-
Multimedia Manual of Cardiothoracic... May 2022Treatment of pediatric aortic valve disease is controversial. In this regard, interest is growing in the neocuspidization of the aortic valve according to Ozaki. In this...
Treatment of pediatric aortic valve disease is controversial. In this regard, interest is growing in the neocuspidization of the aortic valve according to Ozaki. In this video tutorial, we illustrate briefly the entire reconstruction technique of a neoaortic valve with pretreated autologous pericardium used in our institution in pediatric patients by describing a case of an incompetent native tricuspid aortic valve.
Topics: Aortic Valve; Aortic Valve Insufficiency; Child; Humans; Pericardium; Transplantation, Autologous; Treatment Outcome; Tricuspid Valve
PubMed: 35616958
DOI: 10.1510/mmcts.2022.021 -
Advances in Anatomic Pathology Jul 2023Malignant mesothelioma is a rare tumor arising from the mesothelial cells that line the pleura, pericardium, peritoneum, and tunica vaginalis. Imaging plays a primary...
Malignant mesothelioma is a rare tumor arising from the mesothelial cells that line the pleura, pericardium, peritoneum, and tunica vaginalis. Imaging plays a primary role in the diagnosis, staging, and management of malignant mesothelioma. Multimodality imaging, including radiography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT), is used in a variety of scenarios, including diagnosis, guidance for tissue sampling, staging, and reassessment of disease after therapy. CT is the primary imaging modality used in staging. MRI has superior contrast resolution compared with CT and can add value in terms of determining surgical resectability in equivocal cases. MRI can further assess the degree of local invasion, particularly into the mediastinum, chest wall, and diaphragm, for malignant pleural and pericardial mesotheliomas. FDG PET/CT plays a role in the diagnosis and staging of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and has been shown to be more accurate than CT, MRI, and PET alone in the staging of malignant pleural mesothelioma. PET/CT can also be used to target lesions for biopsy and to assess prognosis, treatment response, and tumor recurrence.
Topics: Humans; Mesothelioma, Malignant; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Pleura; Pleural Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging; Mesothelioma; Pericardium
PubMed: 36395181
DOI: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000386 -
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy 2020Substantial evidences support the hypothesis that the epicardium has a role in cardiac repair and regeneration in part providing, by epithelial to mesenchymal transition... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Substantial evidences support the hypothesis that the epicardium has a role in cardiac repair and regeneration in part providing, by epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), progenitor cells that differentiate into cardiac cell types and in part releasing paracrine factors that contribute to cardiac repair. Besides cell contribution, a significant paracrine communication occurs between the epicardium and the myocardium that improves the whole regenerative response. Signaling pathways underlying this communication are multiple as well as soluble factors involved in cardiac repair and secreted both by myocardial and epicardial cells. Most recently, extracellular vesicles, i.e. exosomes, that accumulate in the pericardial fluid (PF) and are able to transport bioactive molecules (cytosolic proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs and other non-coding RNAs), have been also identified as potential mediators of epicardial-mediated repair following myocardial injury.
CONCLUSION
This mini-review provides an overview of the epicardial-myocardial signaling in regulating cardiac repair in ischemic heart diseases. Indeed, a detailed understanding of the crosstalk between myocardial and epicardial cells and how paracrine mechanisms are involved in the context of ischemic heart diseases would be of tremendous help in developing novel therapeutic approaches to promote cardiomyocytes survival and heart regeneration following myocardial infarction (MI).
Topics: Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Humans; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium; Myocytes, Cardiac; Pericardium; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 32072905
DOI: 10.2174/1574888X15666200219105448 -
BMJ Case Reports Mar 2021A 59-year-old man presented with exertional dyspnoea and pretibial oedema that had lasted 6 months. He was referred to our hospital with suspected constrictive...
A 59-year-old man presented with exertional dyspnoea and pretibial oedema that had lasted 6 months. He was referred to our hospital with suspected constrictive pericarditis (CP). Several examinations, including CT, echocardiography and cardiac catheterisation, indicated heart failure associated with CP that had been induced by trauma 13 years prior. The CP and heart failure were unresponsive to medical treatment, therefore, a surgical pericardiectomy was performed, which is considered the only definitive treatment. Pathological examination of the resected pericardium revealed a fatty texture and dense fibrous connective tissues, which are associated with old haemorrhage and focal calcification. The patient's symptoms were improved to New York Heart Association Class I, and his peripheral oedema disappeared 6 months after leaving hospital.
Topics: Echocardiography; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pericardiectomy; Pericarditis, Constrictive; Pericardium
PubMed: 33727294
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-240235 -
The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon Sep 2023The usefulness of autologous pericardium treated with glutaraldehyde (GA) for tracheal defect closure is unknown. This study preliminarily evaluated whether a GA-treated...
BACKGROUND
The usefulness of autologous pericardium treated with glutaraldehyde (GA) for tracheal defect closure is unknown. This study preliminarily evaluated whether a GA-treated autologous pericardial graft can effectively close tracheal defects in a beagle model.
