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European Heart Journal. Cardiovascular... Mar 2024
PubMed: 38462964
DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeae065 -
The National Medical Journal of India 2022Spontaneous pneumothorax leading to pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium and surgical emphysema is a benign condition. Progression to the development of epidural...
Spontaneous pneumothorax leading to pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium and surgical emphysema is a benign condition. Progression to the development of epidural pneumatosis is rare. We report a 19-year-old man who presented with dyspnoea and swelling of the chest wall following a bout of cough. Bilateral subcutaneous emphysema was palpated on the anterior chest wall from the sternum to the midaxillary regions. His chest X-ray revealed subcutaneous emphysema and pneumopericardium. His computed tomography of the thorax to rule out life-threatening conditions revealed bilateral subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumo-pericardium and pneumothorax. He was transferred to the intensive care unit. An intercostal drainage tube was inserted in the left pleural cavity. The patient was followed up with repeat chest X-rays. The patient's symptom got relieved and was discharged after day 9. Diagnosis of pneumomedia-stinum may not be as lamentable as it is seen. Close cardio-pulmonary monitoring is mandatory for complications and accompanying conditions. Most patients with uncomplicated spontaneous pneumomediastinum respond well to oxygen and conservative management. In this case, the patient's symptoms and severe tachypnoea prompted the insertion of an intercostal drainage tube.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Mediastinal Emphysema; Pneumopericardium; Pneumothorax; Postoperative Complications; Radiography; Subcutaneous Emphysema; Young Adult
PubMed: 36039622
DOI: 10.25259/NMJI_363_19 -
Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012) Feb 2022Pneumorrhachis (air within the spinal canal), Pneumomediastinum (abnormal air in the mediastinum), Pneumopericardium (air in the pericardial space), and Subcutaneous...
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE
Pneumorrhachis (air within the spinal canal), Pneumomediastinum (abnormal air in the mediastinum), Pneumopericardium (air in the pericardial space), and Subcutaneous emphysema (air trapped under the skin) are rare conditions which are rare features of Hamman Syndrome. Some of pulmonary diseases that relate to pneumorrhachis have been reported in the literature; but Hamman Syndrome with Pneumorrhachis and Pneumopericardium due to violent coughs that triggered by tongue scraping are very rare.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 20-year-old male with no previous lung disease or trauma was brought to the emergency department due to acute chest pain, dyspnea, choking, syncope, and neck swelling which started after several self-induced coughs when he was brushing his tongue. Chest CT scan revealed Pneumorrhachis, pneumomediastinum, Pneumopericardium and extensive subcutaneous emphysema associated with lung contusions.
CLINICAL DISCUSSION
Barotrauma due to violent coughs that triggered by tongue scraping may lead to lung injury resulting in Hamman Syndrome with rare features of pneumorrhachis and Pneumopericardium. To our knowledge this is the first case report of Hamman syndrome with pneumorrhachis and Pneumopericardium secondary to tongue brushing-induced lung injury in Somalia.
CONCLUSION
Violent coughs from tongue scarping can lead to Hamman Syndrome with Pneumorrhachis and Pneumopericardium.
PubMed: 35198173
DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103346 -
Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) Sep 2023This report highlights the early and unusual detection of a pneumopericardium by echocardiography prior to potential development of cardiocirculatory compromise. It is...
This report highlights the early and unusual detection of a pneumopericardium by echocardiography prior to potential development of cardiocirculatory compromise. It is important to consider pneumopericardium into the differential diagnosis when difficulties arise in the visualization of the heart by conventional echocardiography. Pneumopericardium is associated with a high mortality rate and may be effectively treated by immediate insertion of a pericardial catheter.
PubMed: 37750989
DOI: 10.1007/s10354-023-01021-9 -
Military Medicine Mar 2020We report an unusual case of extensive subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and pneumopericardium identified in an otherwise healthy U.S. Marine who was enrolled...
We report an unusual case of extensive subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and pneumopericardium identified in an otherwise healthy U.S. Marine who was enrolled in the Marine Corps School of Infantry. His training regimen included prolonged periods of yelling and elevation changes during sustained hiking through hilly terrain. The patient presented to the Fast Track with normal vital signs but complained of dyspnea, cough, and subjective fevers. Although he lacked a history of trauma, he was found to have pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema without pneumothorax. He was admitted to the general surgery service for observation and was ultimately released back to his unit after 24 hours. To our knowledge, pneumopericardium has never been attributed to persistent yelling in the setting of a lower respiratory tract infection and should be considered in the differential of atraumatic chest symptomatology in otherwise healthy military service members.
Topics: Cough; Humans; Male; Mediastinal Emphysema; Military Personnel; Pneumopericardium; Pneumothorax; Subcutaneous Emphysema
PubMed: 31560058
DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usz191 -
Clinical Case Reports Dec 2021ST elevations on electrocardiogram (ECG) have a broad differential diagnosis that can vary from benign to more ominous pathologies. These include early repolarization,...
