-
Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry May 2024Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a leading cause of poison-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. By binding to hemoglobin and other heme-containing proteins, CO... (Review)
Review
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a leading cause of poison-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. By binding to hemoglobin and other heme-containing proteins, CO reduces oxygen delivery and produces tissue damage. Prompt treatment of CO-poisoned patients is necessary to prevent acute and long-term complications. Oxygen therapy is the only available treatment. Visible light has been shown to selectively dissociate CO from hemoglobin with high efficiency without affecting oxygen affinity. Pulmonary phototherapy has been shown to accelerate the rate of CO elimination in CO poisoned mice and rats when applied directly to the lungs or via intra-esophageal or intra-pleural optical fibers. The extracorporeal removal of CO using a membrane oxygenator with optimal characteristic for blood exposure to light has been shown to accelerate the rate of CO illumination in rats with or without lung injury and in pigs. The development of non-invasive techniques to apply pulmonary phototherapy and the development of a compact, highly efficient membrane oxygenator for the extracorporeal removal of CO in humans may provide a significant advance in the treatment of CO poisoning.
Topics: Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Animals; Humans; Phototherapy; Carbon Monoxide
PubMed: 38574950
DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.04.001 -
Dermatologic Clinics Jan 2020Phototherapy has been used successfully to treat a wide range of pediatric skin conditions. It is a viable option in children with severe dermatologic disease or who... (Review)
Review
Phototherapy has been used successfully to treat a wide range of pediatric skin conditions. It is a viable option in children with severe dermatologic disease or who have failed first-line treatments, and several studies have demonstrated its efficacy and safety in the pediatric population. Despite the growing body of evidence on the use of phototherapy in children, large controlled trials and long-term studies are lacking. Moreover, special considerations must be taken when using phototherapy in children. This review highlights the recent evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of phototherapy in children, with focus on the common light-sensitive pediatric skin conditions.
Topics: Child; Humans; Phototherapy; Skin Diseases; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31753196
DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2019.08.012 -
Journal of Controlled Release :... Aug 2023Phototherapies, mainly including photodynamic and photothermal therapy, have made considerable strides in the field of cancer treatment. With the aid of phototherapeutic... (Review)
Review
Phototherapies, mainly including photodynamic and photothermal therapy, have made considerable strides in the field of cancer treatment. With the aid of phototherapeutic agents, reactive oxygen species (ROS) or heat are generated under light irradiation to selectively damage cancer cells. However, sole-modality phototherapy faces certain drawbacks, such as limited penetration of phototherapeutic agents into tumor tissues, inefficient ROS generation due to hypoxia, treatment-induced inflammation and resistance of tumor to treatment (e.g., high levels of antioxidants, expression of heat shock protein). Gas therapy, an emerging therapy approach that damages cancer cells by improving the level of certain gas at the tumor site, shows potential to overcome the challenges associated with phototherapies. In addition, with the rapid development of nanotechnology, gas-assisted phototherapy based on nanomedicines has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the treatment efficacy. This review summarizes recent advances in gas-assisted phototherapy and discusses the prospects and challenges of this strategy in cancer phototherapy.
Topics: Humans; Reactive Oxygen Species; Phototherapy; Photochemotherapy; Neoplasms; Nanotechnology; Photosensitizing Agents
PubMed: 37442200
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.015 -
Theranostics 2021Targeted therapy and immunotherapy in combination is considered the ideal strategy for treating metastatic cancer, as it can eliminate the primary tumors and induce host... (Review)
Review
Targeted therapy and immunotherapy in combination is considered the ideal strategy for treating metastatic cancer, as it can eliminate the primary tumors and induce host immunity to control distant metastases. Phototherapy, a promising targeted therapy, eradicates primary tumors using an appropriate dosage of focal light irradiation, while initiating antitumor immune responses through induced immunogenic tumor cell death. Recently, phototherapy has been employed to improve the efficacy of immunotherapies such as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Phototherapy and immunoadjuvant therapy have been used in combination clinically, wherein the induced immunogenic cell death and enhanced antigen presentation synergy, inducing a systemic antitumor immune response to control residual tumor cells at the treatment site and distant metastases. This review summarizes studies on photo-immunotherapy, the combination of phototherapy and immunotherapy, especially focusing on the development and progress of this unique combination from a benchtop project to a promising clinical therapy for metastatic cancer.
Topics: Animals; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Immunotherapy; Neoplasms; Phototherapy
PubMed: 33500721
DOI: 10.7150/thno.53056 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Mar 2021Phototherapy is the use of light in the treatment of skin diseases that show improvement upon exposure to natural sunlight or man-made lamps. Artificial phototherapy... (Review)
Review
Phototherapy is the use of light in the treatment of skin diseases that show improvement upon exposure to natural sunlight or man-made lamps. Artificial phototherapy treatments like Narrow band UVB (NB-UVB) phototherapy, Photochemotherapy by UVA (PUVA) and Targeted phototherapy are safe and widely used for several skin diseases like psoriasis, vitiligo, acne vulgaris, mycosis fungoides etc. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a specialized phototherapy involves use of efficient photo sensitizers and optical radiations for the treatment of cancer and various other medical maladies. Efficacy of these treatments depends on proper selection of a phototherapy lamp which is decided by the wavelength of light emitted by the luminescent material present in it. These luminescent materials on account of their unique luminescence features of portability, power efficiency, lesser heat generation and durability find widespread application in bioassay and therapy. Here, we have discussed about the potential of various luminescent materials for phototherapy on the basis of their photoluminescence behaviour and also tabulated their application for various dermatoses. A few more luminescent materials are discussed in view of current developments in phototherapy and bioscience.
