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Oncogene Jul 2022The consistency of the associations between gastric mucosal microbiome and gastric cancer across studies remained unexamined. We aimed to identify universal microbial... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The consistency of the associations between gastric mucosal microbiome and gastric cancer across studies remained unexamined. We aimed to identify universal microbial signatures in gastric carcinogenesis through a meta-analysis of gastric microbiome from multiple studies. Compositional and ecological profiles of gastric microbes across stages of gastric carcinogenesis were significantly altered. Meta-analysis revealed that opportunistic pathobionts Fusobacterium, Parvimonas, Veillonella, Prevotella and Peptostreptococcus were enriched in GC, while commensals Bifidobacterium, Bacillus and Blautia were depleted in comparison to SG. The co-occurring correlation strengths of GC-enriched bacteria were increased along disease progression while those of GC-depleted bacteria were decreased. Eight bacterial taxa, including Veillonella, Dialister, Granulicatella, Herbaspirillum, Comamonas, Chryseobacterium, Shewanella and Helicobacter, were newly identified by this study as universal biomarkers for robustly discriminating GC from SG, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85. Moreover, H. pylori-positive samples exhibited reduced microbial diversity, altered microbiota community and weaker interactions among gastric microbes. Our meta-analysis demonstrated comprehensive and generalizable gastric mucosa microbial features associated with histological stages of gastric carcinogenesis, including GC associated bacteria, diagnostic biomarkers, bacterial network alteration and H. pylori influence.
Topics: Carcinogenesis; Dysbiosis; Gastric Mucosa; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Microbiota; Stomach; Stomach Neoplasms
PubMed: 35680985
DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02377-9 -
Nature Communications Mar 2024Multi-omic studies of the human gut microbiome are crucial for understanding its role in disease across multiple functional layers. Nevertheless, integrating and...
Multi-omic studies of the human gut microbiome are crucial for understanding its role in disease across multiple functional layers. Nevertheless, integrating and analyzing such complex datasets poses significant challenges. Most notably, current analysis methods often yield extensive lists of disease-associated features (e.g., species, pathways, or metabolites), without capturing the multi-layered structure of the data. Here, we address this challenge by introducing "MintTea", an intermediate integration-based approach combining canonical correlation analysis extensions, consensus analysis, and an evaluation protocol. MintTea identifies "disease-associated multi-omic modules", comprising features from multiple omics that shift in concord and that collectively associate with the disease. Applied to diverse cohorts, MintTea captures modules with high predictive power, significant cross-omic correlations, and alignment with known microbiome-disease associations. For example, analyzing samples from a metabolic syndrome study, MintTea identifies a module with serum glutamate- and TCA cycle-related metabolites, along with bacterial species linked to insulin resistance. In another dataset, MintTea identifies a module associated with late-stage colorectal cancer, including Peptostreptococcus and Gemella species and fecal amino acids, in line with these species' metabolic activity and their coordinated gradual increase with cancer development. This work demonstrates the potential of advanced integration methods in generating systems-level, multifaceted hypotheses underlying microbiome-disease interactions.
Topics: Humans; Multiomics; Microbiota; Bacteria; Gastrointestinal Microbiome
PubMed: 38521774
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46888-3 -
Journal of Microbiology (Seoul, Korea) Apr 2023Vaginal microbiome composition was demonstrated to be associated with cervical disease. The colonization characteristics of vaginal microbes and their association with...
Vaginal microbiome composition was demonstrated to be associated with cervical disease. The colonization characteristics of vaginal microbes and their association with the different cervical disease status, especially cervical cancer (CC), are rarely investigated. In this cross-sectional study, we characterized the vaginal microbiome of women with different status of cervical diseases, including 22 NV + (normal tissue with HPV infection), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL, n = 45), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL, n = 36) and CC (n = 27) using bacterial 16S DNA sequencing. Thirty HPV-negative women with normal tissue were used as the control group. We found that higher diversity of microbiome with gradual depletion of Lactobacillus, especially L. crispatus, was associated with the severity of cervical disease. High-risk HPV16 infection was associated with higher microbiome diversity and depletion of Lactobacillus in high-grade cervical diseases (i.e. HSIL and CC). The CC group was characterized by higher levels of Fannyhessea vaginae, Prevotella, Bacteroides, Finegoldia, Vibrio, Veillonella, Peptostreptococcus, and Dialister. Co-occurrence network analyses showed that negative correlations were exclusively observed between Lactobacillus and other bacteria, and almost all non-Lactobacillus bacteria were positively correlated with each other. In particular, the most diverse and complex co-occurrence network of vaginal bacteria, as well as a complete loss of L. crispatus, was observed in women with CC. Logistic regression model identified HPV16 and Lactobacillus as significant risk and protective factors for CC, respectively. These results suggest that specific Lactobacillus species (e.g. L. crispatus and L. iners) can be used as important markers to target prevention measures prioritizing HPV16-infected women and other hrHPV-infected women for test, vaccination and treat initiatives.
