-
Cancer Radiotherapie : Journal de La... Oct 2021The management of myeloid and lymphoid disease is essentially based on chemotherapy and targeted therapies. Since radiotherapy could be responsible for severe late... (Review)
Review
The management of myeloid and lymphoid disease is essentially based on chemotherapy and targeted therapies. Since radiotherapy could be responsible for severe late toxicities, essentially due to conventional bidimensional irradiation techniques, many trials have attempted to omit radiotherapy or to scale down the dose in their therapeutic strategy. Nevertheless, radiotherapy still plays a role for curative or symptomatic purposes.
Topics: Acute Disease; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Multiple Myeloma; Plasmacytoma; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Sarcoma; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 34462212
DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2021.07.033 -
British Journal of Haematology Jul 2020
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Multiple Myeloma; Plasmacytoma
PubMed: 32301114
DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16646 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2023Plasmacytomas are a rare spectrum of plasma cell neoplasms that are single localized tumours, lacking the clinical features of plasma cell myeloma with no radiographical...
Plasmacytomas are a rare spectrum of plasma cell neoplasms that are single localized tumours, lacking the clinical features of plasma cell myeloma with no radiographical evidence of additional plasma cell tumours. Two clinical variants of plasmacytomas can be distinguished: solitary plasmacytoma of bone and extramedullary (or extraosseous) plasmacytoma. The latter is rare, representing 1% of all plasma cell neoplasms, occurring most frequently in the upper airways. Ovarian localization is exceptional, with only a few cases being reported in the literature. We herein report a case of an ovarian extramedullary plasmacytoma occurring in a 56-year-old woman who consulted for abdominal pain and abdominal mass, while highlighting the main histological and immunohistochemical features of this rare malignancy, along with a thorough review of literature gathering all cases of ovarian plasmacytomas reported to date.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Plasmacytoma; Multiple Myeloma; Radiography; Bone Neoplasms
PubMed: 37250677
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.44.108.37603 -
IJU Case Reports Jan 2022We report a rare case of an extramedullary plasmacytoma of the ureter.
INTRODUCTION
We report a rare case of an extramedullary plasmacytoma of the ureter.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 77-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of left hydronephrosis. Computed tomography showed a tumor in the left ureter, and tumor invasion into the periureteric fat was suspected. Urine cytology showed Eatypical cells whose nuclei were hyperchromatic (class IIIb). The left ureteral tumor was diagnosed as urothelial carcinoma (cT3N0M0) preoperatively. Subsequently, we performed laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision. The tumor was pathologically diagnosed as a plasmacytoma. Postoperative positron emission tomography did not reveal abnormal uptake, and bone marrow aspiration findings were normal. Consequently, the left ureter tumor was diagnosed as an extramedullary plasmacytoma of the ureter.
CONCLUSION
Extramedullary plasmacytoma commonly occurs in the upper respiratory tract or upper gastrointestinal tract. Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the ureter is rare. This is only the fourth reported case of extramedullary plasmacytoma of the ureter.
PubMed: 35005462
DOI: 10.1002/iju5.12373 -
Blood Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Plasmacytoma; Chromosome Aberrations; Disease Progression
PubMed: 38032673
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023021859 -
Seminars in Oncology Feb 2022Imaging innovations offer useful techniques applicable to many oncology specialties. Treatment advances in the field of multiple myeloma (MM) have increased the need for... (Review)
Review
Imaging innovations offer useful techniques applicable to many oncology specialties. Treatment advances in the field of multiple myeloma (MM) have increased the need for accurate diagnosis, particularly in the bone marrow, which is an essential component in myeloma-defining criteria. Modern imaging identifies osteolytic lesions, distinguishes solitary plasmacytoma from MM, and evaluates the presence of extramedullary disease. Furthermore, imaging is increasingly valuable in post-treatment response assessment. Detection of minimal residual disease after therapy carries prognostic implications and influences subsequent treatment planning. Whole-body low-dose Computed Tomography is now recommended over the conventional skeletal survey, and more sophisticated functional imaging methods, such as F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography , and diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging are proving effective in the assessment and monitoring of MM disease. This review focuses on understanding indications and advantages of these imaging modalities for diagnosing and managing myeloma.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multiple Myeloma; Plasmacytoma; Positron-Emission Tomography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 35190200
DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2022.01.007 -
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and... Dec 2023Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) of the nasal cavity is a rare neoplastic condition characterized by the localized proliferation of abnormal plasma cells. We...
Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) of the nasal cavity is a rare neoplastic condition characterized by the localized proliferation of abnormal plasma cells. We present a case of SEP involving the nasal cavity in a 40-year-old male patient who presented with nasal obstruction and recurrent epistaxis. The diagnosis was confirmed through clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and histopathological examination of excised specimen. The patient underwent trans-nasal endoscopic excision of nasal mass without any adjuvant therapy, which resulted in successful local control. This case report highlights the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, treatment modalities, and favourable prognosis associated with solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the nasal cavity.
