-
PloS One 2021The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the development and progression of presbyopia and the status of dry eye-related symptoms from 2017 to 2020, to assess the...
PURPOSE
The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the development and progression of presbyopia and the status of dry eye-related symptoms from 2017 to 2020, to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
Near add power at 30 cm was measured in 339 participants aged between 40 and 55 from 2017 to 2021 at Japanese eye clinics. Regression analysis of near add power and age was analyzed to compare 2017 with later years up to the pandemic. The prevalence of dry eye-related signs and six common symptoms were compared.
RESULTS
The number and mean age (y) of participants were 183 (48.6±4.1) in 2017, 46 (51.3±7.5) in 2019, and 110 (49.2±3.7) in 2020-21, respectively. The mean progression rate of near add power (D/y) was 0.13 for 2017, 0.09 for 2019 (P = 0.028, vs 2017), and 0.08 for 2020-21 (P<0.001, vs 2017). The slope (rate of presbyopia progression) became flatter from 2017 to 2021 and the estimated near add power at the age of 40 increased from 2017 to 2020-2021, implicating presbyopia developed earlier and worsened during the study period. The 2017 values were comparable with previous studies described in 1922 and 2019. The standardized correlation coefficient between age and near add power was 0.816 for 2017, 0.671 for 2019 (P = 0.084, vs 2017), and 0.572 for 2020-21 (P<0.001, vs 2017). Multiple regression analysis revealed age and COVID-19 pandemic were significantly correlated with near add power. The prevalence of dryness irritation, and pain was greater in 2020-21 than in 2017 with no difference in the prevalence of eye fatigue, blurring, and photophobia. There was no difference in the prevalence of short tear break-up time and positive corneal staining among 2017, 2019 and 2020-21.
CONCLUSION
Estimated presbyopia developed earlier and progressed slower from 2017 to 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic. Stress and rapid digitalization related to strict infection control and quarantine might be contributing factors.
Topics: Adult; COVID-19; Cohort Studies; Dry Eye Syndromes; Female; Humans; Japan; Male; Middle Aged; Pandemics; Presbyopia; Refraction, Ocular; SARS-CoV-2; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 34762654
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259142 -
Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Jul 2022Despite affecting approximately 1.8 billion individuals worldwide, until recently, a pharmacologic treatment for presbyopia was not available. This special commentary... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Despite affecting approximately 1.8 billion individuals worldwide, until recently, a pharmacologic treatment for presbyopia was not available. This special commentary reviews the treatment of presbyopia with a focus on the recently approved medication Vuity (pilocarpine 1.25%, Allergan, an AbbVie Company).
RECENT FINDINGS
Vuity is a re-engineered formulation of pilocarpine 1.25% specifically designed for the treatment of presbyopia. Recently published results from the GEMINI 1 Phase 3 clinical trial reported improvement in distance corrected near vision without significant compromise in distance vision. No unexpected safety findings were reported with mild headache being the most common adverse event. Notably, there were no reported cases of retinal detachment or angle closure during the 30-day phase 3 clinical trials.
SUMMARY
Vuity is the first treatment designed and FDA approved to treat the growing presbyopia market. Phase 3 clinical trials demonstrated its ability to improve near vision without significant compromise in distance vision. We recognize this paradigm shift in the treatment of presbyopia and anxiously await additional treatment options for this ubiquitous condition.
Topics: Humans; Myopia; Pilocarpine; Presbyopia; Vision, Ocular
PubMed: 35779051
DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000864 -
Contact Lens & Anterior Eye : the... Apr 2020Every part of the human body is subject to aging, including the eye. An increased prevalence of dry eye disease with age is widely acknowledged. Aging threatens ocular... (Review)
Review
Every part of the human body is subject to aging, including the eye. An increased prevalence of dry eye disease with age is widely acknowledged. Aging threatens ocular surface homeostasis, altering the normal functioning of the lacrimal functional unit and potentially leading to signs and symptoms of dry eye. Additional age-related processes take place within the crystalline lens, leading to presbyopia and cataractogenesis. Correction strategies for presbyopia and cataracts may directly or indirectly challenge the ocular surface. Contact lenses disturb the normal structure of the tear film and can interact negatively with the ocular surface, further deteriorating an already unbalanced tear film in presbyopes, however, newer contact lens designs can overcome some of these issues. Moreover, cataract and corneal refractive surgeries sever corneal nerves and disrupt the corneal epithelium and ocular surface, which can influence surgical outcomes and aggravate dryness symptoms in older age groups. This review summarises the current understanding of how the invasive nature of contact lens wear and cataract and refractive surgery influence signs and symptoms of ocular dryness in an aging population.
Topics: Aged; Aging; Disease Progression; Dry Eye Syndromes; Humans; Presbyopia; Refraction, Ocular; Tears
PubMed: 31445772
DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2019.08.005 -
Optometry and Vision Science : Official... Aug 2022Presbyopia typically occurs around 40 years of age and affects approximately one-quarter of the global population. Up to October 2021, there were no approved...
