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The Journal of Urology Sep 2022
Topics: Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 35830561
DOI: 10.1097/JU.0000000000002854 -
European Urology Dec 2019Utility measures are urgently needed for clinical application of new, more sensitive diagnostics to reduce the risk of excessive intervention.
Utility measures are urgently needed for clinical application of new, more sensitive diagnostics to reduce the risk of excessive intervention.
Topics: Humans; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 31300238
DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2019.06.031 -
BJU International Jul 2019
Topics: Humans; Male; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Prostatic Neoplasms; United Kingdom
PubMed: 31206999
DOI: 10.1111/bju.14815 -
The Urologic Clinics of North America Feb 2024Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing prostate cancer genomics research. By leveraging machine learning and deep learning algorithms, researchers can rapidly... (Review)
Review
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing prostate cancer genomics research. By leveraging machine learning and deep learning algorithms, researchers can rapidly analyze vast genomic datasets to identify patterns and correlations that may be missed by traditional methods. These AI-driven insights can lead to the discovery of novel biomarkers, enhance the accuracy of diagnosis, and predict disease progression and treatment response. As such, AI is becoming an indispensable tool in the pursuit of personalized medicine for prostate cancer.
Topics: Male; Humans; Artificial Intelligence; Algorithms; Genomics; Machine Learning; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 37945100
DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2023.06.006 -
European Urology Oncology Jun 2020Intermediate-risk prostate cancer consists of a highly heterogeneous group of patients. Owing to this heterogeneity and variable prognoses, it is challenging to provide... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Intermediate-risk prostate cancer consists of a highly heterogeneous group of patients. Owing to this heterogeneity and variable prognoses, it is challenging to provide uniform treatment recommendations for men in this group.
OBJECTIVE
To review the current literature regarding the best available evidence for stratification and treatment of intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
We searched Medline and EMBASE, through September 2019 without year or language restriction, supplemented with hand search.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
Different treatment options with good long-term oncological outcomes are available for intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients. Best available evidence with long follow-up exists for radical prostatectomy and dose-escalated radiotherapy with short-term androgen deprivation. In favorable intermediate-risk patients, active surveillance and brachy-monotherapy also represent two valid treatment options. In carefully selected men, partial gland ablation represents a reasonable option. Patient preferences and comorbidities should also be considered.
CONCLUSIONS
Treatment options for intermediate-risk patients range from active surveillance to partial gland ablation, radical prostatectomy, and various radiotherapy methods. The best stratification and the optimal treatment remain controversial. Classification systems, such as the National Cancer Comprehensive Network guidelines, stratify this large cohort into subgroups with favorable or unfavorable disease, which may simplify treatment recommendations but still leave substantial variability within strata. Advanced imaging may further improve current stratification systems of intermediate-risk patients.
PATIENT SUMMARY
In this review, we assessed the current literature regarding the best available evidence for stratification and treatment of intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients.
Topics: Humans; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 32303478
DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2020.03.002 -
Current Urology Reports Sep 2019There is an abundance of evidence that the human microbiome plays an important and nuanced role in controlling human metabolism, immunity, and cancer. Herein we aim to... (Review)
Review
There is an abundance of evidence that the human microbiome plays an important and nuanced role in controlling human metabolism, immunity, and cancer. Herein we aim to review the most current research looking at prostate cancer and its link with the gut and genitourinary microbiome. There is now a host of evidence for a unique genitourinary (GU) microbiome. The prostate microbiota, to include viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic contributions, as assessed from formalin-fixed tissue is described nicely in the study by Banerjee et al. Further hierarchical analysis by this group found a unique microbiome signature for higher Gleason score cancers and validation PCR studies noted a marked number of viral genomic insertions into host DNA. Shretha et al. also recently established unique GU microbiomes in patients with prostate cancer or benign prostate pathology based on urine samples. The gut microbiome likely also has an indirect but significant role in prostate cancer development and treatment. Liss et al. and Golombos et al. found significant associations between specific gut microbiota and prostate cancer. Interestingly, the balance of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory bacterial lipopolysaccharides, production of bile salts, and metabolism of dietary fiber to short chain fatty acids all likely play important roles in creating systemic pro- or anti-carcinogenic states. In terms of prostate cancer treatment effects, Sfanos et al. noted a unique microbial signature in patients undergoing oral androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) as compared with prostate cancer patients not on ADT. Patients undergoing ADT also had enrichment of bacterial metabolic pathways promoting androgen synthesis. Together, these studies have identified a unique GU microbiome and linked both the GU microbiome and unique gut microbial signatures with prostate cancer and prostate cancer treatments. Whether this information can be used in cancer prevention, treatment, or diagnosis are areas of ongoing and active research.
Topics: Animals; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Male; Mice; Microbiota; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Urine; Urogenital System
PubMed: 31493090
DOI: 10.1007/s11934-019-0922-4 -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2024Prostate cancer (PCa) represents the second most diagnosed tumor and the fifth most common cause of cancer death in men globally [...].
Prostate cancer (PCa) represents the second most diagnosed tumor and the fifth most common cause of cancer death in men globally [...].
Topics: Humans; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 38396731
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042054 -
Progres En Urologie : Journal de... Mar 2020
Topics: Humans; Male; Prostatectomy; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 32682495
DOI: 10.1016/S1166-7087(20)30193-7 -
Cancer Aug 2021
Topics: COVID-19; Cancer Survivors; Delivery of Health Care; Humans; Male; Pandemics; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 33882148
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33588 -
International Journal of Radiation... Nov 2022Prostate cancer ranges from localized, low risk to metastatic, morbid disease. Although radiation therapy (RT) is commonly incorporated in the treatment of early disease... (Review)
Review
Prostate cancer ranges from localized, low risk to metastatic, morbid disease. Although radiation therapy (RT) is commonly incorporated in the treatment of early disease or for palliation of symptomatic lesions, its role in extending survival in metastatic disease is less well-established. Here, we review the available evidence surrounding localized RT in the presence of oligometastatic disease and metastasis-directed therapy in both hormone-sensitive and hormone-resistant prostate cancer. We further outline potential future incorporation of RT as an immune-sensitizing therapy and the importance of highly sensitive imaging modalities in considering RT in metastatic disease.
Topics: Hormones; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radiosurgery
PubMed: 35878715
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.014