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Disease-a-month : DM May 2021
Topics: Cataract; Cataract Extraction; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Eye; Humans
PubMed: 33485606
DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2021.101134 -
Eye (London, England) Jan 2022To determine the patient-related factors that contribute to intraoperative corticocapsular adhesions (CCA) during phacoemulsification cataract extraction (PCE).
OBJECTIVES
To determine the patient-related factors that contribute to intraoperative corticocapsular adhesions (CCA) during phacoemulsification cataract extraction (PCE).
METHODS
Prospective, single surgeon, multi-year study of consecutive patients undergoing PCE was performed. At the conclusion of each procedure, the surgeon recorded the CCA and perceived surgeon stress score. Patient variables included gender, age, diabetes mellitus, intake of oral alpha blockers, floppy iris, laterality, pseudo-exfoliation, and intraocular lens power.
RESULTS
During the 10-year study, 1097 eyes underwent surgery and CCA was diagnosed intraoperatively in 41 eyes. On multi-variable analysis, the following patient characteristics were associated with intraoperative CCA: diabetes mellitus (p = 0.002), age >80 years (p = 0.002), presence of posterior capsular cataract (p = 0.046), severe nuclear sclerosis (p = 0.004), and absence of pseudo-exfoliation (p = 0.043).
CONCLUSION
Diabetes mellitus, advanced age and posterior subcapsular cataract are associated with CCA necessitating generous repetitive hydrodissection.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Cataract; Humans; Intraoperative Complications; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Phacoemulsification; Prospective Studies; Tissue Adhesions
PubMed: 33674725
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01482-5 -
Molecular Biology Reports May 2021In the process of exploring new methods for cataract treatment, lens regeneration is an ideal strategy for effectively restoring accommodative vision and avoiding... (Review)
Review
In the process of exploring new methods for cataract treatment, lens regeneration is an ideal strategy for effectively restoring accommodative vision and avoiding postoperative complications and has great clinical potential. Lens regeneration, which is not a simple repetition of lens development, depends on the complex regulatory network comprising the FGF, BMP/TGF-β, Notch, and Wnt signaling pathways. Current research mainly focuses on in situ and in vitro lens regeneration. On the one hand, the possibility of the autologous stem cell in situ regeneration of functional lenses has been confirmed; on the other hand, both embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells have been induced into lentoid bodies in vitro which are similar to the natural lens to a certain extent. This article will briefly summarize the regulatory mechanisms of lens development, describe the recent progress of lens regeneration, explore the key molecular signaling pathways, and, more importantly, discuss the prospects and challenges of their clinical applications to provide reference for clinical transformations.
Topics: Animals; Cataract; Cell Differentiation; Embryonic Stem Cells; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Lens, Crystalline; Regeneration; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Wnt Signaling Pathway
PubMed: 34143397
DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06489-5 -
Journal Francais D'ophtalmologie Dec 2021
Topics: Cataract; Genes, Dominant; Humans
PubMed: 34535309
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2021.04.013 -
International Journal of Radiation... 2022This review discusses recent developments in our understanding of biological and physiological mechanisms underlying radiation cataractogenesis. The areas discussed... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
This review discusses recent developments in our understanding of biological and physiological mechanisms underlying radiation cataractogenesis. The areas discussed include effects of low-dose exposures to the lens including potential relevance of non-targeted effects, the development of new personal-protective equipment (PPE) and standards in clinical and nuclear settings motivated by the updated ICRP recommendations to mitigate exposures to the lens of the eye. The review also looks at evidence from the field linking cataracts in birds and mammals to low dose exposures.
CONCLUSIONS
The review suggests that there is evidence that cataractogenesis is not a tissue reaction (deterministic effect) but rather is a low dose effect which shows a saturable dose response relationship similar to that seen for non-targeted effects in general. The review concludes that new research is needed to determine the dose response relationship in environmental studies where field data are contradictory and lab studies confined to rodent models for human exposure studies.
