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Microorganisms Oct 2022Multifaceted microorganisms such as the bacterium colonize a wide range of habitats and can exhibit both beneficial and harmful behaviors, which provide new insights... (Review)
Review
Multifaceted microorganisms such as the bacterium colonize a wide range of habitats and can exhibit both beneficial and harmful behaviors, which provide new insights into microbial ecology. In the agricultural context, several strains of spp. can promote plant growth through direct or indirect mechanisms. Members of this genus contribute to plant growth mainly by increasing the supply of nitrogen, solubilizing ammonia and inorganic phosphate, and producing phytohormones (e.g., auxins). Several other studies have shown the potential of strains of spp. to induce systemic resistance and protection against pests and pathogenic microorganisms in cultivated plants. Strains of the species deserve attention as a pest and phytopathogen control agent. Several of them also possess a biotechnological potential for therapeutic purposes (e.g., immunomodulators) and are implicated in human infections. Thus, the differentiation between the harmful and beneficial strains of is mandatory to apply this bacterium safely as a biofertilizer or biocontroller. This review specifically evaluates the potential of the strain-associated features of for bioprospecting and agricultural applications through its biological versatility as well as clarifying its potential animal and human health risks from a genomic point of view.
PubMed: 36296348
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102072 -
Cureus Feb 2021is a plant pathogen infrequently reported to cause opportunistic bloodstream infections. This gram-negative bacillus is a rare cause of hospital-acquired infections in... (Review)
Review
is a plant pathogen infrequently reported to cause opportunistic bloodstream infections. This gram-negative bacillus is a rare cause of hospital-acquired infections in newborn infants with high mortality. Since the creation of the new genus in 1989, the evidence base available to neonatal health care providers is limited. Most of the available literature consists of case reports and case series. This review aims to consolidate the current reported literature on Pantoea infections, focusing on newborn infants and the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Prematurity and the associated relative immunocompromised state are major risk factors for hospital-acquired infections due to in newborn infants. Recent advances in molecular biology have improved our understanding of the cross-kingdom pathogenesis exhibited by . Respiratory symptoms and association with central venous lines are the most common clinical presentation of bacteremia in newborn infants. Early institution of appropriate antibiotic therapy against this organism could be lifesaving. Therefore, it is critical for neonatologists to understand the clinical spectrum of infections in NICUs.
PubMed: 33643749
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13103 -
Nature Materials Apr 2022Engineered living materials could have the capacity to self-repair and self-replicate, sense local and distant disturbances in their environment, and respond with...
Engineered living materials could have the capacity to self-repair and self-replicate, sense local and distant disturbances in their environment, and respond with functionalities for reporting, actuation or remediation. However, few engineered living materials are capable of both responsivity and use in macroscopic structures. Here we describe the development, characterization and engineering of a fungal-bacterial biocomposite grown on lignocellulosic feedstocks that can form mouldable, foldable and regenerative living structures. We have developed strategies to make human-scale biocomposite structures using mould-based and origami-inspired growth and assembly paradigms. Microbiome profiling of the biocomposite over multiple generations enabled the identification of a dominant bacterial component, Pantoea agglomerans, which was further isolated and developed into a new chassis. We introduced engineered P. agglomerans into native feedstocks to yield living blocks with new biosynthetic and sensing-reporting capabilities. Bioprospecting the native microbiota to develop engineerable chassis constitutes an important strategy to facilitate the development of living biomaterials with new properties and functionalities.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Humans; Pantoea
PubMed: 34857911
DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01123-y -
The New Phytologist Apr 2024
Topics: Herbicides; Plant Weeds; Herbicide Resistance; Weed Control
PubMed: 38320978
DOI: 10.1111/nph.19574 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022Plum bacterial shot-hole caused by (. ) is one of the primary bacterial diseases in plum tree planting areas, resulting in abnormal growth of plum trees and severe...
Plum bacterial shot-hole caused by (. ) is one of the primary bacterial diseases in plum tree planting areas, resulting in abnormal growth of plum trees and severe economic losses. Early diagnosis of . is crucial to effectively control plant diseases. In this study, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) analysis for genome-specific gene sequences was developed for the specific detection of . . We designed the LAMP primers based on the gene of . The best reaction system was 0.2 μmol·L for outer primer F3/B3 and 1.6 μmol·L for inner primer FIP/BIP. The LAMP reaction was optimal at 65°C for 60 min based on the color change and gel electrophoresis. This technology distinguished from other control bacteria. The detection limit of the LAMP technology was 5 fg·μl genomic DNA of . , which is 1,000 times that of the traditional PCR detection method. The LAMP technology could effectively detect the DNA of from the infected leaves without symptoms after indoor inoculation. Furthermore, the LAMP technology was applied successfully to detect field samples, and the field control effect of 0.3% tetramycin after LAMP detection reached 82.51%, which was 7.90% higher than that of conventional control. The proposed LAMP detection technology in this study offers the advantages of ease of operation, visibility of results, rapidity, accuracy, and high sensitivity, making it suitable for the early diagnosis of plum bacteria shot-hole disease.
