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The American Journal of Dermatopathology Oct 2023Understanding nail pathology is complex for general pathologists and even for those dermatopathologists who do not receive many nail samples in their laboratories. In...
Understanding nail pathology is complex for general pathologists and even for those dermatopathologists who do not receive many nail samples in their laboratories. In this article, we attempt to review some of the primary entities in nail pathology with the aid of modern interpretations of nail histology and embryology. We also provide diagrams that can aid in comprehending this field of pathology.
Topics: Humans; Pathologists; Histological Techniques
PubMed: 37732686
DOI: 10.1097/DAD.0000000000002466 -
Surgical Pathology Clinics Jun 2021Although clinicians often put vasculitis and microvascular occlusion in the same differential diagnosis, biopsy findings often are either vasculitis or occlusion.... (Review)
Review
Although clinicians often put vasculitis and microvascular occlusion in the same differential diagnosis, biopsy findings often are either vasculitis or occlusion. However, both vasculitis and occlusion are present in some cases of levamisole-associated vasculopathy and certain infections. Depth of dermal involvement and vessel size should be reported, because superficial and deep small vessel leukocytoclastic vasculitis and/or involvement of medium-sized vessels may be associated with systemic disease. Microvascular occlusion of vessels in the fat should prompt consideration of calciphylaxis. Clues to ultimate clinical diagnosis can be garnered from depth of involvement, size of vessels affected, and presence of both vasculitis and occlusion.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Pathologists; Vasculitis; Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous
PubMed: 34023108
DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2021.01.006 -
Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology Sep 2023Pathologic processes affecting the oral and maxillofacial region include a heterogenous group of diseases with widely variable biologic behaviors. Proper patient... (Review)
Review
Pathologic processes affecting the oral and maxillofacial region include a heterogenous group of diseases with widely variable biologic behaviors. Proper patient management begins with the establishment of an accurate diagnosis, which often relies on histopathologic interpretation of small tissue samples from oral lesions. While confident diagnosis of small oral biopsies can be challenging, an understanding of oral and maxillofacial disease and consistent clinicopathologic correlation can help pathologists recognize inflammatory confounders and overcome common errors in specimen management, including insufficient sample size and non-representative biopsy samples.
Topics: Humans; Biopsy; Pathologists
PubMed: 37117100
DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2023.03.001 -
Annales de Pathologie Apr 2020
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary; Oncogenes; Pathologists
PubMed: 32178890
DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2020.02.016 -
Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of... Nov 2023Pathology laboratories are increasingly using digital workflows. This has the potential of increasing laboratory efficiency, but the digitization process also involves... (Review)
Review
Pathology laboratories are increasingly using digital workflows. This has the potential of increasing laboratory efficiency, but the digitization process also involves major challenges. Several reports have been published describing the individual experiences of specific laboratories with the digitization process. However, a comprehensive overview of the lessons learned is still lacking. We provide an overview of the lessons learned for different aspects of the digitization process, including digital case management, digital slide reading, and computer-aided slide reading. We also cover metrics used for monitoring performance and pitfalls and corresponding values observed in practice. The overview is intended to help pathologists, information technology decision makers, and administrators to benefit from the experiences of others and to implement the digitization process in an optimal way to make their own laboratory future-proof.
Topics: Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Pathologists; Laboratories
PubMed: 37657651
DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100244 -
The American Journal of Pathology Jan 2022
Topics: Animals; Financing, Organized; Humans; Mice; Mutation; Pathologists; Periodicals as Topic
PubMed: 34762872
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.11.001 -
American Journal of Clinical Pathology Nov 2021Consultation on surgical pathology specimens is part of the daily professional practice of every pathologist. We evaluated the characteristics of a good consultant and...
OBJECTIVES
Consultation on surgical pathology specimens is part of the daily professional practice of every pathologist. We evaluated the characteristics of a good consultant and the habits that should be avoided.
METHODS
A 1-page questionnaire was prepared to evaluate how pathologists select their consultants.