Topics: Humans; Luminescence; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Phototherapy; Psoriasis; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 33157335
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102082 -
Dermatologic Clinics Jan 2020Phototherapy with psoralen and ultraviolet A (PUVA) or narrowband-UVB (NBUVB) is frequently used for the patch and plaque stages of mycosis fungoides (MF), the most... (Review)
Review
Phototherapy with psoralen and ultraviolet A (PUVA) or narrowband-UVB (NBUVB) is frequently used for the patch and plaque stages of mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. This article provides practical guidelines for the design and implementation of a phototherapy protocol for early stage MF, including an overview of treatment phases, response criteria, and considerations in the selection of a light source. Several evolving topics in phototherapy research are also discussed, including the relative efficacy of PUVA versus NBUVB, the role of maintenance therapy, risk of photocarcinogenicity, and combination therapies.
Topics: Humans; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous; Phototherapy; Skin Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31753185
DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2019.08.013 -
Dermatologic Clinics Jan 2020Phototherapy is a safe and effective treatment for many benign and malignant inflammatory cutaneous diseases. Treatment courses require consistent visits over the course... (Review)
Review
Phototherapy is a safe and effective treatment for many benign and malignant inflammatory cutaneous diseases. Treatment courses require consistent visits over the course of weeks to months, and one barrier for patients in accessing this treatment is the lack of a geographically convenient phototherapy center. To expand access, new phototherapy centers can be created, and this can be done in a series of steps. These include considering the physical space, anticipating the finances, laying the operational groundwork, and establishing a consent and education process.
Topics: Ambulatory Care; Home Care Services; Humans; Phototherapy; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 31753186
DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2019.08.014 -
Journal of Controlled Release :... Aug 2023The utilization of light for therapeutic interventions, also known as phototherapy, has been extensively employed in the treatment of a wide range of illnesses,... (Review)
Review
The utilization of light for therapeutic interventions, also known as phototherapy, has been extensively employed in the treatment of a wide range of illnesses, including cancer. Despite the benefits of its non-invasive nature, phototherapy still faces challenges pertaining to the delivery of phototherapeutic agents, phototoxicity, and light delivery. The incorporation of nanomaterials and bacteria in phototherapy has emerged as a promising approach that leverages the unique properties of each component. The resulting nano-bacteria biohybrids exhibit enhanced therapeutic efficacy when compared to either component individually. In this review, we summarize and discuss the various strategies for assembling nano-bacteria biohybrids and their applications in phototherapy. We provide a comprehensive overview of the properties and functionalities of nanomaterials and cells in the biohybrids. Notably, we highlight the roles of bacteria beyond their function as drug vehicles, particularly their capacity to produce bioactive molecules. Despite being in its early stage, the integration of photoelectric nanomaterials and genetically engineered bacteria holds promise as an effective biosystem for antitumor phototherapy. The utilization of nano-bacteria biohybrids in phototherapy is a promising avenue for future investigation, with the potential to enhance treatment outcomes for cancer patients.
Topics: Humans; Photochemotherapy; Phototherapy; Neoplasms; Nanostructures; Bacteria
PubMed: 37315693
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.06.009 -
ACS Applied Bio Materials May 2022Despite the rapid development of science and technology, the effective treatment of cancer still threatens human life and health. However, the success of cancer... (Review)
Review
Despite the rapid development of science and technology, the effective treatment of cancer still threatens human life and health. However, the success of cancer treatment is closely related to early diagnosis, identification, and effective treatment. In recent years, with the strengthening of the development and research of nanomaterials for cancer diagnosis and treatment, researchers have found that carbon dots (CDs) have the advantages of wide absorption, excellent biocompatibility, diverse imaging characteristics, and photostability and are widely used in various fields, such as sensing, imaging, and drug/gene transportation. Recently, researchers also discovered that CDs could be used as an effective photosensitizer to generate active oxygen or convert light energy into heat under the stimulation of the external lasers, making them have the effects of photothermal and photodynamic therapy for cancer. In this review, we first outline the single-modal and multimodal imaging analysis of CDs in cancer cells. After introducing diversified imaging functions, we focused on the design and the latest research progress of CDs in phototherapy and introduced in detail the strategies of CDs in phototherapy treatment and the challenges faced by clinical applications. We hope that this overview can provide important insights for researchers and accelerate the pace of research on CDs in imaging-guided phototherapy treatment.
Topics: Carbon; Humans; Neoplasms; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Phototherapy; Quantum Dots
PubMed: 35442016
DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01215 -
Technology in Cancer Research &... 2023Carbonaceous nanomaterials (CNMs) have drawn tremendous biomedical research interest because of their unique structural features. Recently, CNMs, namely carbon dots,... (Review)
Review
Carbonaceous nanomaterials (CNMs) have drawn tremendous biomedical research interest because of their unique structural features. Recently, CNMs, namely carbon dots, fullerenes, graphene, etc, have been successful in establishing them as considerable nanotherapeutics for phototherapy applications due to their electrical, thermal, and surface properties. This review aims to crosstalk the current understanding of CNMs as multimodal compounds in photothermal and photodynamic therapies as an integrated approach to treating cancer. It also expounds on phototherapy's biomechanics and illustrates its relation to cancer biomodulation. Critical considerations related to the structural properties, fabrication approaches, surface functionalization strategies, and biosafety profiles of CNMs have been explained. This article provides an overview of the most recent developments in the study of CNMs used in phototherapy, emphasizing their usage as nanocarriers. To conquer the current challenges of CNMs, we can raise the standard of cancer therapy for patients. The review will be of interest to the researchers working in the area of photothermal and photodynamic therapies and aiming to explore CNMs and their conjugates in cancer therapy.
Topics: Humans; Phototherapy; Nanostructures; Carbon; Photochemotherapy; Neoplasms
PubMed: 37461375
DOI: 10.1177/15330338231186388