Topics: Female; Humans; Dysbiosis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Vagina; Lactobacillus; Bacteria; Microbiota; Papillomavirus Infections; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 37010797
DOI: 10.1007/s12275-023-00039-3 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2023Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common type of cancer, with more than half a million new cases annually. This review focuses on the role of oral dysbiosis... (Review)
Review
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common type of cancer, with more than half a million new cases annually. This review focuses on the role of oral dysbiosis and HPV infection in HNCs, presenting the involved taxons, molecular effectors and pathways, as well as the HPV-associated particularities of genetic and epigenetic changes and of the tumor microenvironment occurred in different stages of tumor development. Oral dysbiosis is associated with the evolution of HNCs, through multiple mechanisms such as inflammation, genotoxins release, modulation of the innate and acquired immune response, carcinogens and anticarcinogens production, generation of oxidative stress, induction of mutations. Thus, novel microbiome-derived biomarkers and interventions could significantly contribute to achieving the desideratum of personalized management of oncologic patients, regarding both early diagnosis and treatment. The results reported by different studies are not always congruent regarding the variations in the abundance of different taxons in HNCs. However, there is a consistent reporting of a higher abundance of Gram-negative species such as , which are probably responsible of chronic inflammation and modulation of tumor microenvironment. is the dominant fungi found in oral carcinoma being also associated with shorter survival rate. Specific microbial signatures (e.g., and ) have been associated with later stages and larger tumor, suggesting their potential to be used as biomarkers for tumor stratification and prognosis. On the other hand, increased abundance of is associated with a reduced risk of HNC. Microbiome could also provide biomarkers for differentiating between oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers as well as between HPV-positive and HPV-negative tumors. Ongoing clinical trials aim to validate non-invasive tests for microbiome-derived biomarkers detection in oral and throat cancers, especially within high-risk populations. Oro-pharyngeal dysbiosis could also impact the HNCs therapy and associated side-effects of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. HPV-positive tumors harbor fewer mutations, as well as different DNA methylation pattern and tumor microenvironment. Therefore, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms by which oral microbiota and HPV infection influence the HNC initiation and progression, screening for HPV infection and vaccination against HPV, adopting a good oral hygiene, and preventing oral dysbiosis are important tools for advancing in the battle with this public health global challenge.
PubMed: 38179168
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1273516 -
Cureus Sep 2023A lung abscess is characterized as a clinical ailment arising from the localized suppurative necrosis of lung parenchyma. This condition primarily results from the...
A lung abscess is characterized as a clinical ailment arising from the localized suppurative necrosis of lung parenchyma. This condition primarily results from the complications of aspiration pneumonia due to anaerobic microorganisms originating from the oral cavity. Clinically, patients typically manifest symptoms such as fever, malaise, and a productive cough persisting over several weeks. The majority of lung abscess cases acquired within the community stem from anaerobic bacterial infections, often exhibiting a polymicrobial nature. We present a 51-year-old female with intrapulmonary abscess and empyema, with isolation of species. She has a 25-pack-year smoking history. Two weeks prior to arrival at our facility, she experienced intermittent shortness of breath, fever, and subjective fever. Her primary care physician ordered an outpatient computed tomography (CT) which showed evidence of a large right-sided fluid collection. Initial chest X-ray at our facility revealed extensive opacification of the middle and right lower hemithorax, believed to be a large-sized pleural effusion with adjacent pneumonia or atelectasis. She was given a working diagnosis of right-sided empyema. Cardiothoracic surgery was consulted and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) was performed. A very large collection of grossly purulent material was evacuated and revealed a large intrapulmonary abscess. Over 400 cc of frank pus was collected and sent for microbiological analysis. Anaerobic culture demonstrated 3+ species and 3+ species. The genus consists of a small, strictly anaerobic, gram-negative cocci that lacks flagella, spores, and capsules. This genus obtains energy from the utilization of short-chain organic acids that are present in the oral cavity and intestinal tract. Oral is strongly associated with biofilms, causing human oral infectious diseases such as periodontitis and dental caries. Literature states that this organism has been isolated in a limited number of chronic pneumonitis cases. To date, the most common organism isolated from lung abscesses is in adult patients and in pediatric patients. We strive to elucidate the distinctive clinical presentation evident in this case, alongside a comprehensive understanding of the unusual pathogens identified in the disease's pathogenesis.