SIGNIFICANCE
Presbyopia typically occurs around 40 years of age and affects approximately one-quarter of the global population. Up to October 2021, there were no approved pharmacotherapies for presbyopia, and common treatments, such as glasses, can have disadvantages for individuals' health-related quality of life.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to document the experience of living with and managing presbyopia, identify perspectives on treatment options, and determine whether there is an unmet need in the treatment landscape.
METHODS
Coded transcripts of concept elicitation (CE; n = 20) and cognitive debriefing (n = 20) interviews with presbyopic individuals, originally conducted for development of patient-reported outcome instruments, were reanalyzed to identify salient concepts describing participants' experiences with presbyopia treatments. Qualitative ranking exercises assessed participants' preferences for a potential pharmacotherapy vs. existing treatments.
RESULTS
Because most concepts were identified with the CE interviews, data reflect CE findings unless otherwise noted. Average age across CE/cognitive debriefing interviews was 49.4 years; a vast majority of participants used glasses for presbyopia treatment. Four themes related to treatment with glasses were identified with the interviews: inconvenience during daily activities, negative physical sensations around the eyes/head, limitations, and undesirable impacts on daily life (e.g., psychosocial). Most commonly, participants reported inconveniences related to forgetting glasses and psychosocial impacts (e.g., feeling/looking older). Strained/tired eyes and limited ability to see at varying distances were also reported. Among participants with near-vision glasses who provided data, two-thirds expressed interest in alternative treatments. In addition, almost three-quarters of the participants ranked hypothetical eye drops as their first or second preferred option, vs. reading glasses, contact lenses, magnifying glasses, and surgery.
CONCLUSIONS
This study explored the experience of living with and managing presbyopia and identified limitations and negative impacts of current treatments. Pharmacological development (e.g., eye drops) may fulfill an unmet need in the presbyopia treatment landscape.
Topics: Eyeglasses; Humans; Middle Aged; Ophthalmic Solutions; Presbyopia; Quality of Life; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 35678617
DOI: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001913 -
Nutrients Nov 2022Oxidative stress represents one of the main factors driving the pathophysiology of multiple ophthalmic conditions including presbyopia, cataracts, dry eye disease (DED),... (Review)
Review
Oxidative stress represents one of the main factors driving the pathophysiology of multiple ophthalmic conditions including presbyopia, cataracts, dry eye disease (DED), glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Currently, different studies have demonstrated the role of orally administered nutraceuticals in these diseases. For instance, they have demonstrated to improve lens accommodation in presbyopia, reduce protein aggregation in cataracts, ameliorate tear film stability, break up time, and tear production in dry eye, and participate in the avoidance of retinal neuronal damage and a decrease in intraocular pressure in glaucoma, contribute to the delayed progression of AMD, or in the prevention or treatment of neuronal death in diabetic retinopathy. In this review, we summarized the nutraceuticals which have presented a positive impact in ocular disorders, emphasizing the clinical assays. The characteristics of the different types of nutraceuticals are specified along with the nutraceutical concentration used to achieve a therapeutic outcome in ocular diseases.
Topics: Humans; Diabetic Retinopathy; Cataract; Eye; Dry Eye Syndromes; Macular Degeneration; Glaucoma
PubMed: 36501043
DOI: 10.3390/nu14235014 -
Journal of Refractive Surgery... Jun 2021Presbyopia is the consequence of the slow and progressive universal decline in the amplitude of accommodation with age, and it will eventually affect everyone. This...
Presbyopia is the consequence of the slow and progressive universal decline in the amplitude of accommodation with age, and it will eventually affect everyone. This article discusses the disease state of presbyopia and describes the classifications of its progression. .
Topics: Accommodation, Ocular; Humans; Presbyopia
PubMed: 34170763
DOI: 10.3928/1081597X-20210408-05 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine May 2021Presbyopia treatment in pseudophakic patients with a monofocal IOL is challenging. This study investigates the refractive results of femto-PresbyLASIK and analyzes...
BACKGROUND
Presbyopia treatment in pseudophakic patients with a monofocal IOL is challenging. This study investigates the refractive results of femto-PresbyLASIK and analyzes presbyopia treatment in pseudophakic eyes.
METHODS
14 patients with 28 pseudophakic eyes were treated with femto-PresbyLASIK. The dominant eye was targeted at a distance and the non-dominant eye at -0.5 D. The presbyopic algorithm creates a steepness in the cornea center by using an excimer laser that leads to corneal multifocality.