PubMed: 35694300
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.896567 -
Plants (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2022Bacteria from the genus have been reported to be widely distributed in rice paddy environments with contradictory roles. Some strains promoted rice growth and protected... (Review)
Review
Bacteria from the genus have been reported to be widely distributed in rice paddy environments with contradictory roles. Some strains promoted rice growth and protected rice from pathogen infection or abiotic stress, but other strain exhibited virulence to rice, even causing severe rice disease. In order to effectively utilize in rice production, this paper analyzed the mechanisms underlying beneficial and harmful effects of on rice growth. The beneficial effect of on rice plants includes growth promotion, abiotic alleviation and disease inhibition. The growth promotion may be mainly attributed to nitrogen-fixation, phosphate solubilization, plant physiological change, the biosynthesis of siderophores, exopolysaccharides, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase and phytohormones, including cytokinin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), auxins, abscisic acid and gibberellic acid, while the disease inhibition may be mainly due to the induced resistance, nutrient and spatial competition, as well as the production of a variety of antibiotics. The pathogenic mechanism of can be mainly attributed to bacterial motility, production of phytohormones such as IAA, quorum sensing-related signal molecules and a series of cell wall-degrading enzymes, while the pathogenicity-related genes of include genes encoding plasmids, such as the pPATH plasmid, the hypersensitive response and pathogenicity system, as well as various types of secretion systems, such as T3SS and T6SS. In addition, the existing scientific problems in this field were discussed and future research prospects were proposed.
PubMed: 36235474
DOI: 10.3390/plants11192608 -
International Archives of Occupational... Aug 2022Gram-negative bacteria occur commonly in the inner tissues of stored coniferous and deciduous timber, showing a marked variation in numbers. The greatest maximal numbers... (Review)
Review
OCCURRENCE
Gram-negative bacteria occur commonly in the inner tissues of stored coniferous and deciduous timber, showing a marked variation in numbers. The greatest maximal numbers are found in the sapwood of coniferous timber. The common constituents of the Gram-negative biota are potentially pathogenic species of Enterobacteriaceae family of the genera Rahnella, Pantoea, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella. The air of wood-processing facilities is polluted with the wood-borne Gram-negative bacteria and produced by them endotoxin, as demonstrated worldwide by numerous studies.
EFFECTS
There are three potential pathways of the pathogenic impact of wood-borne Gram-negative bacteria on exposed woodworkers: allergic, immunotoxic, and infectious. Allergic impact has been underestimated for a long time with relation to Gram-negative bacteria. Hopefully, the recent demonstration of the first documented case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) in woodworkers caused by Pantoea agglomerans which developed in extremely large quantities in birch sapwood, would speed up finding of new wood-related cases of HP caused by Gram-negative bacteria. The second pathway is associated with endotoxin, exerting strong immunotoxic (excessively immunostimulative) action. It has been demonstrated that endotoxin is released into wood dust in the form of nano-sized microvesicles, by peeling off the outer membrane of bacteria. Endotoxin microvesicles are easily inhaled by humans together with dust because of small dimensions and aerodynamic shape. Afterwards, they cause a nonspecific activation of lung macrophages, which release numerous inflammatory mediators causing an inflammatory lung reaction, chest tightness, fever, gas exchange disorders, and bronchospasm, without radiographic changes. The resulting disease is known as "Organic Dust Toxic Syndrome" or "toxic pneumonitis." The potential third pathway of pathogenic impact is infection. The suspected species is Klebsiella pneumoniae that may occur commonly in wood dust; however, until now this pathway has not been confirmed.
CONCLUSION
Summarizing, Gram-negative bacteria-inhabiting timber should be considered, besides filamentous fungi and actinobacteria, as important risk factors of occupational disease in woodworkers that could be either HP with allergenic background or toxic pneumonitis elicited by endotoxin.
Topics: Bacteria; Dust; Endotoxins; Fungi; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Occupational Exposure; Wood
PubMed: 35015109
DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01829-1 -
Biomolecules May 2020The 8488 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was isolated, purified and characterized by monosaccharide and fatty acid analysis. The O-polysaccharide and lipid A components of the...
