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International Journal of Toxicology Dec 2022The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Panthenol, Pantothenic Acid, and 5 derivatives as used in cosmetics. These ingredients...
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Panthenol, Pantothenic Acid, and 5 derivatives as used in cosmetics. These ingredients named in this report are reported to function in cosmetics as hair conditioning agents, and Panthenol also is reported to function as a skin-conditioning agent-humectant and a solvent. The Panel reviewed relevant data for these ingredients, and concluded that these 7 ingredients are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use concentration described in this safety assessment.
Topics: Consumer Product Safety; Cosmetics; Hygroscopic Agents; Pantothenic Acid; Risk Assessment; Solvents
PubMed: 36177798
DOI: 10.1177/10915818221124809 -
Cell Reports Nov 2022Metabolic rewiring is essential for Th17 cells' functional identity to sense and interpret environmental cues. However, the environmental metabolic checkpoints with...
Metabolic rewiring is essential for Th17 cells' functional identity to sense and interpret environmental cues. However, the environmental metabolic checkpoints with specific regulation of Th17 cells, manifesting potential therapeutic opportunities to autoimmune diseases, remain largely unknown. Here, by screening more than one hundred compounds derived from intestinal microbes or diet, we found that vitamin B5 (VB5) restrains Th17 cell differentiation as well as related autoimmune diseases such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and colitis. Mechanistically, VB5 is catabolized into coenzyme A (CoA) in a pantothenate kinase (PANK)-dependent manner, and in turn, CoA binds to pyruvate kinase isoform 2 (PKM2) to impede its phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, thus inhibiting glycolysis and STAT3 phosphorylation. In humans, reduced serum VB5 levels are found in both IBD and MS patients. Collectively, our study demonstrates a role of VB5 in Th17 cell metabolic reprograming, thus providing a potential therapeutic intervention for Th17 cell-associated autoimmune diseases.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Pyruvate Kinase; Pantothenic Acid; Th17 Cells; Protein Isoforms; Coenzyme A; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
PubMed: 36450257
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111741 -
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 2023Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a disease characterized by the accumulation of excessive fat in the liver, which can lead to fibrosis and has an increasing...
OBJECTIVES
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a disease characterized by the accumulation of excessive fat in the liver, which can lead to fibrosis and has an increasing prevalence. NAFLD requires non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers. While typically observed in overweight individuals, it can also occur in non-obese/non-overweight individuals. Comparative studies on non-obese NAFLD patients are scarce. This study aimed to conduct a using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based metabolic profiling of non-obese NAFLD patients and healthy controls.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The patient group consisted of 27 individuals with NAFLD, while the healthy control group included 39 individuals. Both groups were between 18 and 40 years old, had a BMI of less than 25 and had alcohol consumption less than 20 g/week for men and 10 g/week for women. Serum samples were collected and analyzed using LC-MS/MS. The data were analyzed using the TidyMass and MetaboAnalyst.
RESULTS
The LC-MS/MS analyses detected significant changes in D-amino acid metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism, apoptosis, mTOR signaling pathway, lysine degradation, and phenylalanine metabolism pathways in non-obese NAFLD patients. Significant changes were also observed in the metabolites D-pantothenic acid, hypoxanthine, citric acid, citramalic acid, L-phenylalanine, glutamine, and histamine-trifluoromethyl-toluidide, β-hydroxymyristic acid, DL-Lactic acid, and 3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the metabolic changes associated with non-obese NAFLD patients and can contribute to the development of non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for NAFLD.
CONCLUSIONS
This study sheds light on the metabolic changes in non-obese NAFLD patients. Further research is needed to better understand the metabolic changes associated with NAFLD and to develop effective treatment options.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Chromatography, Liquid; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Biomarkers
PubMed: 37337892
DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2023.2225667 -
Molecular Neurodegeneration Dec 2023Untargeted high-resolution metabolomic profiling provides simultaneous measurement of thousands of metabolites. Metabolic networks based on these data can help uncover...
BACKGROUND
Untargeted high-resolution metabolomic profiling provides simultaneous measurement of thousands of metabolites. Metabolic networks based on these data can help uncover disease-related perturbations across interconnected pathways.
OBJECTIVE
Identify metabolic disturbances associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) in two population-based studies using untargeted metabolomics.
METHODS
We performed a metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) of PD using serum-based untargeted metabolomics data derived from liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) using two distinct population-based case-control populations. We also combined our results with a previous publication of 34 metabolites linked to PD in a large-scale, untargeted MWAS to assess external validation.
