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Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2022A biodegradable micro/nano-structured porous hemostatic gelatin-based sponge as a dentistry surgery foam was prepared using a freeze-drying method. In vitro function...
A biodegradable micro/nano-structured porous hemostatic gelatin-based sponge as a dentistry surgery foam was prepared using a freeze-drying method. In vitro function evaluation tests were performed to ensure its hemostatic effect. Biocompatibility tests were also performed to show the compatibility of the sponge on human fetal foreskin fibroblasts (HFFF2) cells and red blood cells (RBCs). Then, 10 patients who required the extraction of two teeth were selected, and after teeth extraction, for dressing, the produced sponge was placed in one of the extracavities while a commercial sponge was placed in the cavity in the other tooth as a control. The total weight of the absorbed blood in each group was compared. The results showed a porous structure with micrometric and nanometric pores, flexibility, a two-week range for degradation, and an ability to absorb blood 35 times its weight in vitro. The prepared sponge showed lower blood clotting times (BCTs) (243.33 ± 2.35 s) and a lower blood clotting index (BCI) (10.67 ± 0.004%) compared to two commercial sponges that displayed its ability for faster coagulation and good hemostatic function. It also had no toxic effects on the HFFF2 cells and RBCs. The clinical assessment showed a better ability of blood absorption for the produced sponge (-value = 0.0015). The sponge is recommended for use in dental surgeries because of its outstanding abilities.
PubMed: 36234564
DOI: 10.3390/nano12193436 -
Journal of Indian Society of... 2023Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) accelerates wound healing by promoting faster cicatricial tissue remodeling and excellent neovascularization. Hyaluronic acid (HA) being...
INTRODUCTION
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) accelerates wound healing by promoting faster cicatricial tissue remodeling and excellent neovascularization. Hyaluronic acid (HA) being biocompatible, anti-inflammatory, and proangiogenic leads to improvement in the rate of wound healing.
AIM
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of PRF membrane and 0.2% HA gel on wounds after gingival depigmentation surgery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was carried out on 30 systemically healthy individuals recruited from the pool of patients who visited the department of periodontology. After depigmentation procedure in every patient, the sites were divided into three even groups. Group A received PRF membrane and periodontal dressing, Group B received 0.2% HA gel application and periodontal dressing, and Group C served as a control group in which only periodontal dressing was placed. The individuals were evaluated for the healing index (HI) and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) on the 3 and 5 day. Epithelialization test (ET) was performed on the 5 day. Gingival biotype was reassessed and compared to preoperative value after 3 months. The clinical trial was expressed in terms of mean and standard deviation. Intra-group comparison and inter-group comparison were done through the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test. All statistical tests were performed through SPSS version 25.0 (IBM).
RESULTS
The inter-group statistical analysis concerning NRS, HI, and ET showed statistically significant results in Groups A and B compared to Group C ( < 0.05), while gingival biotype showed statistically significant results in Group A compared to Groups B and C.
CONCLUSION
The use of PRF membrane and HA gel to protect the raw wound site of depigmented gingiva proved to be an effective approach, resulting in faster healing.
PubMed: 38434500
DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_291_22 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... Dec 2023An oroantral communication (OAC) is an acute opening after tooth extractions in the posterior maxilla that requires immediate closure. The search for a noninvasive and... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
An oroantral communication (OAC) is an acute opening after tooth extractions in the posterior maxilla that requires immediate closure. The search for a noninvasive and cost-effective OAC treatment method remains ongoing.
PURPOSE
This study assessed the effect of oral wound dressing (OWD) on acute OACs of 2-5 mm and compared it with suturing sterile gauze (SG) and plasma-rich fibrin (PRF).
STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, AND SAMPLE
A randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University. The sample included patients aged >18 years, a 2-5 mm wide OAC without previous maxillary sinus pathology or surgical operation.
PREDICTOR VARIABLE
The primary predictor variable was the closure method used: OWD, SG, or PRF. OWD is a new produced and commercially available product that has been used for closure of oral wounds after periodontal or surgical interventions.
MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLE
The primary outcome variable was OAC closure on postoperative day 30. The secondary outcomes were procedure duration and the pain scores of postoperative days 1, 3, and 7.
COVARIATES
The covariates were age and sex.
