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Cureus Jan 2024We present a case of viral meningoencephalitis in a 40-year-old male with ischemic heart disease, a combination that is rare and presents unique diagnostic and...
We present a case of viral meningoencephalitis in a 40-year-old male with ischemic heart disease, a combination that is rare and presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The patient's symptoms included high-grade fever, severe headache, projectile vomiting, and altered consciousness. The diagnosis was supported by MRI and CSF analysis. Management, complicated by the patient's cardiac condition, required a personalized approach, including antiviral therapy, corticosteroids, and vigilant monitoring of cardiac and neurological status. Treatment adjustments were made in response to the patient's evolving condition, leading to improvement within a week. This case underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach in such complex scenarios, highlighting the significance of tailored care for patients with neurological symptoms and concurrent cardiac comorbidities. The report contributes to the literature on managing meningoencephalitis in patients with significant cardiac histories, underscoring personalized medicine's role in successful outcomes.
PubMed: 38389596
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52763 -
BMJ Case Reports Feb 2020We report a retroviral positive patient who presented to us with recurrent skin lesions along with intermittent, colicky periumbilical abdominal pain associated with...
We report a retroviral positive patient who presented to us with recurrent skin lesions along with intermittent, colicky periumbilical abdominal pain associated with non-projectile, postprandial vomiting. Contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) of abdomen and pelvis was suggestive of proximal jejunal obstruction. Double balloon enteroscopy done which showed extensive deep ulceration with surrounding nodular surface and friable mucosa at 60 cm from pylorus with luminal narrowing. The biopsy from this region as well as the skin lesion on the forehead grew She was initially treated with liposomal amphotericin B for 2 weeks following which she received itraconazole for 3 weeks for disseminated talaromycosis infection. She had already been started on antiretroviral therapy (ART) 1 year back however her cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) counts did not show any improvement. Proximal bowel obstruction leading to poor nutritional status compounded with ineffective ART therapy due to suboptimal absorption, dictated the staged management of her condition. Feeding jejunostomy was done with a plan to offer her resection and anastomosis of affected jejunal segment, should she require one, after optimising her nutritional and immunological status.
Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Adult; Amphotericin B; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Antifungal Agents; Enteral Nutrition; Female; HIV Infections; HIV Seropositivity; Humans; Intestinal Obstruction; Itraconazole; Jejunostomy; Mycoses; Nutritional Status
PubMed: 32060105
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-230121 -
BMC Pediatrics Apr 2024Thyroglossal Duct Cyst (TDC) is a common lesion of the midline neck, originating from an incomplete involution of the thyroglossal duct. It is typically observed in...
BACKGROUND
Thyroglossal Duct Cyst (TDC) is a common lesion of the midline neck, originating from an incomplete involution of the thyroglossal duct. It is typically observed in pre-scholar patients and surgery is the treatment of choice to prevent infections. Here reported a case of incidental diagnosis in a newborn patient.
CASE PRESENTATION
a 3-week-old male baby was admitted to our hospital for weight loss and projectile vomits after breastfeeding. After a diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, the baby underwent pyloromyotomy. During the endotracheal tube placement, the anesthetist noticed the presence of a midline neck mass. The suspect of TDC was confirmed by an intraoperative ultrasound, so, despite the age of the patient, we proceeded with the excision of the lesion according to Sistrunk's procedure to avoid future complications and anesthesia.
CONCLUSIONS
even if TDC is a common lesion of pediatric patients, anecdotical neonatal cases were described in the literature, all of them symptomatic. An accurate physical examination and ultrasound are essential diagnostic tools to distinguish TDC from other middle neck lesions, particularly ectopic thyroidal tissue. Sistrunk's procedure is the most effective surgical approach. When diagnosis is made in a newborn, we suggest postponing surgery, unless the baby requires general anesthesia for other surgical procedures, such as in our case.
Topics: Humans; Thyroglossal Cyst; Male; Incidental Findings; Intubation, Intratracheal; Infant, Newborn; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 38654283
DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04742-x -
Lupus Jun 2024Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a diagnosis of exclusion characterized by features of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in the absence of brain...
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a diagnosis of exclusion characterized by features of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in the absence of brain parenchymal lesion, vascular malformations, hydrocephalus, or central nervous system (CNS) infection. Commonly used other terms for this entity include benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) or pseudotumor cerebri. Few case reports of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presenting as IIH are available in the literature. We report a 12-year-old girl presented with chronic holocranial headache and occasional episodes of projectile vomiting for the last 6 months and then developed blurring of vision for the last month. She fulfilled the criteria for IIH. Subsequent evaluation revealed a diagnosis of SLE. The occurrence of IIH in SLE is not coincidental and is reported in 1%-5.4% of patients with SLE. Though corticosteroids have not been widely used in IIH, underlying SLE warranted administering corticosteroids with subsequent complete resolution of IIH. Pediatricians, neurologists, intensivists, and ophthalmologists should consider SLE as a differential diagnosis in children presenting with IIH.
Topics: Humans; Female; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Child; Pseudotumor Cerebri; Diagnosis, Differential; Headache; Intracranial Hypertension
PubMed: 38607271
DOI: 10.1177/09612033241247358 -
Case Reports in Pediatrics 2020Congenital duodenal web causing proximal duodenal obstruction leading to gastroduodenal emphysema is a very rare presentation in infancy. Due to persistent...
Congenital duodenal web causing proximal duodenal obstruction leading to gastroduodenal emphysema is a very rare presentation in infancy. Due to persistent peristalsis against the duodenal membrane, there is progressive stretching of the duodenal web leading to windsock deformity. We describe a rare case of a child with gastroduodenal emphysema and portal venous air due to duodenal obstruction secondary to a duodenal web. An eighteen-month-old male child, who was under investigation for failure to thrive, presented with a history of persistent projectile vomiting and progressive abdominal distension for two days. The abdominal ultrasound scan revealed air within the portal vein and in the wall of the stomach. Plain X-ray abdomen confirmed the presence of gas in the gastric wall and in the proximal duodenal wall. Upper gastrointestinal contrast study revealed complete obstruction at the second part of the duodenum. The child underwent emergency laparotomy, which revealed a duodenal web as the cause of the duodenal obstruction. During the surgery, windsock deformity was noted. This case illustrates that although rare, proximal duodenal obstruction due to duodenal web may present in early childhood and that alarming imaging features such as gastric emphysema and portal venous air could be associated with benign conditions.
PubMed: 32015925
DOI: 10.1155/2020/9897208