RESULTS
6 months after surgery a refraction of -0.11 ± 0.13 D ( = 0.001), an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 0.05 ± 1.0 logMAR ( < 0.001) and an uncorrected near visual acuity of 0.15 ± 0.89 logMAR ( = 0.001) were achieved in the dominant eye. For the non-dominant eye, the refraction was -0.28 ± 0.22 D ( = 0.002), the uncorrected distance of visual acuity was 0.1 ± 1.49 logMAR, and the uncorrected near visual acuity was 0.11 ± 0.80 logMAR ( < 0.001). Spherical aberrations (Z400) were reduced by 0.21-0.3 µm in 32% of eyes, and by 0.31-0.4 µm in 26% of eyes.
CONCLUSION
By steepening the central cornea while maintaining spherical aberrations within acceptable limits, PresbyLASIK created a corneal multifocality that safely improved near vision in both eyes. Thus, femto-PresbyLASIK can be used to treat presbyopia in pseudophakic eyes without performing intraocular surgery.
PubMed: 34070242
DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112282 -
Journal of Refractive Surgery... Jun 2021Presbyopia is an age-related condition that affects approximately 1.8 billion people worldwide. Strategies to correct presbyopia include both nonsurgical and surgical...
Presbyopia is an age-related condition that affects approximately 1.8 billion people worldwide. Strategies to correct presbyopia include both nonsurgical and surgical approaches. Although eye care providers assume that multifocal spectacles and monovision have lower risks than surgical interventions, there is evidence to suggest that the use of these nonsurgical approaches in the older population increases the risk for trips and falls. Each year, fall-related injuries and deaths are reported in a substantial portion of the population, both globally and in the United States. Previous studies have shown a link between visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, stereoacuity, and visual field impairments and falls. More recent mechanistic and epidemiological studies have shown that multifocal spectacles and monovision can increase the risk for falls as well. Although evidence on the financial burden of falls related to multifocal spectacles or monovision is limited, total direct medical costs related to falls associated with multifocal spectacles are estimated to be approximately $11 billion annually in the United States. Therefore, it is important that eye care providers consider the risk for falls associated with multifocal spectacles and monovision when making decisions on the best strategy for correcting presbyopia in older adults. .
Topics: Aged; Contrast Sensitivity; Eyeglasses; Humans; Presbyopia; Vision, Monocular; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 34170766
DOI: 10.3928/1081597X-20210408-02 -
Archivos de La Sociedad Espanola de... Feb 2021Presbyopia is the progressive and irreversible loss of accommodation due to aging. It is one of the main causes of loss of quality of life in people from 45 years of... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Presbyopia is the progressive and irreversible loss of accommodation due to aging. It is one of the main causes of loss of quality of life in people from 45 years of age, due to the, often novel, dependence on spectacles. The eagerness to correct it by ophthalmologists impulsed by the desire of millions of people who suffer from it, has become one of the main drivers for the development of intraocular lens (IOL) technology over the last twenty years.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This review briefly presents the different alternatives that have allowed us to improve the crystalline lens surgical approach of presbyopia; from monofocal lenses and monovision technique, accommodative, refractive, and diffractive multifocal lenses, and finally the most recent extended depth of focus/field lenses known as EDOFs.
RESULTS
Each IOL has its advantages, limitations and disadvantages. Furthermore, there is no single lens that suits the needs of all patients.
CONCLUSIONS
It is necessary to know the variety of lenses available, and to have an in-depth understanding of their optical properties, as well as the impact that these will have later on their clinical performance and on the visual quality of the patients. This should help us to select the best alternative for each of them.
PubMed: 32868085
DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2020.07.012 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jun 2022To determine the pattern of refractive error among commercial drivers in north India.
PURPOSE
To determine the pattern of refractive error among commercial drivers in north India.
METHODS
Descriptive study with convenient sampling conducted among commercial drivers of north India.
RESULTS
A total of 213 (75.8%) heavy-vehicle and 68 (24.2%) light-vehicle drivers were screened for eye diseases. Refractive error for distance was reported in 44 (15.7%; 95% CI: 11.6-20.4) drivers. Hyperopia was reported in 23 (8.2%; 95% CI: 5.2-12) drivers, followed by myopia in 15 (5.3%; 95% CI: 3-8.6) drivers and astigmatism in six (2.1%; 95% CI: 0.7-4.5) drivers. Presbyopia was reported in 157 (55.8%) drivers. Dry eye was reported in 70 (24.9%), stereo deficiency in 77 (27.4%), and color vision deficiency in 11 (3.9%) drivers. Three drivers were diagnosed with cataract, and two were referred for retina evaluation.
CONCLUSION
Hyperopia in both eyes was the most common refractive error. Dry eye disease and color vision deficiency were also reported. Most of the drivers were not using spectacles for refractive error correction. Due to their mobile nature, drivers with cataract and retina diseases did not turn up for follow-up.
Topics: Cataract; Color Vision Defects; Humans; Hyperopia; Prevalence; Refractive Errors
PubMed: 35647994
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2510_21