ANALYSES
Quantitative variables were compared between groups using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Qualitative variables were analyzed between groups using the Pearson's χ test. Results with a P value <.05 were considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
This study included 60 patients (30 females and 30 males). Clot formation was uneventful on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7 in all patients. OAC closure was successful in all patients on postoperative day 30. The success rate of OAC closure did not differ significantly between groups (P > .05). The surgical procedure duration was significantly shorter in the OWD group (1.2 ± 0.41 min) than in the SG (5.75 ± 0.97 min) and PRF (19.65 ± 2.74 min) groups (P < .001). Verbal analog scale scores differed significantly among the OWD (1.05 ± 1.43), SG (4.35 ± 2.85), and PRF (2.5 ± 1.82) groups on postoperative day 1 (P < .001).
CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE
OWD is a less invasive and practical method for closing OACs.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Bandages; Fibrin; Maxillary Sinus; Oroantral Fistula; Tooth Extraction; Treatment Outcome; Double-Blind Method
PubMed: 37802130
DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2023.09.006 -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Aug 2019The present study aims to assess the efficacy of different periodontal dressing materials on wound healing clinically. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
AIM
The present study aims to assess the efficacy of different periodontal dressing materials on wound healing clinically.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 45 patients between the age group of 30-45 years, with chronic generalized periodontitis with loss of attachment of 3-6 mm, who require periodontal flap surgery, were screened to include in the study. Out of 45 subjects, 24 were males and 21 were females. The subjects were randomized into 3 groups as 15 in each. Group I: a collagen dressing, group II: light-cure dressing, and group III: non-eugenol-based dressing. The clinical parameters such as plaque index, vertical probing depth, pain, gingival index, and patient satisfaction were documented for all the three groups on the 7th and the 14th day. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to score the pain severity. The SPSS 20 software was used to analyze the data. The significance level was set at 5%.
RESULTS
The mean gingival index score reduced from 1.40 ± 0.14 to 1.10 ± 0.30 in group I, from 1.48 ± 0.01 to 1.26 ± 0.22 in group II, and from 1.58 ± 0.16 to 1.33 ± 0.10 in group III. The mean plaque index score reduced from 1.48 ± 0.56 to 1.18 ± 0.40 in group I, from 1.46 ± 0.01 to 1.24 ± 0.48 in group II, and from 1.42 ± 0.12 to 1.20 ± 0.20 in group III. There was a statistical difference found in all the three groups and between the groups from the plaque and gingival index scores. The probing depth comparison shows a significant difference in group I. Patient satisfaction was almost similar in all the groups. The pain index showed the reduction in the pain severity from the 7th day to the 14th day in all the subjects from all the three groups.
CONCLUSION
It can be concluded that the periodontal wound covered with a collagen dressing material showed significant evidence to provide symptomatic relief and better healing to the patients compared to that of light-cure and non-eugenol periodontal dressing material.
Topics: Adult; Dental Plaque Index; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Dressings; Periodontal Index; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing
PubMed: 31797844
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Indian Society of... 2021Periodontal dressings are used for wound protection and patient comfort. Nano-silver particles have the ability to promote wound healing through anti-inflammatory...
BACKGROUND
Periodontal dressings are used for wound protection and patient comfort. Nano-silver particles have the ability to promote wound healing through anti-inflammatory properties. Hence, the present study aims to evaluate early wound healing parameters following periodontal surgery using nano-crystalline silver membrane as periodontal dressing.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty-two systemically healthy patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis indicated for periodontal flap surgery were enrolled for the present study. Post surgery, the patients were randomly allocated to either a nano-crystalline silver dressing (Acticoat™) group (test group) or only the noneugenol dressing group (control group). Plaque index (PI) and wound healing index were recorded at the 7- and 14-day postsurgery. The microbiological analysis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were evaluated at baseline and 7-day postsurgery.
RESULTS
The healing index was significantly higher in the test group as compared to the control group at days 7 and 14 ( < 0.001; < 0.001). The colony-forming units/ml count of bacteria were significantly reduced postsurgery in the test group ( = 0.019). VEGF levels increased significantly 7-day postsurgery in the test group ( = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the PI on the 7-day postsurgery between the two groups ( = 0.173).
CONCLUSION
The results of the study revealed that silver can be used as a potent periodontal dressing ingredient that can decrease the microbial colonization beneath the pack and promote faster healing postsurgery due to its antimicrobial activity.