PubMed: 37842426
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45210 -
Cureus Oct 2022Deaths from colorectal cancer (CRC) are still rising, and various links to etiology have been proposed. However, a direct link between microbial dysbiosis and colorectal... (Review)
Review
Deaths from colorectal cancer (CRC) are still rising, and various links to etiology have been proposed. However, a direct link between microbial dysbiosis and colorectal cancer has not been postulated. This study aimed to identify the role of microbes in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. This systematic review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A systematic search was done considering papers published over the past 12 years, using PubMed, PubMed Central, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases. Studies were selected based on the following predefined eligibility criteria: English-language systematic reviews, meta-analysis, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and clinical trials, which included papers on microbes playing roles in colorectal cancer with the derived data transferred to a template. Following this, quality assessment was done using each study's relevant assessment tool. The initial search generated 128 studies. From the study, we found the ratio of , when compared between healthy and colorectal cancer patients' guts, was the highest, although it was not the most predominant gut organism. Enterotoxigenic (ETBF), and , and showed links with colorectal cancer and described pathways that could explain its implication in colorectal cancer. However, overt conclusions cannot be drawn because further research needs to be conducted.
PubMed: 36465770
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30893 -
Anaerobe Aug 2022The objective of this study was to review the characteristics, causative bacteria, treatment and outcomes of brain abscesses due to anaerobes in our health setting.
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study was to review the characteristics, causative bacteria, treatment and outcomes of brain abscesses due to anaerobes in our health setting.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of all brain abscesses caused by anaerobic bacteria over the period 2005-2021 was performed.
RESULTS
Out of 300 brain abscesses identified during the study period, 31 were produced by anaerobic pathogens, either alone (monomicrobial infection) or together with aerobic and/or anaerobic bacteria (polymicrobial infection). The mean age of the 31 patients was 53 years, and 61.2% were male; 51.6% of infections were polymicrobial, with only four (12.9%) caused by anaerobic bacteria alone. Forty-three anaerobic bacteria were isolated: Cutibacterium acnes in thirteen (41.9%), Parvimonas micra in eight (25.8%), and Prevotella spp. in seven (22.5%). The most frequent etiologies were local neurosurgery (13/41.9%) and contiguous otogenic, oral, or sinus foci of infection (8/28.8%). Cancer was present in eight patients (28.8%), headaches in seventeen (54.8%), and fever in nine (28.8%). All patients received both surgery and antimicrobial therapy. The abscess was in the frontal region in 12 patients (38.7%) and in the parietal region in 11 (35.4%). A good outcome was obtained in all patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Anaerobes were isolated in 10.3% of patients with brain abscesses in our health setting, similar to other reports. C. acnes was the most frequently detected anaerobe, especially in neurosurgical patients.
Topics: Bacteria; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Brain Abscess; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Peptostreptococcus; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35843460
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102614 -
MSphere Jun 2022Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiome, characterized by low levels of lactobacilli and overgrowth of a diverse group of bacteria, associated...