RESULTS
LC-HRMS detected 4,762 metabolites for analysis (HILIC: 2716 metabolites; C18: 2046 metabolites). We identified 296 features associated with PD at FDR<0.05, 134 having a log fold change (FC) beyond ±0.5 (228 beyond ±0.25). Of these, 104 were independently associated with PD in both discovery and replication studies at p<0.05 (170 at p<0.10), while 27 were associated with levodopa-equivalent dose among the PD patients. Intriguingly, among the externally validated features were the microbial-related metabolites, p-cresol glucuronide (FC=2.52, 95% CI=1.67, 3.81, FDR=7.8e-04) and p-cresol sulfate. P-cresol glucuronide was also associated with motor symptoms among patients. Additional externally validated metabolites associated with PD include phenylacetyl-L-glutamine, trigonelline, kynurenine, biliverdin, and pantothenic acid. Novel associations include the anti-inflammatory metabolite itaconate (FC=0.79, 95% CI=0.73, 0.86; FDR=2.17E-06) and cysteine-S-sulfate (FC=1.56, 95% CI=1.39, 1.75; FDR=3.43E-11). Seventeen pathways were enriched, including several related to amino acid and lipid metabolism.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results revealed PD-associated metabolites, confirming several previous observations, including for p-cresol glucuronide, and newly implicating interesting metabolites, such as itaconate. Our data also suggests metabolic disturbances in amino acid and lipid metabolism and inflammatory processes in PD.
Topics: Humans; Amino Acids; Parkinson Disease; Lipid Metabolism; Glucuronides
PubMed: 38115046
DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00694-5 -
Food Research International (Ottawa,... Oct 2022nutrients are closely related to consumer health. In this study, the contents of 22 amino acids in four glutinous rice varieties were quantified by LC-MS-targeted...
nutrients are closely related to consumer health. In this study, the contents of 22 amino acids in four glutinous rice varieties were quantified by LC-MS-targeted metabolomics, and the relationships between nutritional components and metabolites were analysed. The results demonstrated that gingerglycolipid B and pantothenic acid were significantly negatively correlated with Ala. The Lys and Cys-Cys contents of ZN18 and YZN were significantly higher than those of YCN and ZN20. Citric acid was significantly positively correlated with Lys and Cys-Cys. The ascorbic acid content of YZN and ZN18 was significantly higher than that of YCN and ZN20. YZN had the highest Mn, Zn, Ca, and crude fat contents. Gingerglycolipid B and pantothenic acid were significantly negatively correlated with Mn and Zn. Gingerglycolipid B and pantothenic acid are closely related to other nutritional components, and they are important metabolites formed by the nutrient components of purple glutinous rice.
Topics: Nutrients; Oryza; Pantothenic Acid
PubMed: 36076393
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111686 -
Food Science & Nutrition Nov 2021Fermented foods are an essential source of nutrition for the communities living in developing areas of the world. Additionally, traditional fermented products are a rich... (Review)
Review
Fermented foods are an essential source of nutrition for the communities living in developing areas of the world. Additionally, traditional fermented products are a rich source of various bioactive components. Experimental research regarding the functional exploration of these products is a way forward for better human health. Among fermented foods, Koumiss is rich in vitamins especially vitamin C and minerals, i.e., phosphorus and calcium. In addition, it is also rich in vitamins A, E, B2, B12, and pantothenic acid. High concentrations of lactose in milk favor bacterial fermentation, as the original cultures decompose it into lactic acid. Koumiss contains essential fatty acids such as linoleic and linolenic acid. Koumiss offers many health benefits including boosting the immune system and maintains blood pressure, good effect on the kidneys, endocrine glands, gut system, liver, and nervous and vascular system. The rich microflora from the fermented product has a pivotal role in maintaining gut health and treating various digestive diseases. The core focus of the current review paper is to highlight the nutritional and therapeutic potential, i.e., anticarcinogenic, hypocholesterolemia effect, antioxidative properties, antibacterial properties, antibacterial spectrum, intestinal enlargement, and β-galactosidase activity, of Koumiss as a traditional fermented product. Moreover, history and production technology of the Koumiss are also the main part of this review paper.
PubMed: 34760271
DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2595 -
Frontiers in Chemistry 2021The main effect of Vanin-1/VNN1 is related to its pantetheinase sulfhydrylase activity, which can hydrolyze pantetheine into pantothenic acid and cysteamine. In recent...