The 8488 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was isolated, purified and characterized by monosaccharide and fatty acid analysis. The O-polysaccharide and lipid A components of the LPS were separated by mild acid degradation. Lipid A was studied by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and found to consist of hexa-, penta-, tetra- and tri-acylated species. Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy revealed the following structure of the O-polysaccharide repeating unit →3)-α-L-Rha(1→6)-α-D-Man(1→3)-α-L-Fuc-(1→3)-β-D-GlcNAc-(1→. The LPS showed a low level of toxicity, was not pyrogenic, and reduced the adhesiveness index of microorganisms to 2.12, which was twofold less than the control. LPS modified by complex compounds of germanium (IV) and tin (IV) were obtained. It was found that six LPS samples modified by Sn compounds and two LPS samples modified by Ge compounds lost their toxic activity when administered to mice in a dose of LD (105 µg/mice or 5 mg/kg). However, none of the modified LPS samples changed their serological activity in an Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion test in agar.
Topics: Animals; Germanium; Lethal Dose 50; Lipid A; Mice; O Antigens; Organometallic Compounds; Pantoea; Tin
PubMed: 32456025
DOI: 10.3390/biom10050804 -
Microbiome Dec 2022Plants and their associated microbiota constitute an assemblage of species known as holobionts. The plant seed microbiome plays an important role in nutrient uptake and...
BACKGROUND
Plants and their associated microbiota constitute an assemblage of species known as holobionts. The plant seed microbiome plays an important role in nutrient uptake and stress attenuation. However, the core vertically transmitted endophytes remain largely unexplored.
RESULTS
To gain valuable insights into the vertical transmission of rice seed core endophytes, we conducted a large-scale analysis of the microbiomes of two generations of six different rice varieties from five microhabitats (bulk soil, rhizosphere, root, stem, and seed) from four geographic locations. We showed that the microhabitat rather than the geographic location and rice variety was the primary driver of the rice microbiome assemblage. The diversity and network complexity of the rice-associated microbiome decreased steadily from far to near the roots, rice exterior to interior, and from belowground to aboveground niches. Remarkably, the microbiomes of the roots, stems, and seeds of the rice interior compartments were not greatly influenced by the external environment. The core bacterial endophytes of rice were primarily comprised of 14 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), 10 of which, especially ASV_2 (Pantoea) and ASV_48 (Xanthomonas), were identified as potentially vertically transmitted taxa because they existed across generations, were rarely present in exterior rice microhabitats, and were frequently isolated from rice seeds. The genome sequences of Pantoea and Xanthomonas isolated from the parental and offspring seeds showed a high degree of average nucleotide and core protein identity, indicating vertical transmission of seed endophytes across generations. In silico prediction indicated that the seed endophytes Pantoea and Xanthomonas possessed streamlined genomes with short lengths, low-complexity metabolism, and various plant growth-promoting traits. We also found that all strains of Pantoea and Xanthomonas exhibited cellulase activity and produced indole-3-acetic acid. However, most strains exhibited insignificant antagonism to the major pathogens of rice, such as Magnaporthe oryzae and X. oryzae pv. oryzae.
CONCLUSION
Overall, our study revealed that microhabitats, rather than site-specific environmental factors or host varieties, shape the rice microbiome. We discovered the vertically transmitted profiles and keystone taxa of the rice microbiome, which led to the isolation of culturable seed endophytes and investigation of their potential roles in plant-microbiome interactions. Our results provide insights on vertically transmitted microbiota and suggest new avenues for improving plant fitness via the manipulation of seed-associated microbiomes. Video Abstract.
Topics: Oryza; Endophytes; Seeds
PubMed: 36482381
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01422-9 -
BMJ Case Reports Jun 2024Enteric gram-negative bacteria-associated peritoneal dialysis (PD) peritonitis is common. These organisms are such as , and species. Pantoea dispersa belongs to the...
Enteric gram-negative bacteria-associated peritoneal dialysis (PD) peritonitis is common. These organisms are such as , and species. Pantoea dispersa belongs to the order Enterobacterales, it has known benefits and a role in agricultural and environmental biotechnology. Pantoea dispersa, although still relatively rare, is being increasingly recognised to cause human infections. We are reporting a case of PD peritonitis caused by Pantoea dispersa in a kidney failure patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). His peritonitis was treated well with intraperitoneal antibiotics and the patient can resume his CAPD therapy. The increasing reports of Pantoea dispersa-related human infections warrant concerns, both in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients.
Topics: Humans; Pantoea; Male; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; Peritonitis; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Catheter-Related Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38844354
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2024-260878