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiome, characterized by low levels of lactobacilli and overgrowth of a diverse group of bacteria, associated with higher risk of a variety of infections, surgical complications, cancer, and preterm birth (PTB). Despite the lack of a consistently applicable etiology, spp. are often associated with both BV and PTB, and has known symbiotic relationships with both Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Gardnerella vaginalis. Higher risk of PTB can also be predicted by a composite of metabolites linked to bacterial metabolism, but their specific bacterial source remains poorly understood. Here, we characterize diversity of metabolic strategies among BV-associated bacteria and lactobacilli and the symbiotic metabolic relationships between and its partners and show how these influence the availability of metabolites associated with BV/PTB and/or pro- or anti-inflammatory immune responses. We confirm a commensal relationship between and , refining its mechanism, which sustains a substantial increase in acetate production. In contrast, the relationship between and strains, with sequence variant G2, is mutualistic, with outcome dependent on the metabolic strategy of the strain. Taken together, our data show how knowledge of inter- and intraspecies metabolic diversity and the effects of symbiosis may refine our understanding of the mechanism and approach to risk prediction in BV and/or PTB. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection for women of childbearing age. Although 50% of women with BV do not have any symptoms, it approximately doubles the risk of catching a sexually transmitted infection and also increases the risk of preterm delivery in pregnant women. Recent studies of the vaginal microbiota have suggested that variation between species in the same genus or between strains of the same species explain better or poorer outcomes or at least some coexistence patterns for bacteria of concern. We tested whether such variation is manifested in how vaginal bacteria grow in the laboratory and whether and how they may share nutrients. We then showed that this affected the overall cocktail of chemicals they produce, including bacterially derived chemicals that we have previously shown are linked to a higher risk of preterm delivery.
Topics: Bacteria; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Lactobacillus; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Pregnancy; Premature Birth; Symbiosis; Vaginosis, Bacterial
PubMed: 35491843
DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00166-22 -
MSystems Jan 2024Drug addiction can seriously damage human physical and mental health, while detoxification is a long and difficult process. Although studies have reported changes in the...
Drug addiction can seriously damage human physical and mental health, while detoxification is a long and difficult process. Although studies have reported changes in the oral microbiome of methamphetamine (METH) users, the role that the microbiome plays in the process of drug addiction is still unknown. This study aims to explore the function of the microbiome based on analysis of the variations in the oral microbiome and metabolome of METH users. We performed the 16S rRNA sequencing analysis based on the oral saliva samples collected from 278 METH users and 105 healthy controls (CTL). In addition, the untargeted metabolomic profiling was conducted based on 220 samples. Compared to the CTL group, alpha diversity was reduced in the group of METH users and the relative abundances of and were significantly increased, while the relative abundances of and were significantly decreased. Variations were also detected in oral metabolic pathways, including enhanced tryptophan metabolism, lysine biosynthesis, purine metabolism, and steroid biosynthesis. Conversely, the metabolic pathways of porphyrin metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and pentose phosphate were significantly reduced. It was speculated that four key microbial taxa, i.e., , , , and , could be involved in the toxicity and addiction mechanisms of METH by affecting the above metabolic pathways. It was found that with the increase of drug use years, the content of tryptamine associated with neuropsychiatric disorders was gradually increased. Our study provides novel insights into exploring the toxic damage and addiction mechanisms underlying the METH addiction.IMPORTANCEIt was found that with the increase of drug use years, the content of tryptamine associated with neuropsychiatric disorders gradually increased. The prediction models based on oral microbiome and metabolome could effectively predict the methamphetamine (METH) smoking. Our study provides novel insights into the exploration of the molecular mechanisms regulating the toxic damage and addiction of METH as well as new ideas for early prevention and treatment strategies of METH addiction.
Topics: Humans; Methamphetamine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Metabolome; Microbiota; Tryptamines
PubMed: 38112416
DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00991-23 -
Oncology Letters Apr 2020Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the leading cause of mortality for oral cancer. Numerous risk factors mainly related to unhealthy habits and responsible for... (Review)
Review
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the leading cause of mortality for oral cancer. Numerous risk factors mainly related to unhealthy habits and responsible for chronic inflammation and infections have been recognized as predisposing factors for oral carcinogenesis. Recently, even microbiota alterations have been associated with the development of human cancers. In particular, some specific bacterial strains have been recognized and strongly associated with oral cancer development ( and .). Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain how the oral microbiota could be involved in cancer pathogenesis by mainly paying attention to chronic inflammation, microbial synthesis of cancerogenic substances, and alteration of epithelial barrier integrity. Based on knowledge of the carcinogenic effects of dysbiosis, it was recently suggested that probiotics may have anti-tumoral activity. Nevertheless, few data exist with regard to probiotic effects on oral cancer. On this basis, the association between the development of oral cancer and oral dysbiosis is discussed focusing attention on the potential benefits of probiotics administration in cancer prevention.
PubMed: 32211076
DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11441