METHODS
Defects of 10 mm × 10 mm were created on the trachea of 10 beagles and divided into a GA-treated group ( = 5), with tracheal reconstruction using GA-treated pericardium, and control group ( = 5), using fresh pericardium. Repair sites were evaluated through bronchoscopy and histology. Blood flows on graft were measured using laser Doppler technique on postoperative days (PODs) 0, 4, 7, 14, 28, and 56. Repair sites were histologically evaluated on POD 56. In addition, GA-treated pericardia of three other beagles were histologically evaluated 12 months postoperatively, for long-term follow-up.
RESULTS
All animals survived; none developed anastomotic insufficiency. The mean suturing time and frequency of additional suture were significantly shorter and lower in the GA-treated group than in the control group ( = 0.002, 0.004). All animals in the control group exhibited graft contraction, whereas the GA-treated group healed with most graft residual and reepithelialization in the bronchoscopic and histological findings ( = 0.01, 0.004). Further, all long-term GA-treated pericardia of three beagles were confirmed as residual grafts with reepithelialization, without contraction, at 12 months postoperatively. Blood flows on graft using laser Doppler technique in the GA-treated group were detected at POD 14 or thereafter.
CONCLUSION
GA-treated pericardium was easier to handle and provided favorable scaffolding, without graft contraction, compared with the nontreated pericardium at short- and long-term follow-up.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Glutaral; Treatment Outcome; Trachea; Bronchoscopy; Pericardium
PubMed: 36216333
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757301 -
Journal of the American College of... Dec 2020
Topics: Hospitalization; Humans; Morbidity; Pericarditis; Pericardium; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33243383
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.10.018 -
Developmental Cell Mar 2020The epicardium is essential during cardiac development, homeostasis, and repair, and yet fundamental insights into its underlying cell biology, notably epicardium...
The epicardium is essential during cardiac development, homeostasis, and repair, and yet fundamental insights into its underlying cell biology, notably epicardium formation, lineage heterogeneity, and functional cross-talk with other cell types in the heart, are currently lacking. In this study, we investigated epicardial heterogeneity and the functional diversity of discrete epicardial subpopulations in the developing zebrafish heart. Single-cell RNA sequencing uncovered three epicardial subpopulations with specific genetic programs and distinctive spatial distribution. Perturbation of unique gene signatures uncovered specific functions associated with each subpopulation and established epicardial roles in cell adhesion, migration, and chemotaxis as a mechanism for recruitment of leukocytes into the heart. Understanding which mechanisms epicardial cells employ to establish a functional epicardium and how they communicate with other cardiovascular cell types during development will bring us closer to repairing cellular relationships that are disrupted during cardiovascular disease.
Topics: Animals; Cell Lineage; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Pericardium; RNA-Seq; Single-Cell Analysis; Transcriptome; Zebrafish
PubMed: 32084358
DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.01.023 -
Fetal and Pediatric Pathology Jun 2022Chronic constrictive pericarditis (CCP) is usually caused by the fibroinflammatory reaction of the visceral and parietal pericardium that encase the heart. The cause of...
BACKGROUND
Chronic constrictive pericarditis (CCP) is usually caused by the fibroinflammatory reaction of the visceral and parietal pericardium that encase the heart. The cause of CCP is various including tuberculosis, trauma, prior surgery, radiation, and malignancy.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We examined the pericardiectomy specimen of a case of CCP in a 17-year-old boy.
RESULTS
The histopathology of the pericardium revealed pericardial ossification bony remodeling and hematopoiesis within the intertrabecular marrow spaces. No granulomatous or neoplastic etiology was identified.
CONCLUSION
Idiopathic pericardial ossification can cause CCP in pediatric patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Humans; Male; Osteogenesis; Pericardiectomy; Pericarditis, Constrictive; Pericardium
PubMed: 33103518
DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2020.1839150 -
JACC. Clinical Electrophysiology Dec 2021The pericardium of the human heart has received increased attention in recent times due to interest in the epicardial approach for cardiac interventions to treat cardiac... (Review)
Review
The pericardium of the human heart has received increased attention in recent times due to interest in the epicardial approach for cardiac interventions to treat cardiac arrhythmias refractory to conventional endocardial approaches. To support further clinical application of this technique, it is fundamental to appreciate the living anatomy of the pericardial space, as well as its relationships to the surrounding structures. The anatomy of the pericardial space, however, is extremely difficult regions to visualize. This is due to its complex 3-dimensionality, and the "potential" nature of the space, which becomes obvious only when there is collection of pericardial fluid. This potential space, which is bounded by the epicardium and pericardium, can now be visualized by special techniques as we now report, permitting appreciation of its living morphology. Current sources of knowledge are limited to the dissection images, surgical images, and/or illustrations, which are not necessarily precise or sufficient to provide relevant comprehensive anatomical knowledge to those undertaking the epicardial approach. The authors demonstrate, for the first time to their knowledge, the 3-dimensional living anatomy of the pericardial space relative to its surrounding structures. They also provide correlative anatomy of the left sternocostal triangle as a common site for subxiphoid access. The authors anticipate their report serving as a tool for education of imaging and interventional specialists.
Topics: Humans; Pericardium; Thorax
PubMed: 34949433
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2021.09.008 -
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Oct 2022
Topics: Catheter Ablation; Cryosurgery; Epicardial Mapping; Humans; Pericardium; Tachycardia, Ventricular
PubMed: 34883084
DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.10.048