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Scientific Reports Feb 2023Recent genomic, psychological, and developmental research shows that human personality is organized as a complex hierarchy that ascends from individual traits in many...
Recent genomic, psychological, and developmental research shows that human personality is organized as a complex hierarchy that ascends from individual traits in many specific situations to multi-trait profiles in two domains that regulate emotional reactivity (temperament) or goals and values (character), and finally to three integrated temperament-character networks that regulate learning to maintain well-being in changing conditions. We carried out person-centered analyses of the components of subjective well-being (positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction) to personality in both adolescents (N = 1739) and adults (N = 897). Personality was considered at each level of its organization (trait, temperament or character profiles, and joint temperament-character networks). We show for the first time that negative affect and life satisfaction are dependent on the personality network for intentional self-control, whereas positive affect is dependent on the personality network for self-awareness that underlies the human capacities for healthy longevity, creativity, and prosocial values.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Humans; Personality; Personality Disorders; Temperament; Genomics; Health Status
PubMed: 36849800
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29642-5 -
Psychological Science Oct 2022A longstanding goal of psychology is to predict the things that people do and feel, but tools to accurately predict future behaviors and experiences remain elusive. In...
A longstanding goal of psychology is to predict the things that people do and feel, but tools to accurately predict future behaviors and experiences remain elusive. In the present study, we used intensive longitudinal data ( = 104 college-age adults at a midwestern university; total assessments = 5,971) and three machine-learning approaches to investigate the degree to which three future behaviors and experiences-loneliness, procrastination, and studying-could be predicted from past psychological (i.e., personality and affective states), situational (i.e., objective situations and psychological situation cues), and time (i.e., trends, diurnal cycles, time of day, and day of the week) phenomena from an idiographic, person-specific perspective. Rather than pitting persons against situations, such an approach allows psychological phenomena, situations, and time to jointly predict future behaviors and experiences. We found (a) a striking degree of prediction accuracy across participants, (b) that a majority of participants' future behaviors are predicted by both person and situation features, and (c) that the most important features vary greatly across people.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Motivation; Personality; Personality Disorders
PubMed: 36219572
DOI: 10.1177/09567976221093307 -
BMJ Leader Mar 2023A leader can only motivate people to do what they want them to do to convince them that it is advantageous. No one can be forced into leadership. Through my experience,...
BACKGROUND
A leader can only motivate people to do what they want them to do to convince them that it is advantageous. No one can be forced into leadership. Through my experience, I learnt that excellent leadership realises the desired results by getting people to do their best.
METHOD
Therefore, I would like to reflect on the leadership theory closer to my leadership practices and leadership styles at my workplace in light of my personality and personal characteristics.
CONCLUSION
Although not a new idea, but self-analysis is a requisite for each leader and leader to be.
Topics: Humans; Leadership; Personality; Educational Personnel; Learning
PubMed: 37013870
DOI: 10.1136/leader-2021-000477 -
Emotion (Washington, D.C.) Apr 2024Emotional well-being has a known relationship with a person's direct social ties, including friendships; but do ambient social and emotional features of the local...
Emotional well-being has a known relationship with a person's direct social ties, including friendships; but do ambient social and emotional features of the local community also play a role? This work takes advantage of university students' assignment to different local networks-or "social microclimates"-to probe this question. Using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, we quantify the collective impact of individual, social network, and microclimate factors on the emotional well-being of a cohort of first-year college students. Results indicate that well-being tracks individual factors but also myriad social and microclimate factors, reflecting one's peers and social surroundings. Students who belonged to emotionally stable and tight-knit microclimates (i.e., had emotionally stable friends or resided in densely connected residence halls) reported lower levels of psychological distress and higher levels of life satisfaction, even when controlling for factors such as personality and social network size. Although rarely discussed or acknowledged in the policies that create them, social microclimates are consequential to well-being, especially during life transitions. The effects of microclimate factors are small relative to some individual factors; however, they explain unique variance in well-being that is not directly captured by emotional stability or other individual factors. These findings are novel, but preliminary, and should be replicated in new samples and contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Humans; Microclimate; Friends; Personality; Peer Group
PubMed: 37824222
DOI: 10.1037/emo0001277 -
Surgery Nov 2022The challenging nature of performing surgery on a personal and professional level demands specific characteristics. Personality traits play an important role in the...
BACKGROUND
The challenging nature of performing surgery on a personal and professional level demands specific characteristics. Personality traits play an important role in the nature and behavior of humans, which are studied using the five-factor model. Therefore, we investigated the personality of 3 surgical generations.
METHODS
Three distinct surgical populations were approached. The Dutch Big Five Inventory-2 was sent out online to 126 surgical residents (response: n = 69) and 104 surgeons (response: n = 60) in a teaching region in the Netherlands. Moreover, medical students interested in surgery were approached via the students' surgical society (response: n = 54). To obtain a normative Dutch population sample, the Longitudinal Internet studies for the Social Sciences panel was used, creating groups of the following age categories: 18 to 25 (n = 84), 26 to 35 (n = 101), 36 to 67 (n = 432). One-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction was used to assess differences in personality scores.
RESULTS
Individuals interested in surgery (ie, surgically-oriented medical students, surgical residents, and surgeons) generally scored significantly higher on extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, open-mindedness, and lower on negative emotionality compared with the normative population sample. Across the surgical generations, surgical residents scored significantly lower on open-mindedness (3.60) compared with surgeons (3.92) and surgically-oriented medical students (3.82). Surgically-oriented medical students scored significantly higher in negative emotionality (2.44) compared with surgical residents (2.12) and surgeons (2.07).
CONCLUSION
Being a surgeon demands particular levels of determination and emotional stability. The surgical population shows a distinct personality pattern compared with the normative population, and more modest differences exist between persons in different stages of their surgical career.
