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Family Process Mar 2023We reflect on family therapy and its history from two points of view, as an entity that becomes understood with the help of a twofold concept of a game, and a twofold...
We reflect on family therapy and its history from two points of view, as an entity that becomes understood with the help of a twofold concept of a game, and a twofold concept of liberty. Systemic family therapy has always been comprehended with the help of game theory. Its development becomes more properly understood if we keep in mind that game itself is a dualistic concept entailing both a cultural and a logico-mathematical interpretation of a game. We show how cultural ethos has molded the ways how game metaphor have been implemented to systemic thinking. In the same manner we show how Isaiah Berlin's idea of two incompatible concepts of liberty helps to contextualize family therapy in a way that its connections to sociopolitical theories of liberty become obvious. We believe that we have been able to demonstrate, how this twofold recontextualisation enriches the understanding of the ideological history of the family therapy. We claim that our reflections imply that family therapy is essentially a dualistic endeavor, that in the amid of it is a rift that cannot become repaired but only contemplated, that integrity of family therapy requires that we preserve both conflictual views, and don't try to simplify situation by abandoning one or the other. As a result, our article intends to develop further and deepen the idea that is originally presnted in the article "Strategy and intervention or non-intervention: A matter of theory" by Harold Goolishian and Harlene Anderson.
Topics: Humans; Family Therapy; Freedom
PubMed: 36127842
DOI: 10.1111/famp.12819 -
The Psychoanalytic Quarterly 2021In this article I define childhood symbolic play, free association, and enactments as distinct entities despite the important strands of connective tissue that bind them...
In this article I define childhood symbolic play, free association, and enactments as distinct entities despite the important strands of connective tissue that bind them psychologically. To Freud's definition of play being the same as fantasy, except for play's need to use props and playthings to actualize itself, I add action as an obvious but yet nevertheless neglected component of childhood symbolic play. I suggest that the potential for free association begins with the achievement of formal Piagetian cognitive processes in early adolescence, an achievement that needs no props or actions to set it in motion since words and ideas generate further spontaneities in a creative flow of associations. In adult psychoanalytic process, I define enactment, not only in the modern sense of a shared unconscious communication that illustrates the complementarity of countertransference/transference mutuality, but as if enactment could be isolated from its enmeshment in the countertransference/transference milieu of analytic process and viewed momentarily as a transference entity exclusively. I take this point of view to emphasize longitudinally, an individual's action in a developmental sequence, an imaginary developmental line from the six stages of sensorimotor actions that lead to symbolism, to thought as trial action, leading on then to symbolic play and to free association in adolescence, free associative communication being the essential core of analytic process despite the ubiquity of enactments that accompany it. I illustrate this imagined developmental line, which leads from the earliest sensorimotor acts to the decisive non-neurotic acts that characterize individuated post-analytic maturity, with psychoanalytic process from childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.
Topics: Adult; Countertransference; Free Association; Humans; Psychoanalysis; Psychoanalytic Therapy; Transference, Psychology
PubMed: 35312390
DOI: 10.1080/00332828.2021.1848208 -
Seminars in Speech and Language Aug 2022Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit early delays and deficits in play. In infancy, they engage in unusual exploratory behaviors with toys. As... (Review)
Review
Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit early delays and deficits in play. In infancy, they engage in unusual exploratory behaviors with toys. As toddlers, they are slow to develop functional play, and in preschool some children with ASD fail to develop symbolic play despite having the necessary cognitive and language skills. Furthermore, when children with ASD are engaged in play, they demonstrate less playfulness. This article reviews the literature on the characteristics of exploratory, functional, and symbolic/pretend play in children with ASD and possible reasons for their unusual patterns of play development. Increased quantity and quality of play are frequent therapeutic goals for children with ASD. If play interventions are to be successful, it is critical that speech-language pathologists have an adequate assessment of children's play skills. Several frameworks and tools appropriate for assessing play in typical children and children with ASD are described.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Child, Preschool; Cognition; Humans; Play and Playthings; Schools
PubMed: 35896409
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750348 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2022Malignant ovarian tumors bear the highest mortality rate among all gynecological cancers. Both late tumor diagnosis and tolerance to available chemotherapy increase... (Review)
Review
Malignant ovarian tumors bear the highest mortality rate among all gynecological cancers. Both late tumor diagnosis and tolerance to available chemotherapy increase patient mortality. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that histone modifications play a key role in cancerization and progression. Histone deacetylases is associated with chromatin condensed structure and transcriptional repression and play a role in chromatin remodeling and epigenetics. Histone deacetylases are promising targets for therapeutic interventions intended to reverse aberrant epigenetic associated with cancer. Therefore, histone deacetylases inhibitors could be used as anti-cancer drugs. Preclinical studies have shown promising outcomes of histone deacetylases inhibitors in ovarian cancer while clinical trials have had mixed results and limited success as monotherapy. Therefore, combination therapy with different anticancer drugs for synergistic effects and newly selective histone deacetylases inhibitors development for lower toxicity are hot issues now. In this review, we summarize the latest studies on the classification and mechanisms of action of histone deacetylase and the clinical application of their inhibitors as monotherapy or combination therapy in ovarian cancer.
