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Journal of Anxiety Disorders Mar 2021Pandemics are associated with panic buying (PB) of groceries and other supplies. During the COVID-19 pandemic, community leaders expressed frustration and bewilderment... (Review)
Review
Pandemics are associated with panic buying (PB) of groceries and other supplies. During the COVID-19 pandemic, community leaders expressed frustration and bewilderment about PB. Psychological explanatory concepts, including those from social learning theory and the concept of the behavioral immune system, along with recent research, suggests the following account of pandemic-related PB. PB arises when people are told to go into self-isolation as part of pandemic containment interventions. Empirically, episodes of PB typically last 7-10 days and are likely initiated by highly fearful people. PB by an anxious minority of shoppers leads to fear contagion among other shoppers, amplified by widespread dissemination, via social media, of images and videos of PB and empty shelves in stores. Thus, a snow-balling effect arises where fear of scarcity creates real but short-term scarcity. People who are highly frightened of infection tend to have heightened disgust proneness. Toilet paper is a means of escaping disgust stimuli, and for this and other reasons, toilet paper became a target of PB for people frightened of contracting COVID-19. Exploitative or selfish over-purchasing also occurred, motivated by "dark" (e.g., psychopathic) personality traits. "Don't panic!" messages from community leaders were ineffective or counter-productive. Alternative forms of messaging are discussed.
Topics: Anxiety; COVID-19; Communication; Consumer Behavior; Humans; Pandemics; Panic; Public Opinion; Social Media
PubMed: 33517219
DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102364 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2021The classic gut hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) and its CCK-receptor are expressed in almost all regions of the brain. This widespread expression makes CCK by far the most... (Review)
Review
The classic gut hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) and its CCK-receptor are expressed in almost all regions of the brain. This widespread expression makes CCK by far the most abundant peptidergic transmitter system in the brain. This CNS-ubiquity has, however, complicated the delineation of the roles of CCK peptides in normal brain functions and neuropsychiatric diseases. Nevertheless, the common panic disorder disease is apparently associated with CCK in the brain. Thus, the C-terminal tetrapeptide fragment of CCK (CCK-4) induces, by intravenous administration in a dose-related manner, panic attacks that are similar to the endogenous attacks in panic disorder patients. This review describes the history behind the discovery of the panicogenic effect of CCK-4. Subsequently, the review discusses three unsettled questions about the involvement of cerebral CCK in the pathogenesis of anxiety and panic disorder, including therapeutic attempts with CCK-receptor antagonists.
Topics: Adult; Cholecystokinin; Humans; Panic Disorder
PubMed: 34577128
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185657 -
Psychophysiology Aug 2019The present article aims to illustrate and review evidence on how associative learning involving interoceptive stimuli (interoceptive conditioning) can lead to changes... (Review)
Review
The present article aims to illustrate and review evidence on how associative learning involving interoceptive stimuli (interoceptive conditioning) can lead to changes in physiological, emotional, and perceptual outcomes. We first outline a functional perspective on Pavlovian conditioning and provide a general introduction and historical background on interoceptive conditioning as a special instance of Pavlovian conditioning. Next, biological and learning accounts of panic disorder are discussed, followed by an analysis of which stimuli and responses may be most promising to model learning that is relevant to panic disorder. Finally, studies on interoceptive fear conditioning with respiratory stimuli are reviewed and discussed, and future directions are outlined.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Association Learning; Conditioning, Classical; Fear; Humans; Interoception; Panic Disorder
PubMed: 31228272
DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13421 -
Nepal Journal of Epidemiology Sep 2022Panic buying has been reported during a period of crisis when people buy an extra amount of essential commodities and hoard them anticipating their future utility. As a... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Panic buying has been reported during a period of crisis when people buy an extra amount of essential commodities and hoard them anticipating their future utility. As a newer entity, a bibliometric analysis would reveal the research gaps for further studies. We aimed to do a bibliometric analysis of researches published on panic buying over the past two decades.
METHODS
A literature search was conducted in the SCOPUS database using the keyword "panic buying". All published research in the English language between 1 January 2001 to 1 August 2021 was included in the analysis of this study.
RESULTS
We identified a total of 142 articles on panic buying published over the past two decades. There is an exponential increase in the publication on this topic during the COVID-19 pandemic (n=127). Majority of the articles were published from the United States (n=23), followed by the United Kingdom (n=20), and China (n=20). The and published the highest number of articles (eight each). Arafat SMY published the highest number of publications as a single author (n=10) and , Bangladesh has the highest number of papers as an institution (n=10). Among all the publishers, Elsevier has published the maximum number of papers (n=38).
