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Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America Jun 2022VM is a common yet debilitating migraine variant that has taken many monikers in the past. As a relatively new diagnostic entity, public and provider awareness of this... (Review)
Review
VM is a common yet debilitating migraine variant that has taken many monikers in the past. As a relatively new diagnostic entity, public and provider awareness of this disorder can be improved. Symptoms include vertigo episodes in addition to photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, and headache. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical history as pathognomonic signs via testing are not reliable. Standardized treatment algorithms have yet to be created and current recommendations have been adopted from migraine guidelines.
Topics: Algorithms; Headache; Humans; Hyperacusis; Migraine Disorders; Vertigo
PubMed: 35477842
DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2022.02.003 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2020Seemingly unrelated symptoms in the head and neck region are eliminated when a patch is applied on specific locations on the Tympanic Membrane. Clinically, two distinct...
Seemingly unrelated symptoms in the head and neck region are eliminated when a patch is applied on specific locations on the Tympanic Membrane. Clinically, two distinct patient populations can be distinguished; cervical and masticatory muscle tensions are involved, and mental moods of anxiety or need. Clinical observations lead to the hypothesis of a "Tympanic Resonance Regulating System." Its controller, the Trigeminocervical complex, integrates external auditory, somatosensory, and central impulses. It modulates auditory attention, and directs it toward unpredictable external or expected domestic and internal sounds: peripherally by shifting the resonance frequencies of the Tympanic Membrane; centrally by influencing the throughput of auditory information to the neural attention networks that toggle between scanning and focusing; and thus altering the perception of auditory information. The hypothesis leads to the assumption that the Trigeminocervical complex is composed of a dorsal component, and a ventral one which may overlap with the concept of "Trigeminovagal complex." "Tympanic Dissonance" results in a host of local and distant symptoms, most of which can be attributed to activation of the Trigeminocervical complex. Diagnostic and therapeutic measures for this "Tympanic Dissonance Syndrome" are suggested.
PubMed: 32117001
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00014 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2020Migraine is a common and disabling brain disorder with a broad and heterogeneous phenotype, involving both pain and painless symptoms. Over recent years, more clinical... (Review)
Review
Migraine is a common and disabling brain disorder with a broad and heterogeneous phenotype, involving both pain and painless symptoms. Over recent years, more clinical and research attention has been focused toward the premonitory phase of the migraine attack, which can start up to days before the onset of head pain. This early phase can involve symptomatology, such as cognitive and mood change, yawning, thirst and urinary frequency and sensory sensitivities, such as photophobia and phonophobia. In some patients, these symptoms can warn of an impending headache and therefore offer novel neurobiological insights and therapeutic potential. As well as characterization of the phenotype of this phase, recent studies have attempted to image this early phase using functional neuroimaging and tried to understand how the symptoms are mediated, how a migraine attack may be initiated, and how nociception may follow thereafter. This review will summarize the recent and evolving findings in this field and hypothesize a mechanism of subcortical and diencephalic brain activation during the start of the attack, including that of basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and thalamus prior to headache, which causes a top-down effect on brainstem structures involved in trigeminovascular nociception, leading ultimately to headache.
PubMed: 32269547
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00140 -
Age and Ageing Aug 2023Hearing conditions such as hearing loss, tinnitus and hyperacusis are highly prevalent in the population and can severely impact communication and quality of life....
Hearing conditions such as hearing loss, tinnitus and hyperacusis are highly prevalent in the population and can severely impact communication and quality of life. Hearing is affected by multiple factors, including heredity, noise exposure, age, sex, ear disorders and lifestyle factors. Globally, hearing loss affects over 80% of adults aged 80 years and older, is often experienced in combination with other long-term health conditions and is a mid-life risk factor for dementia. To form a themed collection, we searched Age and Ageing for articles on hearing conditions published from 2000 onwards. This resulted in 22 articles included within the collection. They examined a range of important topics related to hearing healthcare and research, including noise-induced hearing loss, health service quality and safety, psychological and psychosocial consequences of hearing loss and co-morbidities of hearing loss. All articles reported on hearing loss; there were no published articles with a primary focus on other hearing conditions such as tinnitus or hyperacusis, on the health of older people from the Deaf community or on users of Cochlear implants, suggesting key gaps in knowledge and targets for future research. This New Horizons article highlights novel directions in research and practice and takes a forward look at how research into hearing conditions may develop in years to come. It highlights opportunities for the growth of patient-centred research and hearing healthcare supported by the better integration of health and care services as well as cross-speciality working to include common co-morbid health conditions.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Tinnitus; Hyperacusis; Quality of Life; Hearing; Aging
PubMed: 37604677
DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afad150 -
Current Pain and Headache Reports Feb 2022To review the literature on the clinical characteristics of the symptoms other than headache that occurs during a migraine attack in childhood and adolescence. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To review the literature on the clinical characteristics of the symptoms other than headache that occurs during a migraine attack in childhood and adolescence.
RECENT FINDINGS
Premonitory symptoms (42-67%) and postdrome phase (82%) are frequent. The most frequent auras were visual. There was no association between age or sex and the occurrence of auras. Cranial autonomic symptoms are also frequent (40-70%) and are most often bilateral. Most studies suggest that age is not associated with the frequency of nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia. Cephalic cutaneous allodynia (15-37%) and osmophobia (20-53%) are common symptoms in children with migraine. Osmophobia has low sensitivity and high specificity for the diagnosis of migraine and is associated with the severity of the migraine. Migraine is a complex disease, and although headache is its best-known symptom, other symptoms also occur frequently during migraine attacks in children and adolescents.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Humans; Hyperacusis; Hyperalgesia; Migraine Disorders; Photophobia; Vomiting
PubMed: 35064917
DOI: 10.1007/s11916-022-01015-z -
Frontiers in Neurology 2022To investigate the auditory features of patients with vestibular migraine (VM) and to analyze the possible relevant factors of hearing loss.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the auditory features of patients with vestibular migraine (VM) and to analyze the possible relevant factors of hearing loss.