Topics: Animals; Cataract; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Industrial Development; Lens, Crystalline; Mammals; Radiation Dosage; Radiation, Ionizing
PubMed: 32396040
DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1767820 -
Journal of Perioperative Practice Dec 2022A cataract in the eye is a major cause of vision loss in diabetic patients, which occurs earlier and develops faster than non-diabetic patients, and often requires... (Review)
Review
A cataract in the eye is a major cause of vision loss in diabetic patients, which occurs earlier and develops faster than non-diabetic patients, and often requires surgery for treatment. However, diabetic patients undergoing cataract surgery have a higher risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications than non-diabetic patients. For diabetic patients undergoing any surgery, careful perioperative assessment and management are required to reduce postoperative complications and improve surgical outcomes. Better understanding of their needs may guide perioperative practitioners to manage their care appropriately. This article presents recent evidence and guidance associated with the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative management of diabetic patients undergoing cataract surgery and to inform perioperative practitioners of the challenges and potential complications to provide the best care and improve sight.
Topics: Humans; Cataract Extraction; Cataract; Diabetes Mellitus; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 35445624
DOI: 10.1177/17504589221091063 -
Die Ophthalmologie Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Cataract; Cataract Extraction; Infant, Newborn; Female
PubMed: 38396077
DOI: 10.1007/s00347-024-02001-z -
Indian Journal of Pharmacology 2020
Topics: Cataract; Chlorpromazine; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Schizophrenia
PubMed: 33078739
DOI: 10.4103/ijp.IJP_691_20 -
Vestnik Oftalmologii 2022This article reviews scientific literature analyzing the history of ultrasound and laser phaco surgery of combined or isolated designs: erbium YAG laser, 1.064 μm... (Review)
Review
This article reviews scientific literature analyzing the history of ultrasound and laser phaco surgery of combined or isolated designs: erbium YAG laser, 1.064 μm Nd:YAG laser for dissection of the lens capsule and nucleus, exclusively-laser technique of lens destruction with 1.44 µm Nd:YAG laser without manual, vacuum or ultrasonic action, femtosecond laser assistance with automated transcorneal delivery of radiation into the eye cavity.
Topics: Cataract; Cataract Extraction; Humans; Laser Therapy; Lasers, Solid-State; Lens Capsule, Crystalline; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Phacoemulsification
PubMed: 35801886
DOI: 10.17116/oftalma202213803188 -
Nutrients Oct 2023Cataract, defined as the opacification of the lens that prevents clear vision, is a leading cause of vision loss and impairment worldwide. Elderly people comprise the... (Review)
Review
Cataract, defined as the opacification of the lens that prevents clear vision, is a leading cause of vision loss and impairment worldwide. Elderly people comprise the highest proportion of those suffering from this eye disease. According to the National Institute of Health (NIH), the risk of developing aged-related cataract (ARC) increases with every decade of life, starting from the age of 40. Despite progress in surgical treatment methods, life-style modifications may be beneficial in prevention or slowing down the progression of ARC. This systematic review aims to summarize studies on the significance of specific nutritional patterns, dietary products, vitamins, minerals, and carotenoids intake in the onset or progression of ARC. In this context, the presented paper thoroughly analyzes 24 articles, following the PRISMA guidelines. The results indicate significant protective effects of various dietary patterns, including the Korean balanced diet, vegetarian diet, "dairy products and vegetables", "traditional", "antioxidant", and "omega-3" patterns. Additionally, the consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, skimmed yoghurt, fish, coffee, and vitamins has shown positive effects on cataract incidence. Therefore, further research seems to be essential to gain a better understanding of these associations and to create uniform dietary recommendations for both the vulnerable population and ARC patients.
Topics: Aged; Animals; Humans; Vitamins; Diet; Cataract; Antioxidants; Vitamin A; Vegetables; Vitamin K
PubMed: 37960238
DOI: 10.3390/nu15214585