PubMed: 36505774
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1057186 -
Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany) Nov 2021Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an extremely common medical affliction affecting both adult and pediatric patients resulting from hypoxic, nephrotoxic, and septic insults... (Review)
Review
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an extremely common medical affliction affecting both adult and pediatric patients resulting from hypoxic, nephrotoxic, and septic insults affecting approximately 20% of all hospital patients and up to 50% of patients in the intensive care unit. There are currently no therapeutics for patients who suffer AKI. Much recent work has focused on designing and implementing therapeutics for AKI. This review focuses on a family of enzymes known as sirtuins that play critical roles in regulating many cellular and biological functions. There are 7 mammalian sirtuins (SIRT1-7) that play roles in regulating the acylation of a wide variety of pathways. Furthermore, all but one of the mammalian sirtuins have been shown to play critical roles in mediating AKI based on preclinical studies. These diverse enzymes show exciting potential for therapeutic manipulation. This review will focus on the specific roles of each of the investigated sirtuins and the potential for manipulation of the various sirtuins and their effector pathways in mediating kidney injury.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Child; Humans; Sirtuins
PubMed: 33411071
DOI: 10.1007/s00467-020-04866-z -
Clinics in Sports Medicine Apr 2020During the protective phase of treatment, therapy for hand and wrist injuries in athletes is similar to the plan of care provided to all patients. The nuances in the... (Review)
Review
During the protective phase of treatment, therapy for hand and wrist injuries in athletes is similar to the plan of care provided to all patients. The nuances in the care provided to athletes become apparent during the transition to the postprotective phase of rehabilitation when the focus has shifted to return to play. Therapy following a sports injury should address the individual needs of the athletes in their everyday lives as well as the specificity of their training and sports-specific activities. The factors that influence return to play are discussed.
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Athletic Performance; Competitive Behavior; Humans; Interdisciplinary Communication; Orthotic Devices; Patient Care Team; Personal Protective Equipment; Physical Conditioning, Human; Return to Sport; Time Factors; Wrist Injuries
PubMed: 32115095
DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2019.12.009 -
Clinics in Sports Medicine Apr 2020Metacarpal and phalangeal fractures are common injuries in athletes and occur frequently in contact and ball-handling sports. They usually result after direct hits from... (Review)
Review
Metacarpal and phalangeal fractures are common injuries in athletes and occur frequently in contact and ball-handling sports. They usually result after direct hits from other players or athletic equipment. The fractures often are minimally displaced and require a short period of immobilization followed by early range of motion for expeditious return to play. Unstable or intra-articular fractures may require operative fixation. Open reduction and internal fixation afford the most stability while allowing for early rehabilitation. Athletes represent a unique population, and treatment of these fractures requires consideration of specific sport, timing of injury, and level of play.
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Finger Phalanges; Fracture Fixation, Internal; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Metacarpal Bones; Open Fracture Reduction; Range of Motion, Articular; Return to Sport
PubMed: 32115091
DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2019.12.002 -
The American Journal of Occupational... Nov 2022Occupational therapy researchers play a vital role in the expansion of how occupational and social injustices impact community engagement and participation related to...
Occupational therapy researchers play a vital role in the expansion of how occupational and social injustices impact community engagement and participation related to the prevalence of gun violence. Occupational therapy practitioners support prevention strategies and treatment interventions at the individual, community, and population levels.
Topics: Humans; Gun Violence; Occupational Therapy
PubMed: 36706299
DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2022.76S3009 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2022Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are important mediators of type 2 immunity and play an important role in allergic diseases, helminth infections, and tissue... (Review)
Review
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are important mediators of type 2 immunity and play an important role in allergic diseases, helminth infections, and tissue fibrosis. However, the role of ILC2s in tumor immunity requires further elucidation. Studies over the past decade have reported that ILC2s play a promoting or suppressing role in different tumors. Here we reviewed the role of ILC2s in solid tumors demonstrating that ILC2s act as a crucial regulator in tumor immunity. We proposed that ILC2s could be an important predictor for tumor prognosis and a new therapeutic target after immunotherapy resistance. In conclusion, our study shed new light on modifying and targeting ILC2s for anti-tumor immunotherapy.
Topics: Helminthiasis; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Immunity, Innate; Lymphocytes; Neoplasms
PubMed: 35720302
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.886045 -
International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2021The majority of the epithelial surfaces of our body, and the digestive tract, respiratory and urogenital systems, are colonized by a vast number of bacteria, archaea,... (Review)
Review
The majority of the epithelial surfaces of our body, and the digestive tract, respiratory and urogenital systems, are colonized by a vast number of bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoans, and viruses. These , particularly those of the intestines, play an important, beneficial role in digestion, metabolism, and the synthesis of vitamins. Their metabolites stimulate cytokine production by the human host, which are used against potential pathogens. The composition of the microbiota is influenced by several internal and external factors, including diet, age, disease, and lifestyle. Such changes, called dysbiosis, may be involved in the development of various conditions, such as metabolic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Hashimoto's thyroidis and Graves' disease; they can also play a role in nervous system disturbances, such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and depression. An association has also been found between gut microbiota dysbiosis and cancer. Our health is closely associated with the state of our microbiota, and their homeostasis. The aim of this review is to describe the associations between human gut microbiota and cancer, and examine the potential role of gut microbiota in anticancer therapy.
Topics: Central Nervous System Diseases; Dysbiosis; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Metabolic Diseases; Neoplasms
PubMed: 34948234
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413440