PubMed: 37974764
DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04061-0 -
ORL; Journal For Oto-rhino-laryngology... 2023Solitary plasmacytoma is a rare neoplasm characterized by localized proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells and is classified as solitary bone or solitary... (Review)
Review
Solitary plasmacytoma is a rare neoplasm characterized by localized proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells and is classified as solitary bone or solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma. Here, we present two rare cases of plasmacytoma of the head and neck. The first is a 78-year-old male who presented with a 3-month history of epistaxis and progressive obstruction of the right nasal passage. Computerized tomography (CT) imaging revealed a mass in the right nasal cavity with destruction to the maxillary sinus. An excisional biopsy was performed revealing anaplastic plasmacytoma. The second is a 64-year-old male with a past medical history significant for prostate cancer who presented with a 2-month history of left ear pain and progressive non-tender temporal swelling. A PET/CT revealed a highly avid, destructive, and lytic left temporal mass with no other evidence of distant disease. A left temporal craniectomy and infratemporal fossa dissection revealed plasma cell dyscrasia with monoclonal lambda in situ hybridization. Although plasmacytomas are uncommon tumors of the head and neck, they may mimic other entities that require different treatment. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is critical for appropriate therapeutic decisions and prognosis.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Middle Aged; Plasmacytoma; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Nasal Cavity; Head; Neck
PubMed: 37364541
DOI: 10.1159/000530946 -
Cancer Medicine Jan 2021Plasma cell myeloma (also called multiple myeloma), solitary plasmacytoma, and extramedullary plasmacytoma are primarily diseases of the elderly. Evidence suggests an... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Plasma cell myeloma (also called multiple myeloma), solitary plasmacytoma, and extramedullary plasmacytoma are primarily diseases of the elderly. Evidence suggests an association between excess body weight and multiple myeloma. Few population-based studies have examined incidence and mortality of each site in one study. We analyzed incidence and death rates by site (solitary plasmacytoma, extramedullary plasmacytoma, and multiple myeloma) by gender, age, race/ethnicity, and rural-urban status among adult males and females (aged 20 years or older) in the United States during 2003-2016. Trends were characterized as average annual percentage change (AAPC) in rates. During 2003-2016, overall incidence rates among adults were 0.45 for solitary plasmacytoma, 0.09 for extramedullary plasmacytoma, and 8.47 for multiple myeloma per 100,000 persons. Incidence rates for multiple myeloma increased during 2003-2016 among non-Hispanic whites (AAPC = 1.78%) and non-Hispanic blacks (2.98%) 20-49 years of age; non-Hispanic whites (1.17%) and non-Hispanic blacks (1.24%) 50-59 years of age; and whites non-Hispanic (0.91%), and non-Hispanic blacks (0.96%). During 2003-2016 overall myeloma (extramedullary plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma) death rates among adults was 4.77 per 100,00 persons. Myeloma death rates decreased during 2003-2016 among non-Hispanic white (AAPC = -1.23%) and Hispanic (-1.34%) women; and non-Hispanic white (-0.74%), non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native (-3.05%) men. The US population is projected to become older and will have a larger proportion of persons who have had an earlier and longer exposure to excess body weight. The potential impact of these population changes on myeloma incidence and mortality can be monitored with high-quality cancer surveillance data.
Topics: Adult; Black or African American; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; American Indian or Alaska Native; Female; Hispanic or Latino; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple Myeloma; Obesity; Plasmacytoma; Race Factors; Racial Groups; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Rural Health; Sex Factors; Time Factors; United States; Urban Health; White People; Young Adult
PubMed: 33270992
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3444 -
The Canadian Journal of Neurological... Sep 2021To study the clinical profile and outcomes of patients with paraproteinemic neuropathy (PPN) and to explore the utility of nerve conduction studies (NCSs) to...
OBJECTIVES
To study the clinical profile and outcomes of patients with paraproteinemic neuropathy (PPN) and to explore the utility of nerve conduction studies (NCSs) to differentiate between the demyelinating subtypes.
METHODS
We did a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with PPN between January 2010 and December 2019 in an inpatient setting. The study population consisted of patients above 16 years of age presenting with clinical features suggestive of chronic peripheral neuropathy and on evaluation was found to have PPN.
RESULTS
A total of 74 patients were identified. The patients were predominantly in the 6th decade, and the majority were males. The subtypes of PPN were monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) (45.9%), POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal plasma cell disorder, and skin changes) (24.3%), solitary plasmacytoma (17.6%), multiple myeloma (8.1%), and AL amyloidosis (4.1%). There are specific features on NCS which can help in identifying POEMS syndrome and IgM MGUS. The majority of patients with PPN tend to stabilize or improve with treatment; however, many have a severe residual disability. New terminology and classification of these entities as 'monoclonal gammopathies of neurological significance' can aid in early diagnosis and the development of effective treatment, to prevent residual disability.
CONCLUSION
PPN has a heterogeneous spectrum of clinical, biochemical, and electrophysiological features. NCS can help distinguish POEMS syndrome and IgM MGUS from other demyelinating subtypes.
Topics: Humans; Male; Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance; Paraproteinemias; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Plasmacytoma; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 33397535
DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2020.278