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Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2020Giant porokeratosis (PK) is a rare entity. Many consider it as a variant of PK of Mibelli, while others describe it as a separate variant. The diameter may range between...
Giant porokeratosis (PK) is a rare entity. Many consider it as a variant of PK of Mibelli, while others describe it as a separate variant. The diameter may range between 10 and 12 cm and the wall of hyperkeratotic ridge may be upto 1 cm. High tropical temperature and long duration of outdoor activities without adequate clothing are known influencing factors of PK. To the best of our knowledge, only five cases of solitary giant PK and a case of disseminated giant PK have been documented from India. We report three cases of giant PK for their rarity.
PubMed: 33344352
DOI: 10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_356_20 -
Dermatologic Surgery : Official... Dec 2019Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) are at an increased risk of epithelial malignancies, mainly squamous cell carcinoma, and its precursor lesions such as actinic... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) are at an increased risk of epithelial malignancies, mainly squamous cell carcinoma, and its precursor lesions such as actinic keratoses, warts, and porokeratosis, which may respond to retinoid therapy.
OBJECTIVE
To review the published evidence on the efficacy and safety of topical and systemic retinoids for the treatment and prophylaxis of malignant and premalignant conditions that mostly afflict SOTRs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Systematic review of the literature to summarize the level of evidence and grade of recommendation for retinoid therapy with emphasis in the SOTR population.
RESULTS
Acitretin has the highest strength of recommendation (Grade A) for prophylaxis of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and treatment and prophylaxis of actinic keratoses in SOTR. In nonimmunosuppressed patients, acitretin and isotretinoin have a Grade B recommendation for treatment of recalcitrant warts. Topical retinoids have not shown efficacy in preventing NMSC in immunocompetent patients.
CONCLUSION
Retinoids constitute a highly efficacious alternative for the management of the most common conditions that affect SOTRs. Acitretin has the most robust evidence for chemoprophylaxis in SOTRs. Knowledge about the specific indications and expected side effects of topical and systemic retinoids may help optimize their therapeutic potential.
Topics: Acitretin; Administration, Cutaneous; Administration, Oral; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Dermatologic Agents; Dermatology; Evidence-Based Medicine; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isotretinoin; Keratosis, Actinic; Organ Transplantation; Skin Neoplasms; Transplant Recipients; Treatment Outcome; Warts
PubMed: 31403546
DOI: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000002072 -
World Journal of Clinical Cases May 2022Porokeratosis is a rare, acquired, or inherited disorder of keratinization. There are numerous clinical types of porokeratosis and they can coexist in one patient and...
BACKGROUND
Porokeratosis is a rare, acquired, or inherited disorder of keratinization. There are numerous clinical types of porokeratosis and they can coexist in one patient and multiple members of an affected family. However, coexistence of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) and porokeratosis ptychotropica (Ppt) is rare.
CASE SUMMARY
A 45-year-old man presented with long-standing skin lesions. Physical examination identified numerous small, brown 2-mm to 4-mm patches on his face and several hyperkeratotic, verrucous plaques on his trunk and extremities. His father and one of his brothers also had similar lesions for years. Skin biopsies indicated a cornoid lamella in the epidermis. We identified c.155G>A mutation in the mevalonate kinase (MVK) gene, which converted a serine residue to asparagine (p.Ser52Asn) and was causative for porokeratosis in this family. A clinicopathologic diagnosis of DSAP and Ppt with a novel MVK gene mutation was made. The hyperkeratotic plaques on the patient's scrotum were completely removed more than 10 times using a microwave knife.
CONCLUSION
An unusual case of DSAP coexisting with Ppt harbored a novel MVK gene mutation also present in the patient's family.
PubMed: 35663074
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i14.4528 -
Clinical and Experimental Dermatology Jun 2021
Topics: Adult; Anal Canal; Buttocks; Exanthema; Humans; Male; Penis; Porokeratosis
PubMed: 33650728
DOI: 10.1111/ced.14600 -
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational... 2021Porokeratosis ptychotropica is a rare form of porokeratosis characterized by dyskeratotic skin lesions around genital area or gluteal cleft. Herein, a case of...