The main effect of Vanin-1/VNN1 is related to its pantetheinase sulfhydrylase activity, which can hydrolyze pantetheine into pantothenic acid and cysteamine. In recent studies, the enzymatic activity of vanin-1/VNN1 has been found to be essential in the development of many diseases. The study of specific vanin-1/VNN1 inhibitors can give us a deeper understanding of its role in the disease process. In this study, different skeletal inhibitors were designed and synthesized using pyrimidine amide compounds as lead compounds. In order to screen inhibitors intuitively, a fluorescent probe PA-AFC for evaluation of inhibitors was designed and synthesized in this study, which has good sensitivity and specificity. The bioluminescent probe PA-AL was then used for cellular level and inhibitor evaluation. This screening method was convenient, economical and highly accurate. Finally, these inhibitors were applied to a mouse colitis model, confirming that vanin-1 is useful in IBD and providing a new therapeutic direction.
PubMed: 35155380
DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.809495 -
Voprosy Pitaniia 2020Carrot juice is one of the main products of carrot processing and the second most popular vegetable juice after tomato. Due to the presence of a complex of various...
UNLABELLED
Carrot juice is one of the main products of carrot processing and the second most popular vegetable juice after tomato. Due to the presence of a complex of various nutritive and biologically active substances (BAS) carrot juice can make a significant contribution to maintaining human healthy diet. The aim of the study was to establish the nutrient profile of carrot juice.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A study of parameters of carrot juice of industrial production, characterizing its nutritional and biological value was carried out. The results of these experiments were compared with the data of BAS profiles of carrot juice from reference books and scientific publications.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The established nutrient profile includes data about content of more than 30 nutritients and BAS. The sucrose is the predominant carbohydrate in carrot juice; glucose and fructose concentrations are substantially lower. Among organic acids predominates L-malic acid whereas content of citric acid is usually 5-10 fold lower than that of L-malic acid. The total acidity of carrot juice is low, on average 0.25 mg of organic acids is present in 100 cm of juice. Carrot juice is a relatively rich source of a number of vitamins and minerals. A serving (200-250 cm) of industrial carrot juice on average contains around 18% of the recommended daily intake (RDI) for potassium, 9% for magnesium, 8% for iron, 12% for copper and 14% for manganese. Vitamins are represented to a large extent by β-carotene and other carotenoids (more than 400% of the RDI in a serving), as well as niacin, biotin and pantothenic acid - about 7% of the RDI in a serving for each of these vitamins. The content of vitamins E and K in serving averages 17 and 10% of the RDI respectively. Not clarified carrot juice contains about 1.1 g of dietary fiber in 100 cm, including pectins - about 0.2 g/100 cm.
CONCLUSION
Based on the results of this investigation the carrot juice might be considered as a substantial source of minor BAS mostly carotenoids, vitamins E and K, group B vitamins: niacin, biotin, pantothenic acid, mineral substances: potassium, magnesium, iron, copper, manganese, as well as dietary fiber.
Topics: Carotenoids; Daucus carota; Dietary Fiber; Fruit and Vegetable Juices; Humans; Minerals
PubMed: 32083829
DOI: 10.24411/0042-8833-2020-10010 -
Nutrients Jul 2019L. is a well-known fruit worldwide, and its highest production occurs in tropical and subtropical regions. The pulp contains vitamins A, C, and E, B complex vitamins,... (Review)
Review
L. is a well-known fruit worldwide, and its highest production occurs in tropical and subtropical regions. The pulp contains vitamins A, C, and E, B complex vitamins, such as pantothenic acid and folate, and minerals, such as magnesium and potassium, as well as food fibers. Phenolic compounds, such as benzyl isothiocyanate, glucosinolates, tocopherols (α and δ), β-cryptoxanthin, β-carotene and carotenoids, are found in the seeds. The oil extracted from the seed principally presents oleic fatty acid followed by palmitic, linoleic and stearic acids, whereas the leaves have high contents of food fibers and polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, pro-anthocyanins, tocopherol, and benzyl isothiocyanate. Studies demonstrated that the nutrients present in its composition have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system, protecting it against cardiovascular illnesses and preventing harm caused by free radicals. It has also been reported that it aids in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and in the reduction of cholesterol levels. Thus, both the pulp and the other parts of the plant (leaves and seeds) present antioxidant, anti-hypertensive, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic actions, which, in turn, can contribute to the prevention and treatment of obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
Topics: Carica; Dietary Supplements; Fruit; Humans; Metabolic Syndrome; Nutritive Value; Phytochemicals
PubMed: 31315213
DOI: 10.3390/nu11071608