cancer displaying no definitive direction of differentiation. UC has been reported as a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm, with a median overall survival of <1 year, except for several surgical series. On the other hand, UC tissue sometimes contains non-neoplastic osteoclast-like giant cells (OGCs), and such cases have been reported to have relatively longer survival. Thus, the World Health Organization (WHO) classification histologically distinguishes UC with OGCs (UCOGCs) from UC, and UCs were subclassified into three subtypes: anaplastic UC, sarcomatoid UC and carcinosarcoma. However, still less is known about UC due to its rarity, and such situations lead to further difficulties in treatment for UC. To date, only surgical resection can offer curative treatment for patients with UC, and no clear evidence for chemotherapy exists for them. However, a retrospective cohort study and case reports showed that relatively promising results paclitaxel-containing regimens for treatment of patients with unresectable UC. Furthermore, high programmed cell death protein 1 expression has been reported in sarcomatoid UCs and UCOGCs, and promising responses to anti-programmed death-ligand 1 therapy have been described in case reports of UCOGCs. Recent advances in chemotherapeutic agents and molecular technologies are opening up the possibilities for expanded treatments.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Pancreas
PubMed: 37325968
DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyad062 -
Asian Journal of Surgery Jan 2023Pancreatic head cancer is a highly fatal disease. For now, surgery offers the only potential long-term cure albeit with a high risk of complications. However, the... (Review)
Review
Pancreatic head cancer is a highly fatal disease. For now, surgery offers the only potential long-term cure albeit with a high risk of complications. However, the progress of surgical technique during the past decade has resulted in 5-year survival approaching 30% after resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. This paper presents current data on the recommended extent of lymphadenectomy, the resection margin, on the definition of resectable and borderline resectable tumors and mesopancreas. Surgical techniques proposed to improve PD are presented: the artery first approach, the uncinate process first, the mesopancreas first approach, the triangle operation, periarterial divestment, and multiorgan resection.
Topics: Humans; Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Pancreas; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Margins of Excision
PubMed: 35680512
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.05.117 -
IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health... May 2021Pancreas identification and segmentation is an essential task in the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreas disease. Although deep neural networks have been widely applied...
Pancreas identification and segmentation is an essential task in the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreas disease. Although deep neural networks have been widely applied in abdominal organ segmentation, it is still challenging for small organs (e.g. pancreas) that present low contrast, highly flexible anatomical structure and relatively small region. In recent years, coarse-to-fine methods have improved pancreas segmentation accuracy by using coarse predictions in the fine stage, but only object location is utilized and rich image context is neglected. In this paper, we propose a novel distance-based saliency-aware model, namely DSD-ASPP-Net, to fully use coarse segmentation to highlight the pancreas feature and boost accuracy in the fine segmentation stage. Specifically, a DenseASPP (Dense Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling) model is trained to learn the pancreas location and probability map, which is then transformed into saliency map through geodesic distance-based saliency transformation. In the fine stage, saliency-aware modules that combine saliency map and image context are introduced into DenseASPP to develop the DSD-ASPP-Net. The architecture of DenseASPP brings multi-scale feature representation and achieves larger receptive field in a denser way, which overcome the difficulties brought by variable object sizes and locations. Our method was evaluated on both public NIH pancreas dataset and local hospital dataset, and achieved an average Dice-Sørensen Coefficient (DSC) value of 85.49±4.77% on the NIH dataset, outperforming former coarse-to-fine methods.