Porokeratosis ptychotropica is a rare form of porokeratosis characterized by dyskeratotic skin lesions around genital area or gluteal cleft. Herein, a case of porokeratosis ptychotropica was reported. The patient was a 35-year-old man, who complained of pruritic papules and plaques in the perianal and buttock region for thirteen years. On examination, well-demarcated brown plaques with a verrucous white surface and multiple satellite papules were located along the gluteal folds and buttocks sparing the anus. Histopathological examination was consistent with porokeratosis. Combined with clinical manifestations and histopathologic changes, the patient was diagnosed as porokeratosis ptychotropica. He was treated with oral acitretin 30mg/d and CO laser treatment, but the lesions showed no evident improvement after three months. Although it is not a new case, this condition is an extremely rare one that must be reviewed and emphasized. The dermatologist should keep porokeratosis ptychotropica in mind as one differential diagnosis for pruritic papules in the anogenital region.
PubMed: 34675580
DOI: 10.2147/CCID.S334682 -
Cureus Jan 2024Disseminated superficial porokeratosis is a rare dermatological disorder characterized by annular keratotic lesions, presenting diagnostic challenges due to its variable...
Disseminated superficial porokeratosis is a rare dermatological disorder characterized by annular keratotic lesions, presenting diagnostic challenges due to its variable clinical manifestations. The pathogenesis involves genetic predisposition and environmental factors, with mutations in the mevalonate pathway implicated. Despite its benign nature, this condition significantly impacts patients' quality of life, necessitating accurate diagnosis and effective therapeutic strategies. We present the case of a 45-year-old female with a three-year history of annular plaques on sun-exposed areas progressing to involve multiple body regions. The characteristic histopathological finding of coronoid lamellae confirmed the diagnosis of disseminated superficial porokeratosis. Treatment involved a multimodal approach, including topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and systemic retinoids, resulting in satisfactory clinical outcomes. Long-term follow-up emphasized the need for ongoing disease monitoring and patient education regarding sun protection. The presented case underscores the importance of recognizing characteristic histopathological features for accurate diagnosis and highlights the significance of long-term follow-up, disease monitoring, and patient education to optimize outcomes and enhance overall quality of life.
PubMed: 38318598
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51736 -
BMJ Case Reports Feb 2024
Topics: Humans; Porokeratosis
PubMed: 38373807
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-259554 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2023Fordyce spots (FS) are heterotopic sebaceous glands affecting mostly oral and genital mucosa, commonly misdiagnosed with sexually transmitted infections. In a...
Fordyce spots (FS) are heterotopic sebaceous glands affecting mostly oral and genital mucosa, commonly misdiagnosed with sexually transmitted infections. In a single-center retrospective study, we aimed to assess the ultraviolet-induced fluorescencedermatoscopy (UVFD) clues of Fordyce spots and their common clinical simulants: molluscum contagiosum, penile pearly papules, human papillomavirus warts, genital lichen planus, and genital porokeratosis. Analyzed documentation included patients' medical records (1 September-30 October 2022) and photodocumentation, which included clinical images as well as polarized, non-polarized, and UVFD images. Twelve FS patients were included in the study group and fourteen patients in the control group. A novel and seemingly specific UVFD pattern of FS was described: regularly distributed bright dots over yellowish-greenish clods. Even though, in the majority of instances, the diagnosis of FS does not require more than naked eye examination, UVFD is a fast, easy-to-apply, and low-cost modality that can further increase the diagnostic confidence and rule out selected infectious and non-infectious differential diagnoses if added to conventional dermatoscopic diagnosis.
PubMed: 36900129
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050985 -
Case Reports in Dermatology 2023Porokeratosis is a group of well-known clinically distinct entities, characterised by different clinical aspects, but sharing a single common histological aspect, namely...
Porokeratosis is a group of well-known clinically distinct entities, characterised by different clinical aspects, but sharing a single common histological aspect, namely the cornoid lamella. Usually, porokeratosis occurs in the limbs and trunk, while it rarely involves the face, especially as an exclusive, single, and solitary lesion. We report the case of a 52-year-old Caucasian woman, with an 11-month history of a 2-cm slowly growing solitary, keratotic lesion on her left cheekbone. The patient did not present other cutaneous lesions on the face, as well as in other body sites. A cutaneous biopsy showed epidermal hyperplasia with multiple, sharply defined cornoid lamella, associated with an underlying attenuation of the granular layer and scattered dyskeratotic cells in the spinous layer. The superficial dermis underneath showed a mild lymphocytic infiltrate and fibrosis with remodelled collagen bundles. A final diagnosis of solitary facial porokeratosis was made.
PubMed: 37899946
DOI: 10.1159/000530936 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2022
PubMed: 36386089
DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_897_21