ST elevations on electrocardiogram (ECG) have a broad differential diagnosis that can vary from benign to more ominous pathologies. These include early repolarization, coronary vasospasm, acute pericarditis, ST-elevation myocardial infarction, ventricular aneurysms, and dissecting aneurysm of the aorta reaching the pericardium. ST-segment changes may also provide a clue to the presence of spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM). These ECG changes are seldom reported in literature. We describe two SPM cases with concomitant pneumopericardium that closely mimicked acute pericarditis with a deceptive clinical spectrum.
PubMed: 34917373
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5156 -
European Journal of Trauma and... Oct 2019Pneumomediastinum is the hallmark of intrathoracic aerodigestive trauma, but rare following blunt injury.
PURPOSE
Pneumomediastinum is the hallmark of intrathoracic aerodigestive trauma, but rare following blunt injury.
AIM
review of blunt thoracic trauma (BTC) for the incidence and outcome of patients with pneumomediastinum or pneumopericardium (PM/PC) on Computerised Tomographic scanning.
METHODS
Admissions to the level I trauma ICU at IALCH, Durban, ZA following BTC from April 2007 to March 2014. Patients with Chest-CT-scan were analysed. Variables included age, sex, mechanism of injury, and Injury Severity Score (ISS). Specific injury patterns: isolated thoracic trauma, flail chest, bilateral injury and presence of haemothorax or pneumothorax were analysed.
RESULTS
Three hundred and eighty-nine patients were included. Males (70.9%) accounted for the majority of patients. The median Injury Severity Score was 32 (IQR 24-41). Motor vehicle collisions accounted for 94% of injury mechanisms. Twenty-three (5.9%) were identified with pneumomediastinum, 6 (1.5%) with both pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium, and 1 (0.2%) with isolated pneumopericardium. No patient required surgery for thoracic trauma. Increasing age (p < 0.001) and a flail chest (p = 0.005) were significant associations. The mortality rate was almost identical in those with or without air within the mediastinum. No patient died from a missed mediastinal aero-digestive injury.
CONCLUSION
The presence of PM/PC following BTC is incidental and benign. Increased injury severity with a flail chest is associated with a significant increase in the presence of free gas within the mediastinum. In the absence of complications, no obvious injury to the intrathoracic aero-digestive tract on CT scanning, and no difference in mortality, a conservative management policy is warranted.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Injury Severity Score; Male; Mediastinal Emphysema; Middle Aged; Pneumopericardium; Radiography, Thoracic; Retrospective Studies; Thoracic Injuries; Thoracostomy; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Wounds, Nonpenetrating; Young Adult
PubMed: 29687275
DOI: 10.1007/s00068-018-0960-5 -
The Journal of Invasive Cardiology Nov 2020Iatrogenic pneumopericardium after pericardiocentesis due to accidental leakage from the side port of the sheath has been reported in the literature. In the present...
Iatrogenic pneumopericardium after pericardiocentesis due to accidental leakage from the side port of the sheath has been reported in the literature. In the present case, it occurred during passage of the guidewire. Every step needs to be done meticulously. The patient should be advised not to take a deep breath during the puncture.
Topics: Humans; Iatrogenic Disease; Pericardiocentesis; Pneumopericardium
PubMed: 33130598
DOI: No ID Found -
Cureus Nov 2021Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its spectrum of respiratory illnesses ranging from mild to severe and critically ill have been well established. Spontaneous...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its spectrum of respiratory illnesses ranging from mild to severe and critically ill have been well established. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium (PP) appear to be less reported entities and have been found to be reported complications in COVID-19 infection. Pneumomediastinum (PM) and PP are characterized by the presence of air in the mediastinal and pericardial cavity, respectively. Although, generally, secondary to trauma or underlying lung conditions like asthma, bronchiolitis obliterans, and blunt trauma, it can also occur spontaneously without an evident primary cause. PM and PP are increasingly reported complications in COVID-19 patients adversely affecting clinical outcomes. We present a case series of patients with spontaneous pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium in the presence of underlying COVID-19 infection and their management at our academic medical center.
PubMed: 34926035
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19546 -
Journal of the College of Physicians... Sep 2020Pneumopericardium is a condition characterised by the presence of air within the pericardium. We hereby present a case of a rare potentially life-threatening...
Pneumopericardium is a condition characterised by the presence of air within the pericardium. We hereby present a case of a rare potentially life-threatening complication, which is, to our knowledge, the first report of the pneumopericardium after single port endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (SPETS). A 25-year male patient with a history of bilateral palmar hyperhidrosis underwent SPETS. Routine chest X-ray at post-anesthesia care unit showed presence of diffuse subcutaneous emphysema, helping to establish the diagnosis of pneumopericardium with no symptoms after the surgery. Pneumopericardium should be considered among the possible complications of SPETS. Such complication may progress to a fatal event, if not recognised early and managed rapidly. Based on clinical experience, routine postoperative clinical follow-up protocols should be established and applied for each patient following SPETS. Key Words: Palmar hyperhidrosis, Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy, Pneumopericardium.
Topics: Endoscopy; Humans; Hyperhidrosis; Male; Pneumopericardium; Sympathectomy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33036686
DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2020.09.980