PubMed: 34898916
DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_17_21 -
International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2019Metronidazole (MD) is known as a periodontitis medicine and has been widely used in antibiotics for resistance to anaerobic bacteria, periodontal disease, and other...
Metronidazole (MD) is known as a periodontitis medicine and has been widely used in antibiotics for resistance to anaerobic bacteria, periodontal disease, and other threats. To treat diseases, drug delivery carriers are needed with a high bioadhesive property and enhanced drug penetration. Poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) hydrogel films have a good bioadhesive property and are able to localize the absorption site and increase the drug residence time. In this study, we fabricated a MD loaded PAA hydrogel with different MD content (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 wt%) using varying doses (25, 50, and 75 kGy) and the radiation doses (25, 50, or 75 kGy) in a one-step gamma-ray irradiation process. The chemical and physical structure were determined through a Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, gel content, and compressive strength. In addition, MD loaded PAA hydrogels were performed to MD release behaviors and cytotoxicity. Finally, we conducted antibacterial activity to demonstrate the prevention of growth of bacteria as a therapeutic dressing. The basic chemical structure analysis of MD was changed greatly at radiation doses of 50 and 75 kGy due to degradation by gamma-ray irradiation. However, when the absorbed dose was 25 kGy, the chemical structure analysis of MD did not change significantly, and the gel content and compressive strength of MD/PAA hydrogel were approximately 80% and 130 kPa, respectively. The MD/PAA hydrogels exhibited no cytotoxicity and good antibacterial activity against , , and . These results provide good evidence that MD/PAA hydrogel prepared by gamma-ray irradiation has potential as a competitive candidate for the therapeutic dressing.
Topics: Acrylic Resins; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Delivery Systems; Escherichia coli; Gamma Rays; Hydrogels; Metronidazole; Molecular Structure; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus mutans
PubMed: 31888070
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010187 -
Journal of Dental Sciences Apr 2023A challenge that arises with periodontal regeneration surgery has been associated with the future development of periodontal regeneration membrane to prevent gingiva and...
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE
A challenge that arises with periodontal regeneration surgery has been associated with the future development of periodontal regeneration membrane to prevent gingiva and fibroblasts invade the wound and allow alveolar bone successfully regenerated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Chitosan (CS) has the advantages of non-toxicity, biodegradation, biocompatibility, and has been widely used in wound dressings. A flexible film was made using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blending CS based thermosensitive hydrogel.
RESULTS
The proposed 2% PVA/CS hydrogel has the highest swelling ratio about 720% after 60 min incubation and keeps its area after 10 min incubation for surgery suture. The elastic modulus of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 4% PVA/CS hydrogel were 7.75 ± 1.96, 0.91 ± 0.16, 0.75 ± 0.21, and 0.37 ± 0.06 MPa, respectively. The maximum strain of 2% PVA/CS hydrogel was 101.00 ± 28.03 (%). After 8 weeks biodegradation, the remain weight of 2% PVA/CS hydrogel was 71.36 ± 0.79 (%).
CONCLUSION
cytotoxicity tests were performed and demonstrated PVA/CS hydrogel significantly improving cell proliferation. This study realized a promising flexible film for periodontal regeneration membrane that can prevent the rapid growth of fibroblasts to invade the wound and be used for periodontal regeneration surgery.
PubMed: 37021246
DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.01.007 -
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 2023Periodontitis causes the destruction of soft and hard tissues. Stem cells have immense potential in regenerative cellular therapy. This clinical trial aimed to evaluate...
BACKGROUND
Periodontitis causes the destruction of soft and hard tissues. Stem cells have immense potential in regenerative cellular therapy. This clinical trial aimed to evaluate clinically and radiographically the effectiveness of the local application of Edelweiss stem cells as a nonsurgical treatment for stage III periodontitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The trial included 40 periodontal pockets in participants who have stage III periodontitis with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥5 mm and clinical attachment loss (CAL) ≥5 mm. Pockets were randomly divided into two groups Group 1: was given oral hygiene instruction, scaling, root planing, and subgingival application of plant stem cells on gel foam carrier after that a periodontal dressing was applied. The procedures were repeated after 2 weeks. Group 2: was treated only by scaling and root planing. Gingival index, CAL, and PPD were measured at baseline and 3 months' posttherapy. The radiographical evaluation was done by digital long-cone parallel periapical radiographs at baseline and 6 months posttherapy.