Topics: Humans; Netherlands; Personality; Research; Students, Medical; Surgeons
PubMed: 36064500
DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2022.08.003 -
Georgian Medical News Feb 2021The article presents the results of the development and testing of the latest, supplemented and modified version of the author's psychodiagnostic technique...
The article presents the results of the development and testing of the latest, supplemented and modified version of the author's psychodiagnostic technique "Test-questionnaire of propensity adventurousness (AVANT-1)". Adventurousness is viewed as a personality trait, as a stable propensity to adventurous behavior, which is characterized by the internal, mental activity of a person (attitudes, expectations, emotional experiences, thoughts, thought-forms, etc.). This mental activity (energy) induces the person to the corresponding external, physical activity, which manifests itself in adventurous actions, behavior, deeds. The theoretical construct of the latest version of the technique (AVANT-7) is given and described; it diagnoses 7 components of adventurousness, reflecting, mainly, the qualitative level of its continuum and hierarchical structure: attitudinal, emotional, cognitive, conative (behavioral) components of adventurousness; sensitivity to one's own and other' adventurous intentions, actions, behavior; integral (general) indicator of adventurousness. The results of approbation of this psychodiagnostic tool, which was carried out according to all the requirements of psychometrics, are analyzed. The theoretical construct of the method was empirically verified, its reliability and validity were proved. The practical area of the technique application is individual and group psychological, psychotherapeutic and psychocorrectional work. The technique allows to measure and describe an individual's propensity to adventurousness, moreover, a personal propensity, which has not been studied by other psychodiagnostic methods, but which manifests itself both in persons with a mental norm and in persons with behavioral, psychological and psychosocial problems up to the transition to character accentuations, to psychopathies and psychopathology.
Topics: Emotions; Humans; Personality; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33814402
DOI: No ID Found -
JAMA Pediatrics Jul 2021Gender identity is a person’s internal sense of being a boy, a girl, some of both, or neither and typically develops early in childhood.
Gender identity is a person’s internal sense of being a boy, a girl, some of both, or neither and typically develops early in childhood.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Female; Gender Identity; Humans; Male; Parent-Child Relations; Transgender Persons
PubMed: 34047753
DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.1014 -
Emotion (Washington, D.C.) Aug 2022Pride is a complex construct, at times conceptualized positively (as a positive emotional reaction to a personal success) and at other times defined negatively (as... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Pride is a complex construct, at times conceptualized positively (as a positive emotional reaction to a personal success) and at other times defined negatively (as exhibiting arrogant or conceited feelings and beliefs). Based on this dichotomy, Tracy and Robins (2007) proposed that pride consists of two facets: authentic pride (AP) and hubristic pride (HP). For over a decade, researchers have used this two-facet model to investigate similarities and differences between AP and HP. The current work aims to synthesize this body of research by presenting findings from a meta-analysis of the association between AP and HP and a wide range of personality characteristics, mental health outcomes, social status constructs, and attributional tendencies. Comprised of 94 independent samples ( = 64,698) of predominantly North American adults, meta-analyses (both unweighted and weighted random effects models) were conducted for the relationship between AP and HP, and for each outcome variable separately, resulting in 103 total analyses (s = 2-93). This project provides strong evidence that AP and HP are empirically distinct constructs (meta-analytic = .13) that often align in opposite ways with personality and related variables, with AP exhibiting associations that suggest better psychological health than HP. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Achievement; Adult; Emotions; Humans; Personality; Self Concept; Social Perception
PubMed: 33180528
DOI: 10.1037/emo0000905 -
American Journal of Psychoanalysis Jun 2022This paper illustrates how and when the personality characteristics of a political leader can initiate and/or become intertwined with societal and political processes....
This paper illustrates how and when the personality characteristics of a political leader can initiate and/or become intertwined with societal and political processes. We are not suggesting that "real world" issues and secondary process calculations are not important or should be discarded in favor of psychological considerations. Instead, we suggest that psychoanalysts and psychodynamically informed mental health professionals can contribute to a more complete analysis of political or societal processes and the personalities of leaders who play major roles in them. Only through such interdisciplinary work can we fully understand the complex and intertwined nature of the crucial events that shape political leaders' internal and external worlds.
Topics: Humans; Leadership; Personality; Politics; Ukraine
PubMed: 35739303
DOI: 10.1057/s11231-022-09349-8 -
Journal of Personality Dec 2023Although intelligence and personality traits have long been recognized as key predictors of students' academic achievement, little is known about their longitudinal and...
OBJECTIVE
Although intelligence and personality traits have long been recognized as key predictors of students' academic achievement, little is known about their longitudinal and reciprocal associations. Here, we charted the developmental interplay of intelligence, personality (Big Five) and academic achievement in 3880 German secondary school students, who were assessed four times between the ages 11 and 14 years (i.e., in grades 5, 6, 7, and 8).
METHOD
We fitted random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPs) to investigate reciprocal within-person associations between (a) academic achievement and intelligence, (b) academic achievement and personality, as well as (c) intelligence and personality.
RESULTS
The results revealed negative within-person associations between Conscientiousness and Extraversion assessed at the first wave of measurement and intelligence assessed at the second wave. None of the reciprocal personality-achievement associations attained statistical significance. Academic achievement and intelligence showed reciprocal within-person relations, with the strongest coefficients found for achievement longitudinally predicting intelligence.
CONCLUSIONS
Our work contributes to developmental theorizing on interrelations between personality, intelligence, and academic achievement, as well as to within-person conceptualizations in personality research.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adolescent; Academic Success; Personality; Intelligence; Educational Status; Students
PubMed: 36650902
DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12810