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Chemical Biology & Drug Design Aug 2021The activities of marine alkaloids are manifested in antifungus and antimalaria. The optimization process, chemical synthesis, antimalarial activity, and antibacterial... (Review)
Review
The activities of marine alkaloids are manifested in antifungus and antimalaria. The optimization process, chemical synthesis, antimalarial activity, and antibacterial activity of various compounds were discussed.
Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antimalarials; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Plasmodium falciparum; Porifera; Structure-Activity Relationship
PubMed: 34008345
DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13892 -
Marine Biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) Jun 2022Many industrially significant compounds have been derived from natural products in the environment. Research efforts so far have contributed to the discovery of... (Review)
Review
Many industrially significant compounds have been derived from natural products in the environment. Research efforts so far have contributed to the discovery of beneficial natural products that have improved the quality of life on Earth. As one of the sources of natural products, marine sponges have been progressively recognised as microbial hotspots with reports of the sponges harbouring diverse microbial assemblages, genetic material, and metabolites with multiple industrial applications. Therefore, this paper aims at reviewing the recent literature (primarily published between 2016 and 2022) on the types and functions of natural products synthesised by sponge-associated microorganisms, thereby helping to bridge the gap between research and industrial applications. The metabolites that have been derived from sponge-associated microorganisms, mostly bacteria, fungi, and algae, have shown application prospects especially in medicine, cosmeceutical, environmental protection, and manufacturing industries. Sponge bacteria-derived natural products with medical properties harboured anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral functions. Efforts in re-identifying the origin of known and future sponge-sourced natural products would further clarify the roles and significance of microbes within marine sponges.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Biological Products; Fungi; Porifera; Quality of Life
PubMed: 35567600
DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10130-2 -
The Journal of Organic Chemistry Aug 2023Enigmazole B () and four new analogues, -enigmazole B (), dehydroenigmazole B (), enigmimide B (), and enigmimide A (), were isolated from the marine sponge . Their...
Enigmazole B () and four new analogues, -enigmazole B (), dehydroenigmazole B (), enigmimide B (), and enigmimide A (), were isolated from the marine sponge . Their planar structures were elucidated by detailed NMR and MS data analyses, which established - to be oxazole-substituted 18-membered phosphomacrolides, while and were oxazole ring-opened congeners. The relative and absolute configurations in were determined by a combination of chemical transformations and spectroscopic analyses. Photooxidation of the oxazole moiety in gave enigmimide B (), thus establishing that has the same absolute configuration of . Enigmazole B () along with analogues and showed cytotoxicity against murine IC-2 mast cells with IC values of 3.6-7.0 μM. The enigmimides ( and ) and dephosphoenigmazoles did not show cytotoxicity (IC > 10 μM), implying that both the oxazole moiety and the phosphate group are necessary for the cytotoxicity of the enigmazole class macrolides.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Porifera; Macrolides; Oxazoles; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Molecular Structure
PubMed: 37471139
DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00963 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2021Marine sponges are one of the prolific producers of bioactive natural products with therapeutic potential. As an important subgenus of , sponges are mainly distributed... (Review)
Review
Marine sponges are one of the prolific producers of bioactive natural products with therapeutic potential. As an important subgenus of , sponges are mainly distributed in the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic area, and had been chemically investigated for over four decades. By an extensive literature search, this review first makes a comprehensive summary of all natural products from sponges and their endozoic microbes, as well as biological properties. Perspectives on strengthening the chemical study of sponges for new drug-lead discovery are provided in this work.
Topics: Animals; Aquatic Organisms; Biological Products; Models, Molecular; Porifera
PubMed: 33669688
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041097 -
Marine Drugs May 2024Marine sponges of the genus have proven to be unabated sources of novel secondary metabolites with remarkable scaffold diversities and significant bioactivities. The... (Review)
Review
Marine sponges of the genus have proven to be unabated sources of novel secondary metabolites with remarkable scaffold diversities and significant bioactivities. The discovery of chemical substances from sponges has continued to increase over the last few years. The current work provides an up-to-date literature survey and comprehensive insight into the reported metabolites from the members of the genus , as well as their structural features, biological activities, and structure-activity relationships when available. In this review, 222 metabolites are discussed based on published data from the period from mid-2015 to the beginning of 2024. The compounds are categorized into sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, sesterterpenes, meroterpenes, linear furanoterpenes, steroids, alkaloids, and other miscellaneous substances. The biological effects of these chemical compositions on a vast array of pharmacological assays including cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, neuroprotective, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B)-inhibitory, and phytoregulating activities are also presented.
Topics: Porifera; Animals; Humans; Structure-Activity Relationship; Biological Products; Secondary Metabolism
PubMed: 38786604
DOI: 10.3390/md22050213 -
Molecular Biology and Evolution Feb 2020Eph receptor (Eph) and ephrin signaling regulate fundamental developmental processes through both forward and reverse signaling triggered upon cell-cell contact. In...