RESULTS
Clinical parameters for both groups showed a statistically significant improvement. Regarding radiographic evaluation, there was a significant increase in bone density in favor of the study group.
CONCLUSIONS
Locally applied Edelweiss stem cells can be considered a promising nonsurgical treatment modality for periodontal regeneration.
PubMed: 37547428
DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_183_22 -
Journal of Indian Society of... 2022A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of local drug delivery (LDD) of as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in...
AIM
A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of local drug delivery (LDD) of as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in generalized chronic periodontitis patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty patients with ninety sites aged 25-65 years with generalized chronic periodontitis having pocket probing depth (PPD) of more than or equal to 5 mm on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. They were treated according to split-mouth design protocol. The placement of gel containing (1%) (Group 1) and (1%) (Group 2) as LDD was placed at the two test sites, respectively, and only SRP was done in the control group (Group 3). Periodontal dressing was applied to all the three sites after procedure, and patients were given oral care guidelines. Evaluation of clinical parameters gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), PPD, clinical attachment level (CAL), and relative attachment level (RAL) was done at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months, and microbiological parameter was assessed at baseline and 6 months. N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-2-napthylamide (BANA) test was used for the microbiological analysis.
RESULTS
Clinical parameters from baseline to 6 months at different time intervals demonstrated a significant reduction in mean GI, PI, GBI, and PPD and gain in CAL and RAL over a period of 6 months, and results were statistically significant in all the three treatment groups. However, on intergroup comparison, clinically significant difference was observed, but statistically, results were significant at few intervals. The microbiological analysis revealed a statistically nonsignificant reduction at the end of 6 months on intra- and intergroup comparison.
CONCLUSION
The study concluded that the use of gel and gel clinically showed improvement in clinical parameters when combined with SRP, attributing to better anti-inflammatory and healing properties.
PubMed: 35602538
DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_264_21 -
International Journal of Biological... Sep 2022The paper demonstrates curcumin/β-cyclodextrin-based inclusion complex (IC) loaded polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) dip-coated and copolymer-compatibilized polylactic acid...
Designing suture-proof cell-attachable copolymer-mediated and curcumin- β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex loaded aliphatic polyester-based electrospun antibacterial constructs.
The paper demonstrates curcumin/β-cyclodextrin-based inclusion complex (IC) loaded polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) dip-coated and copolymer-compatibilized polylactic acid (PLA)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) blend-based electrospun mats (EMs) as antibacterial, and suture-resistant constructs, to overcome the present challenges in developing structurally-stable, biocompatible, pliable, and stand-alone multifunctional-biomedical-devices. The thermal, microstructural, and viscoelastic characterization confirmed the presence of H-bonding interactions between IC and PVA moieties and between IC incorporated PVA matrix with the copolymer-mediated nanotextured PLA/PCL blend-based EMs. IC release and surface PVA erosion induced a decrease in modulus (>4-fold) and strength (>2-fold) of constructs (post-release). Mechanistically new and architectural-framework-defined PVA-gelation induced bi-axially diverted suture-failure (post-release) and resulted in a significant enhancement in suture-retention-strength (>3-fold), energy (>5-fold), and displacement (>2-fold) for ~20 wt% IC-loaded-PVA-coated EM-constructs. The fabricated EM-constructs exhibited improvement in surface-hydrophilicity (contact angle ~45°), surface nano-roughness (~ 600 nm), surface area (~34 m/g), pore volume (~3.6 × 10 cc/g), IC release efficacy (~20 % burst release), antibacterial activity (adherent bacteria <10 %) against E. coli and S. aureus, and L929 fibroblast-cell-viability (~135 %), which varied as a function of IC-content in the PVA matrix. Our study conceptually establishes a novel and efficient technique for designing antibacterial, suture-resistant engineered-EM-constructs with tunable properties for their potential use in wound-dressings, periodontal-membranes, drug-delivery, and regenerative-systems.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Curcumin; Escherichia coli; Nanofibers; Polyesters; Polymers; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Staphylococcus aureus; Sutures; beta-Cyclodextrins
PubMed: 35793744
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.204