METHODS
A total of 166 patients with VM were enrolled. Demographic variables, age of onset, disease course, distribution of vestibular attacks, characteristics of hearing loss, and the coexistence of related disorders, such as visual aura, familial history, motion sickness, nausea, headache, photophobia, otalgia, tinnitus, aural fullness, and phonophobia, were analyzed and compared.
RESULTS
Patients with VM can manifest otalgia (8.4%), tinnitus (51.8%), aural fullness (41%), and phonophobia (31.9%). Of 166 patients, the prevalence of VMw was 21.1% ( = 35). Patients with VMw mainly manifested mild and easily reversible low-frequency hearing loss. The proportions of tinnitus and aural fullness were significantly larger in patients with VMw than that in patients with VMo ( < 0.05). The duration of vestibular symptoms was significantly shorter in patients with VMw ( < 0.05). However, the age of onset, disease course, gender, frequency of vestibular attacks, the coexistence of visual aura, familial history, motion sickness, nausea, headache, photophobia, otalgia, and phonophobia had no significant difference between the two groups.
CONCLUSION
Auditory symptoms were common in patients with VM. The hearing loss of VM was characterized by a mild and easily reversible low-frequency hearing loss, accompanied by higher proportions of tinnitus and aural fullness, and a shorter duration of vestibular symptoms compared with patients with VMo.
PubMed: 35911900
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.944001 -
American Journal of Audiology Sep 2022For some people, exposure to everyday sounds presents a significant problem. The purpose of this tutorial was to define and differentiate between the various sound... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
For some people, exposure to everyday sounds presents a significant problem. The purpose of this tutorial was to define and differentiate between the various sound tolerance conditions and to review some options for their clinical management.
METHOD
We informally reviewed the literature regarding sound tolerance conditions. The terminology and definitions provided are mostly consistent with how these terms are defined. However, many inconsistencies are noted. Methods of assessment and treatment also differ, and different methodologies are briefly described.
RESULTS
describes physical discomfort or pain when any sound reaches a certain level of loudness that would be tolerable for most people. refers to intense emotional reactions to certain sounds (often body sounds such as chewing and sniffing) that are not influenced by the perceived loudness of those sounds. refers to increased reactivity to sounds that may include general discomfort (annoyance or feeling overwhelmed) due to a perceived noisy environment, regardless of its loudness. as addressed in the audiology profession, describes anticipatory fear of sound. Phonophobia is an emotional response such as anxiety and avoidance of sound due to the "fear" that sound(s) may occur that will cause a comorbid condition to get worse (e.g., tinnitus) or the sound itself will result in discomfort or pain. (Note that is a term used by neurologists to describe "migraineur phonophobia"-a different condition not addressed herein.) Conclusions: The literature addresses sound tolerance conditions but reveals many inconsistencies, indicating lack of consensus in the field. When doing an assessment for decreased sound tolerance, it is important to define any terms used so that the patient and all health care professionals involved in the care of the patient are aligned with the goals of the treatment plan. Treatment generally involves gradual and systematic sound desensitization and counseling.
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL
https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20164130.
Topics: Anxiety; Humans; Hyperacusis; Pain; Sound; Tinnitus
PubMed: 35858241
DOI: 10.1044/2022_AJA-22-00035 -
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2020Occupational noise exposure accounts for approximately 16% of all disabling hearing losses, but the true value and societal costs may be grossly underestimated because... (Review)
Review
Occupational noise exposure accounts for approximately 16% of all disabling hearing losses, but the true value and societal costs may be grossly underestimated because current regulations only identify hearing impairments in the workplace if exposures result in audiometric threshold shifts within a limited frequency region. Research over the past several decades indicates that occupational noise exposures can cause other serious auditory deficits such as tinnitus, hyperacusis, extended high-frequency hearing loss, and poor speech perception in noise. Beyond the audiogram, there is growing awareness that hearing loss is a significant risk factor for other debilitating and potentially life-threatening disorders such as cardiovascular disease and dementia. This review discusses some of the shortcomings and limitations of current noise regulations in the United States and Europe.
Topics: Auditory Threshold; Europe; Hearing; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced; Humans; Noise, Occupational
PubMed: 33276507
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17238963 -
Audiology Research Oct 2021Hyperacusis is highly prevalent in the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) population. This auditory hypersensitivity can trigger pragmatically atypical reactions that may... (Review)
Review
Hyperacusis is highly prevalent in the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) population. This auditory hypersensitivity can trigger pragmatically atypical reactions that may impact social and academic domains. Objective: The aim of this report is to describe the relationship between decreased sound tolerance disorders and the ASD population. Topics covered: The main topics discussed include (1) assessment and prevalence of hyperacusis in ASD; (2) etiology of hyperacusis in ASD; (3) treatment of hyperacusis in ASD. Conclusions: Knowledge of the assessment and treatment of decreased sound tolerance disorders within the ASD population is growing and changing.
PubMed: 34698068
DOI: 10.3390/audiolres11040049