Eph receptor (Eph) and ephrin signaling regulate fundamental developmental processes through both forward and reverse signaling triggered upon cell-cell contact. In vertebrates, they are both classified into classes A and B, and some representatives have been identified in many metazoan groups, where their expression and functions have been well studied. We have extended previous phylogenetic analyses and examined the presence of Eph and ephrins in the tree of life to determine their origin and evolution. We have found that 1) premetazoan choanoflagellates may already have rudimental Eph/ephrin signaling as they have an Eph-/ephrin-like pair and homologs of downstream-signaling genes; 2) both forward- and reverse-downstream signaling might already occur in Porifera since sponges have most genes involved in these types of signaling; 3) the nonvertebrate metazoan Eph is a type-B receptor that can bind ephrins regardless of their membrane-anchoring structure, glycosylphosphatidylinositol, or transmembrane; 4) Eph/ephrin cross-class binding is specific to Gnathostomata; and 5) kinase-dead Eph receptors can be traced back to Gnathostomata. We conclude that Eph/ephrin signaling is of older origin than previously believed. We also examined the presence of protein domains associated with functional characteristics and the appearance and conservation of downstream-signaling pathways to understand the original and derived functions of Ephs and ephrins. We find that the evolutionary history of these gene families points to an ancestral function in cell-cell interactions that could contribute to the emergence of multicellularity and, in particular, to the required segregation of cell populations.
Topics: Animals; Cell Communication; Choanoflagellata; Ephrins; Evolution, Molecular; Humans; Phylogeny; Porifera; Receptors, Eph Family; Signal Transduction; Vertebrates
PubMed: 31589243
DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msz222 -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2022Sponges (Porifera), basal nonbilaterian metazoans, are well known for their high regenerative capacities ranging from reparation of a lost body wall to whole-body...
Sponges (Porifera), basal nonbilaterian metazoans, are well known for their high regenerative capacities ranging from reparation of a lost body wall to whole-body regeneration from a small piece of tissues or even from dissociated cells. Sponges from different clades utilize different cell sources and various morphological processes to complete the regeneration. This variety makes these animals promising models for studying the evolution of regeneration in Metazoa. However, there are few publications concerning the regenerative mechanisms in sponges. This could be partially explained by the delicacy of sponge tissues, which requires modifying and fine adjusting of common research protocols. The current chapter describes various methods for studying regeneration processes in the marine calcareous sponge, Leucosolenia. Provided protocols span all significant research steps: from sponge collection and surgical operations to various types of microscopy and immunohistochemical studies.
Topics: Animals; Porifera
PubMed: 35359303
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2172-1_4 -
Marine Drugs Dec 2022Marine sponges represent one of the richest sources of natural marine compounds with anticancer potential. Plocabulin (PM060184), a polyketide originally isolated from... (Review)
Review
Marine sponges represent one of the richest sources of natural marine compounds with anticancer potential. Plocabulin (PM060184), a polyketide originally isolated from the sponge , elicits its main anticancer properties binding tubulin, which still represents one of the most important targets for anticancer drugs. Plocabulin showed potent antitumor activity, in both in vitro and in vivo models of different types of cancers, mediated not only by its antitubulin activity, but also by its ability to block endothelial cell migration and invasion. The objective of this review is to offer a description of plocabulin's mechanisms of action, with special emphasis on the antiangiogenic signals and the latest progress on its development as an anticancer agent.
Topics: Animals; Polyketides; Antineoplastic Agents; Neoplasms; Pyrones; Porifera
PubMed: 36662211
DOI: 10.3390/md21010038 -
Marine Drugs Jun 2021In this review, we discuss structural diversity, taxonomic distribution, biological activities, biogenesis, and synthesis of a rare group of terpenoids, the so-called... (Review)
Review
In this review, we discuss structural diversity, taxonomic distribution, biological activities, biogenesis, and synthesis of a rare group of terpenoids, the so-called malabaricane and isomalabaricane triterpenoids, as well as some compounds derived from them. Representatives of these groups were found in some higher and lower terrestrial plants, as well as in some fungi, and in a relatively small group of marine sponges. The skeletal systems of malabaricanes and isomalabaricanes are similar to each other, but differ principally in the stereochemistry of their tricyclic core fragments, consisting of two six-membered and one five-membered rings. Evolution of these triterpenoids provides variety of rearranged, oxidized, and glycoconjugated products. These natural compounds have attracted a lot of attention for their biosynthetic origin and biological activity, especially for their extremely high cytotoxicity against tumor cells as well as promising neuroprotective properties in nanomolar concentrations.
Topics: Animals; Biosynthetic Pathways; Fungi; Glycoconjugates; Plants; Porifera; Triterpenes
PubMed: 34198756
DOI: 10.3390/md19060327 -
The Biological and Chemical Diversity of Tetramic Acid Compounds from Marine-Derived Microorganisms.Marine Drugs Feb 2020Tetramic acid (pyrrolidine-2,4-dione) compounds, isolated from a variety of marine and terrestrial organisms, have attracted considerable attention for their diverse,... (Review)
Review
Tetramic acid (pyrrolidine-2,4-dione) compounds, isolated from a variety of marine and terrestrial organisms, have attracted considerable attention for their diverse, challenging structural complexity and promising bioactivities. In the past decade, marine-derived microorganisms have become great repositories of novel tetramic acids. Here, we discuss the biological activities of 277 tetramic acids of eight classifications (simple 3-acyl tetramic acids, 3-oligoenoyltetramic acids, 3-decalinoyltetramic acid, 3-spirotetramic acids, macrocyclic tetramic acids, -acylated tetramic acids, α-cyclopiazonic acid-type tetramic acids, and other tetramic acids) from marine-derived microbes, including fungi, actinobacteria, bacteria, and cyanobacteria, as reported in 195 research studies up to 2019.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Animals; Aquatic Organisms; Biological Products; Cyanobacteria; Fungi; Porifera; Pyrrolidinones
PubMed: 32075282
DOI: 10.3390/md18020114