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Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2023Frequency-difference-stabilized dual-frequency solid-state lasers with tunable and large frequency difference have become an ideal light source for the high-accuracy... (Review)
Review
Frequency-difference-stabilized dual-frequency solid-state lasers with tunable and large frequency difference have become an ideal light source for the high-accuracy absolute-distance interferometric system due to their stable multistage synthetic wavelengths. In this work, the advances in research on oscillation principles and key technologies of the different kinds of dual-frequency solid-state lasers are reviewed, including birefringent dual-frequency solid-state lasers, biaxial and two-cavity dual-frequency solid-state lasers. The system composition, operating principle, and some main experimental results are briefly introduced. Several typical frequency-difference stabilizing systems for dual-frequency solid-state lasers are introduced and analyzed. The main development trends of research on dual-frequency solid-state lasers are predicted.
PubMed: 36991932
DOI: 10.3390/s23063206 -
Transfusion Oct 2021Source plasma (SP) is the primary starting material for 87% of plasma-derived medicinal products globally. Plasmavigilance is a program designed to collect, analyze, and...
BACKGROUND
Source plasma (SP) is the primary starting material for 87% of plasma-derived medicinal products globally. Plasmavigilance is a program designed to collect, analyze, and monitor donor adverse events (AEs) across the SP collection industry. Donor retention depends on donors having a safe and satisfactory experience. This study analyzes AE rates and SP donor characteristics that may be predictors of an AE.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS
Donation data for 1.1 million donors making 12,183,182 SP donations over a 4-month period were analyzed. This represented approximately 72% of the donations collected by the U.S. plasma industry. The Standard for Recording Donor Adverse Events was used for AE definitions and classifications.
RESULTS
The overall AE rate was 15.85/10 donations. The two AEs with the highest rates were Hypotensive and Phlebotomy events (8.32 and 5.91/10 donations, respectively). Females had higher overall AE rates than males (25.76 vs. 9.85/10 donations), and first-time donors had higher overall AE rates than repeat donors (136.66 vs. 12.37/10 donations). Weight, body mass index, age, and pre-donation estimated blood volume also were predictors of AE.
DISCUSSION
SP donors have low AE rates with 90% being events classified as Hypotensive or Phlebotomy. Special attention and mitigation strategies should be directed to donors who are young, lightweight (between 100 and 124 pounds), female, or first-time donors to further reduce the incidence of AE, continue to ensure the donor has a safe experience, and facilitate donor retention.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Blood Donors; Blood Specimen Collection; Blood Volume; Female; Humans; Hypotension; Male; Phlebotomy; Plasma; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; United States
PubMed: 34390267
DOI: 10.1111/trf.16612 -
Rhode Island Medical Journal (2013) May 2021Whipple's disease is a rare infectious disease caused by the bacterium Tropheryma whipplei. The prevalence of Whipple's disease is 3/1,000,000 in Western populations. It...
Whipple's disease is a rare infectious disease caused by the bacterium Tropheryma whipplei. The prevalence of Whipple's disease is 3/1,000,000 in Western populations. It most often causes a malabsorption disorder with weight loss and diarrhea as common presenting symptoms. In one-third of patients, however, there are no gastrointestinal symptoms at presentation; patients instead report a wide variety of non-specific extraintestinal complaints, potentially involving every organ system. We report a case of a 37-year-old man who presented with a 3-month history of non-bloody diarrhea and 15-pound weight loss. He was ultimately diagnosed with biopsy-confirmed Whipple's disease. Despite its rarity, Whipple's disease remains an important clinical entity and should be included on the differential diagnosis for selected patients presenting with an array of non-specific symptoms.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biopsy; Diarrhea; Humans; Male; Tropheryma; Whipple Disease
PubMed: 33926159
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Dec 2019The title com-pound, CHNO, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group 2/ with four mol-ecules in the unit cell. All 17 non-H atoms of one mol-ecule lie essentially in...
The title com-pound, CHNO, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group 2/ with four mol-ecules in the unit cell. All 17 non-H atoms of one mol-ecule lie essentially in one plane. In the unit cell, two pairs of mol-ecules are exactly coplanar, while the angle between these two orientations is close to perfectly perpendicular at 87.64 (6)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules adopt a 50:50 crisscross arrangement, which is held together by two nonclassical and two classical inter-molecular hydrogen bonds. The hydrogen-bonding network together with off-centre π-π stacking inter-actions between the pyridine and outermost benzene rings, stack the mol-ecules along the -axis direction.
PubMed: 31871739
DOI: 10.1107/S2056989019014440 -
Journal of Diabetes and Its... Dec 2023
Topics: Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
PubMed: 37992414
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108649 -
Epilepsy & Behavior Reports 2023Eating disorders have been shown to be associated with epilepsy, typically associated with the temporal lobe and usually of non-dominant hemisphere origin. We report the...