CONCLUSION
There is an exponential growth of panic buying research during 2020-21. The global crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic has been attributed to the recent rise in panic buying research.
PubMed: 36407053
DOI: 10.3126/nje.v12i3.43436 -
The Primary Care Companion For CNS... Feb 2021
Topics: Anxiety; COVID-19; Humans; Panic; Panic Disorder; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34000140
DOI: 10.4088/PCC.20l02826 -
American Family Physician Aug 2022
Topics: Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Humans; Panic Disorder; Phobic Disorders
PubMed: 35977133
DOI: No ID Found -
International Maritime Health 2023Scuba diving is an activity that people engage in both for recreational purposes as well as having professional, commercial, and military applications. Scuba diving has... (Review)
Review
Scuba diving is an activity that people engage in both for recreational purposes as well as having professional, commercial, and military applications. Scuba diving has often been considered a high-risk activity but, overall, scuba diving has been shown to be a safe activity when divers participate within their experiential, physical, and psychological limits. However, increased physical and psychological stress can quickly arise during diving activities due to unexpected events and situations and may lead to the onset of panic in an unprepared diver. Dive safety is dependent on the ability of a diver to understand the primary signs of stress and panic and attempt to minimise their potential impacts on the immediate situation. The purpose of this review is to examine the stress response in divers, illustrate the role that panic plays in potential diving accidents and fatalities, and provide recommendations to both help understand and manage stress and panic in the diving community in an effort to further increase the overall safety of scuba diving across all applications.
Topics: Humans; Diving; Stress, Physiological; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 37781945
DOI: 10.5603/imh.91707 -
Psychiatry 2023
Topics: Humans; Panic; Psychology, Social; Panic Disorder
PubMed: 38149710
DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2023.2289817 -
Heliyon Apr 2024Panic Disorder is a serious anxiety disorder, and one of the severe mental problems that impacts mothers' mental health and fetal health as well. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Panic Disorder is a serious anxiety disorder, and one of the severe mental problems that impacts mothers' mental health and fetal health as well.
AIM
The current scoping review aims to provide a wide overview of the literature regarding panic disorder during pregnancy.
METHODS
Twenty-five eligible articles were selected for full review from SAGE, CINAHL, PubMed, Medline, Research Gate, Science Direct, and Google Scholar literature searches. This review followed the framework suggested by Arksey and O'Malley for a scoping review.
RESULTS
Content analysis of the studies was done, and five categories have been identified: Panic disorder course during pregnancy; prevalence of panic disorder during pregnancy; factors associated with pregnancy panic disorder; impact of panic disorder during pregnancy; and treatment of panic disorder during pregnancy.
CONCLUSION
A significant gap in the literature, and inconsistent and mixed findings regarding prevalence, impact, associated factors, and treatment of PD during pregnancy exist. This scoping review revealed that more studies need to be conducted to further understand and examine PD during pregnancy.
PubMed: 38601643
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28999 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2021The COVID-19 pandemic has seen an unmatched level of panic buying globally, a type of herd behavior whereby consumers buy an uncommonly huge amount of products because...
The COVID-19 pandemic has seen an unmatched level of panic buying globally, a type of herd behavior whereby consumers buy an uncommonly huge amount of products because of a perception of scarcity. Drawing on the health belief model, perceived scarcity, and anticipated regret theories, this paper formulated a theoretical model that linked the determinants of panic buying and analyzed their interrelationships. Subsequently, data were collated from 508 consumers through an online survey questionnaire in Singapore that was conducted during the early stage of the pandemic, before the onset of the circuit breaker in April 2020. Next, an analysis of the results was done through structural equation modeling. It showed that the effect of the health belief model dimensions (i.e., perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, outcome expectation, cues to action, and self-efficacy) on panic buying is partially mediated by the consumers' perceived scarcity of products. Furthermore, the effect of perceived scarcity on panic buying is partially mediated by consumers' anticipation of regret. This paper expands on the current theoretical understanding of panic buying behavior, giving insights into the possible measures and solutions that policymakers and relevant stakeholders can uptake to manage panic buying in future a pandemic or health crisis.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Pandemics; Panic; SARS-CoV-2; Singapore
PubMed: 33801077
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063247