RESULTS
The questionnaire was emailed to 106 pathologists. Fifty-eight pathologists completed the questionnaire (55% response rate). The most important criteria for a consultant were knowledge and expertise. Accessibility, turnaround time, and teaching (providing explanation about the case) were selected next for choosing a consultant. The 2 factors that contributed to avoiding a consultant were expensive workup and changing the diagnosis. Open questions about "definition of best/worst consultant," "when to change the consultant," and "if the criteria for consultant have changed over time" provided additional valuable information.
CONCLUSIONS
Accessibility, short turnaround time, and teaching are the most important reasons for selecting a consultant. Performing an expensive workup and being in the habit of changing the diagnosis are the factors that make a consultant less favorable.
Topics: Consultants; Humans; Pathologists; Pathology, Surgical; Referral and Consultation; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34075389
DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab068 -
Pathologica Feb 2021Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are lifelong disorders in which an interaction between genetic and environmental factors is involved. IBDs include two entities:... (Review)
Review
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are lifelong disorders in which an interaction between genetic and environmental factors is involved. IBDs include two entities: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC); these can be adequately diagnosed and distinguished with a correct methodological approach based on communicating exhaustive clinical, endoscopic and laboratory information to the pathologist and performing adequate bioptic sampling and precise morphological signs including crypt architecture, distribution of inflammation and granulomas, when present. IBD needs to be distinguished from non-IBD colitis, mostly at its onset. Moreover, IBDs are associated with an increased risk of developing colorectal adenocarcinoma. In daily pathological practice, correct diagnosis of IBD and its subclassification as well as a correct detection of dysplasia is imperative to establish the best therapeutic approach.
Topics: Colitis; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Italy; Pathologists
PubMed: 33686309
DOI: 10.32074/1591-951X-235 -
The Journal of Pathology Jul 2021The use of three-dimensional (3D) culture models for cancer research has expanded greatly in recent years, with studies in almost every tumor type addressing a wide... (Review)
Review
The use of three-dimensional (3D) culture models for cancer research has expanded greatly in recent years, with studies in almost every tumor type addressing a wide variety of research questions. Multiple distinct 3D culture approaches are now available, each with its own advantages and disadvantages, as well as most effective applications. In this review, we focus on one of these 3D culture models, organoids, in which multicellular units are isolated from primary or metastatic tumors and cultured in extracellular matrix gels. Organoids can be studied in acute cultures for short times after isolation, or passaged and biobanked for long-term use. We define this model system and describe some key studies in which organoid culture models were used to investigate cellular strategies and molecular mechanisms driving cancer initiation and progression, highlighting research questions for which this model is particularly well suited. In addition, as interest in implementing organoid systems continues to expand, we discuss key considerations in developing a new organoid research program. Our goal is to demonstrate the power and utility of organoid models and provide guidance for investigators who are considering implementation of these models in their own research programs. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Topics: Animals; Cell Culture Techniques; Humans; Neoplasms; Organoids; Pathologists
PubMed: 33886125
DOI: 10.1002/path.5684 -
Pathology, Research and Practice Jan 2024Diagnostic workup of cancer patients is highly reliant on the science of pathology using cytopathology, histopathology, and other ancillary techniques like... (Review)
Review
Diagnostic workup of cancer patients is highly reliant on the science of pathology using cytopathology, histopathology, and other ancillary techniques like immunohistochemistry and molecular cytogenetics. Data processing and learning by means of artificial intelligence (AI) has become a spearhead for the advancement of medicine, with pathology and laboratory medicine being no exceptions. ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbot, that was recently launched by OpenAI, is currently a talk of the town, and its role in cancer diagnosis is also being explored meticulously. Pathology workflow by integration of digital slides, implementation of advanced algorithms, and computer-aided diagnostic techniques extend the frontiers of the pathologist's view beyond a microscopic slide and enables effective integration, assimilation, and utilization of knowledge that is beyond human limits and boundaries. Despite of it's numerous advantages in the pathological diagnosis of cancer, it comes with several challenges like integration of digital slides with input language parameters, problems of bias, and legal issues which have to be addressed and worked up soon so that we as a pathologists diagnosing malignancies are on the same band wagon and don't miss the train.
Topics: Humans; Artificial Intelligence; Neoplasms; Algorithms; Cytogenetics; Pathologists
PubMed: 38056135
DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154989