Eating disorders have been shown to be associated with epilepsy, typically associated with the temporal lobe and usually of non-dominant hemisphere origin. We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with drug resistant epilepsy, localized to the dominant left hippocampus. She experienced an increasing frequency of seizures over a two-year period associated with loss of appetite and substantial weight loss independent of antiseizure medication changes. Extensive workup eliminated gastrointestinal and paraneoplastic etiologies. There was no history of psychiatric illness, including anorexia nervosa. Pre-surgical workup showed mesial temporal sclerosis on MRI and video-EEG was consistent with ipsilateral medial temporal seizure onset. The patient underwent laser interstitial ablation of the left amygdala and hippocampus, which resulted in a cessation of seizures. Within 24 h of the laser ablation, her appetite returned to normal and, within 8 months she regained 26 lbs. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a patient with dominant temporal lobe epilepsy with anorexia that was temporally associated with escalating seizure frequency and stopped with treatment and cessation of seizures, suggesting a causal and pathogenic relationship.
PubMed: 36590373
DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2022.100577 -
British Journal of Anaesthesia Jan 2021
Topics: Anemia; Blood Transfusion; Hemorrhage; Humans; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 32981674
DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.09.009 -
Journal of Pain & Palliative Care... Jun 2021While mirtazapine is primarily prescribed for major depressive disorder, it is less commonly prescribed for anorexia related to various disease states. Mirtazapine is...
While mirtazapine is primarily prescribed for major depressive disorder, it is less commonly prescribed for anorexia related to various disease states. Mirtazapine is associated with few adverse events but potential for a discontinuation syndrome does exist. Here we describe a case of a 53-year-old man prescribed mirtazapine 15 mg/day for appetite stimulation who experienced anxiousness, nausea, tremor, loss of appetite, lack of desire for food, and an 8-pound weight loss after abrupt, inadvertent discontinuation. Symptom onset was acute and presented within 48-hours of stopping his medication. Mirtazapine was restarted at the same dose after 14 days of ongoing symptoms and his symptoms subsided immediately. Scant literature exists to highlight the potentially serious adverse events associated with abrupt mirtazapine discontinuation, even at low doses, and this case contributes to advocating for the need of mirtazapine taper when medication cessation is being considered.
Topics: Appetite; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Hunger; Male; Mianserin; Middle Aged; Mirtazapine
PubMed: 33856954
DOI: 10.1080/15360288.2021.1883183 -
The American Journal of Geriatric... May 2021
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloidosis; Antidepressive Agents; Depression; Humans
PubMed: 33293249
DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2020.11.006 -
American Journal of Perinatology Feb 2022This study aimed to compare attendance of nutritional counseling, dietary composition, exercise patterns, and socioeconomic factors among obese women with inappropriate... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to compare attendance of nutritional counseling, dietary composition, exercise patterns, and socioeconomic factors among obese women with inappropriate gestational weight gain (iGWG) versus appropriate GWG (aGWG).
STUDY DESIGN
Medicaid-eligible women receiving prenatal care at a tertiary care center from January 2013 to December 2015 were offered individualized nutritional counseling by a registered dietitian encouraging well-balanced meals and 150 min/wk of exercise. We conducted a prospective case-control study of obese women (body mass index or BMI ≥30) with a singleton gestation with iGWG (<11 or >20 pounds) versus aGWG (11-20 pounds). Dietary intake, activity level, and socioeconomic factors were compared with Chi-square, Fisher's exact, Student's -test, and Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests as indicated, and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Multivariate regression analysis for significant variables was performed. A subgroup analysis of women with BMI ≥40 was planned.
RESULTS
A total of 401 women were analyzed: 78% ( = 313) with iGWG and 22% ( = 88) with aGWG. Demographics were similar between groups. Women with iGWG less frequently reported physician reinforcement of counseling and reported more physical inactivity and unemployment; there were no differences in caloric intake or macronutrient profile between groups. Multivariate regression identified physician reinforcement and employment as independent predictors of aGWG. Among women with BMI ≥40 ( = 133), those with iGWG (78%) were less likely to attend counseling, report physician reinforcement of counseling, and have adequate caloric and protein intake when compared with those with aGWG (22%). Activity level and socioeconomic factors were not different between groups.
CONCLUSION
Physician reinforcement of nutritional counseling, greater activity level, and employment are associated with aGWG in women with BMI ≥30, while individualized professional nutritional counseling and dietary modifications were further associated with aGWG in women with BMI ≥40. Thus, greater focus should be placed on enhancing exposure to counseling and altering nutritional and exercise choices to optimize aGWG.
KEY POINTS
· Physician reinforcement of nutritional counseling by a dietitian is crucial for obese women.. · Physical inactivity and unemployment are associated with inappropriate gestational weight gain.. · Nutritional counseling is associated with appropriate gestational weight gain in women with BMI ≥40..
Topics: Adult; Case-Control Studies; Counseling; Diet; Exercise; Female; Gestational Weight Gain; Humans; Logistic Models; Nutritional Sciences; Obesity; Odds Ratio; Patient Education as Topic; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prenatal Care; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 32854132
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1715529