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Journal of the American College of... Sep 2019A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines Endorsed by the American Association of...
2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines.
A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines Endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, the American Geriatrics Society, the American Society of Preventive Cardiology, and the Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association
Topics: Advisory Committees; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Primary Prevention
PubMed: 30894319
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.03.009 -
Journal of the American College of... Sep 2019
2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines.
Topics: Advisory Committees; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Primary Prevention
PubMed: 30894318
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.03.010 -
Journal of Medical Screening Jun 2022
Topics: Humans; Mass Screening; Primary Prevention
PubMed: 34894856
DOI: 10.1177/09691413211065931 -
BMC Medicine Apr 2022Higher dietary fibre intakes are associated with a reduced risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), and increasing intake has been shown to reduce blood pressure... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Higher dietary fibre intakes are associated with a reduced risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), and increasing intake has been shown to reduce blood pressure and other cardiometabolic risk factors. The extent to which dietary fibre can further reduce risk for those with CVD and treated with cardioprotective drugs has not been clearly established. We have examined the evidence for dietary fibre as adjunct therapy in those with CVD or hypertension.
METHODS
Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and CENTRAL were searched to June 2021. Prospective observational studies reporting on fibre intakes and mortality in those with pre-existing CVD and controlled trials of increasing fibre intakes on cardiometabolic risk factors in those with CVD or hypertension were eligible. Outcomes were mortality (studies) and cardiometabolic risk factors (trials). Data synthesis was with random effects and dose response. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE.
RESULTS
Three prospective studies including 7469 adults with CVD, and 12 trials of 878 adults with CVD or hypertension were identified. Moderate certainty evidence indicates reduced all-cause mortality (relative risk, RR0.75 (95% confidence interval, CI 0.58-0.97)) when comparing higher with lower fibre intakes. Low certainty evidence from trials of adults with cardiovascular disease indicates increasing fibre intakes reduced total (mean difference, MD - 0.42 mmol/L (95%CI - 0.78 to - 0.05) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (MD - 0.47mmol/L (95%CI - 0.85 to - 0.10)). High certainty evidence from trials of adults with hypertension indicates increasing fibre intakes reduces systolic (MD 4.3 mmHg (95% CI 2.2 to 5.8)) and diastolic blood pressure (MD 3.1 mmHg (95% CI 1.7 to 4.4)). Moderate and low certainty evidence indicated improvements in fasting blood glucose (MD 0.48 mmol/L (- 0.91 to - 0.05)) and LDL cholesterol (MD 0.29 mmol/L (95% CI 0.17 to 0.40)). Benefits were observed irrespective of cardioprotective drug use.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings emphasise the likely benefits of promoting greater dietary fibre intakes for patients with CVD and hypertension. Further trials and cohort analyses in this area would increase confidence in these results.
Topics: Adult; Cardiovascular Diseases; Dietary Fiber; Humans; Hypertension; Observational Studies as Topic; Primary Prevention; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 35449060
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02328-x -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Sep 2022
Topics: Humans; Primary Health Care; Primary Prevention
PubMed: 36162831
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.o2324 -
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) Nov 2019
Topics: Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Network Meta-Analysis; Primary Prevention
PubMed: 31306502
DOI: 10.1002/hep.30855 -
The Israel Medical Association Journal... Jan 2020In this review, the authors re-examine the role of aspirin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. They discuss the history of the use of aspirin in primary... (Review)
Review
In this review, the authors re-examine the role of aspirin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. They discuss the history of the use of aspirin in primary prevention, the current guidelines, and the recent evidence surrounding aspirin use as primary prevention in special populations such as those with moderate cardiovascular risk, diabetes mellitus, and the elderly.
Topics: Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Fibrinolytic Agents; Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Primary Prevention
PubMed: 31927808
DOI: No ID Found -
Medicine Oct 2021Intra-hospital falls have become an important public health problem globally. The use of movement sensors with alarms has been studied as elements with predictive... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Intra-hospital falls have become an important public health problem globally. The use of movement sensors with alarms has been studied as elements with predictive capacity for falls at hospital level. However, in spite of their use in some hospitals throughout the world, evidence is lacking about their effectiveness in reducing intra-hospital falls. Therefore, this study aims to develop a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing scientific literature exploring the impact of using sensors for fall prevention in hospitalized adults and the elderly population.
METHODS
We explored literature based on clinical trials in Spanish, English, and Portuguese, assessing the impact of devices used for hospital fall prevention in adult and elderly populations. The search included databases such as IEEE Xplore, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Science Direct databases. The critical appraisal was performed independently by two researchers. Methodological quality was assessed based on the ratings of individual biases. We performed the sum of the results, generating an estimation of the grouped effect (Relative Risk, 95% CI) for the outcome first fall for each patient. We assessed heterogeneity and publication bias. The study followed PRISMA guidelines.
RESULTS
Results were assessed in three randomized controlled clinical trials, including 29,691 patients. A total of 351 (3%) patients fell among 11,769 patients assigned to the intervention group, compared with 426 (2.4%) patients who fell among 17,922 patients assigned to the control group (general estimation RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.04, 1.37, P = .02, I2 = 0%; Moderate GRADE).
CONCLUSION
Our results show an increase of 19% in falls among elderly patients who are users of sensors located in their bed, bed-chair, or chair among their hospitalizations. Other types of sensors such as wearable sensors can be explored as coadjutants for fall prevention care in hospitals.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Case-Control Studies; Data Management; Female; Hospital Design and Construction; Hospitalization; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Primary Prevention; Protective Devices; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 34731123
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027467 -
Diabetic Medicine : a Journal of the... Jul 2022
Topics: Humans; Primary Prevention
PubMed: 35704333
DOI: 10.1111/dme.14896 -
ESC Heart Failure Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Death, Sudden, Cardiac; Primary Prevention
PubMed: 36002953
DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14113