Topics: Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Neural Networks, Computer; Pancreas; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 32915752
DOI: 10.1109/JBHI.2020.3023462 -
Revista de Gastroenterologia de Mexico... 2022
Topics: Abdomen; Choristoma; Humans; Pancreas
PubMed: 35527198
DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2022.04.002 -
Biochimie Sep 2021Aquaglyceroporins are a group of the aquaporin (AQP) family of transmembrane water channels. While AQPs facilitate the passage of water, small solutes, and gases across... (Review)
Review
Aquaglyceroporins are a group of the aquaporin (AQP) family of transmembrane water channels. While AQPs facilitate the passage of water, small solutes, and gases across biological membranes, aquaglyceroporins allow passage of water, glycerol, urea and some other solutes. Thanks to their glycerol permeability, aquaglyceroporins are involved in energy homeostasis. This review provides an overview of what is currently known concerning the functional implication and control of aquaglyceroporins in tissues involved in energy metabolism, i.e. liver, adipose tissue and endocrine pancreas. The expression, role and (dys)regulation of aquaglyceroporins in disorders affecting energy metabolism, and the potential relevance of aquaglyceroporins as drug targets to treat the alterations of the energy balance is also addressed.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Animals; Aquaglyceroporins; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Liver; Pancreas
PubMed: 33689852
DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.03.001 -
Immunology and Cell Biology May 2021The discovery of Langerhans and microscopic description of islets in the pancreas were crucial steps in the discovery of insulin. Over the past 150 years, many... (Review)
Review
The discovery of Langerhans and microscopic description of islets in the pancreas were crucial steps in the discovery of insulin. Over the past 150 years, many discoveries in islet biology and type 1 diabetes have been made using powerful microscopic techniques. In the past decade, combination of new probes, animal and tissue models, application of new biosensors and automation of light and electron microscopic methods and other (sub)cellular imaging modalities have proven their potential in understanding the beta cell under (patho)physiological conditions. The imaging evolution, from fluorescent jellyfish to real-time intravital functional imaging, the revolution in automation and data handling and the increased resolving power of analytical imaging techniques are now converging. Here, we review innovative approaches that address islet biology from new angles by studying cells and molecules at high spatiotemporal resolution and in live models. Broad implementation of these cellular imaging techniques will shed new light on cause/consequence of (mal)function in islets of Langerhans in the years to come.
Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Islets of Langerhans; Microscopy; Pancreas
PubMed: 33667022
DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12450 -
Pancreatology : Official Journal of the... Oct 2020Zinc is an essential trace element. Deficiencies are frequently seen with gastrointestinal diseases, including chronic pancreatitis, nutritional deficiency, and reduced... (Review)
Review
Zinc is an essential trace element. Deficiencies are frequently seen with gastrointestinal diseases, including chronic pancreatitis, nutritional deficiency, and reduced intestinal absorption. Additionally, reduced zinc levels have been linked to cellular changes associated with acute pancreatitis such as enhanced inflammation with increased macrophage activation and production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, impaired autophagy, and modulation of calcium homeostasis. Preliminary data suggest that zinc deficiency may lead to pancreatic injury in animal models. The purpose of this review is to explore the biologic effects of zinc deficiency that could impact pancreatic disease. MESH KEYWORDS: Malnutrition, inflammation, trace element.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Inflammation; Pancreas; Pancreatic Diseases; Zinc
PubMed: 32917512
DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2020.08.016 -
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in... Jul 2020Direct lineage reprogramming of abundant and accessible cells into therapeutically useful cell types holds tremendous potential in regenerative medicine. To date, a... (Review)
Review
Direct lineage reprogramming of abundant and accessible cells into therapeutically useful cell types holds tremendous potential in regenerative medicine. To date, a number of different cell types have been generated by lineage reprogramming methods, including cells from the neural, cardiac, hepatic, and pancreatic lineages. The success of this strategy relies on developmental biology and the knowledge of cell-fate-defining transcriptional networks. Hepatocytes represent a prime target for β cell conversion for numerous reasons, including close developmental origin, accessibility, and regenerative potential. We present here an overview of pancreatic and hepatic development, with a particular focus on the mechanisms underlying the divergence between the two cell lineages. Additionally, we discuss to what extent this lineage relationship can be exploited in efforts to reprogram one cell type into the other and whether such an approach may provide a suitable strategy for regenerative therapies of diabetes.
Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Lineage; Cell Plasticity; Cellular Reprogramming; Diabetes Mellitus; Hepatocytes; Humans; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Ligands; Liver; Mice; Pancreas; Regeneration; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 31767653
DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035626