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Clinica Chimica Acta; International... Jul 2023Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is treated by 5α-reductase inhibitors (5ARI) such as finasteride and dutasteride, which are widely used as therapeutic agents. However,...
BACKGROUND
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is treated by 5α-reductase inhibitors (5ARI) such as finasteride and dutasteride, which are widely used as therapeutic agents. However, their pharmacokinetics in target organs (scalp and hair follicles) have not yet been investigated.
PURPOSE
To confirm the effective action of finasteride and dutasteride in the hair follicle tissues, we developed a method to measure these concentrations in hair.
RESULTS
Compared to the non-detection (N.D.) group, the dihydrotestosterone (DHT) concentrations decreased significantly in both the finasteride and dutasteride groups. The dutasteride group showed significantly lower DHT concentrations among all groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Measurement of finasteride, dutasteride, and DHT concentrations in hair would aid in evaluating the drug pharmacokinetics and its therapeutic effects on AGA patients.
Topics: Humans; Finasteride; Dutasteride; Dihydrotestosterone; Alopecia; Hair
PubMed: 37385468
DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117456 -
Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... Feb 2023For patients diagnosed with breast cancer, alopecia can be a distressing side effect of treatment. Major surgeries, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and endocrine therapy may... (Review)
Review
For patients diagnosed with breast cancer, alopecia can be a distressing side effect of treatment. Major surgeries, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and endocrine therapy may result in several different types of alopecia. This article reviews the underlying mechanisms, etiology, prevention strategies, and treatment options for chemotherapy-induced alopecia, telogen effluvium, and endocrine-induced alopecia. Here, we aim to provide breast oncologists with a review of the types of hair loss related to cancer therapy and current preventative and treatment options to facilitate informative patient counseling.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Alopecia; Alopecia Areata
PubMed: 36826602
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07634-5 -
Cutis Apr 2022
Topics: Alopecia; Cicatrix; Dermatitis; Hair; Humans
PubMed: 35659847
DOI: 10.12788/cutis.0490 -
The Journal of Family Practice Apr 2022THE PRESENTATION A Early central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia with a small central patch of hair loss in a 45-year-old Black woman. B Late central centrifugal...
THE PRESENTATION A Early central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia with a small central patch of hair loss in a 45-year-old Black woman. B Late central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia with a large central patch of hair loss in a 43-year-old Black woman.
Topics: Adult; Black or African American; Alopecia; Black People; Cicatrix; Female; Humans; Middle Aged
PubMed: 35561242
DOI: 10.12788/jfp.0388 -
Stem Cells and Development Jan 2024The health of hair is directly related to people's health and appearance. Hair has key physiological functions, including skin protection and temperature regulation.... (Review)
Review
The health of hair is directly related to people's health and appearance. Hair has key physiological functions, including skin protection and temperature regulation. Hair follicle (HF) is a vital mini-organ that directly impacts hair growth. Besides, various signaling pathways and molecules regulate the growth cycle transition of HFs. Hair and its regeneration studies have attracted much interest in recent years with the increasing rate of alopecia. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as pluripotent stem cells, can differentiate into fat, bone, and cartilage and stimulate regeneration and immunological regulation. MSCs have been widely employed to treat various clinical diseases, such as bone and cartilage injury, nerve injury, and lung injury. Besides, MSCs can be used for treatment of hair diseases due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory abilities. This review aimed to assess MSCs' treatment for alopecia, pertinent signaling pathways, and new material for hair regeneration in the last 5 years.
Topics: Humans; Hair; Hair Follicle; Alopecia; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 37847179
DOI: 10.1089/scd.2023.0156 -
Lasers in Medical Science Dec 2023Procedural management, including fractionated laser therapy, has been increasingly investigated for the management of androgenetic alopecia (AGA). However, no... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Procedural management, including fractionated laser therapy, has been increasingly investigated for the management of androgenetic alopecia (AGA). However, no comprehensive resources exist detailing the efficacy of fractionated laser therapies used for the treatment of AGA. A systematic review investigating fractionated laser use for AGA was performed, separated into each distinct fractionated laser modality. A meta-analysis was performed to examine improvement in hair counts and hair shaft diameter. Fourteen studies were included for systematic review, which identified the use of erbium-glass, thulium, erbium-ytrrium:aluminum garnet (YAG), and carbon dioxide (CO) fractionated laser for the treatment of AGA. In the meta-analysis, fractionated laser combination therapy showed significant improvement in hair shaft diameter (2.51, 95% CI 2.37-2.65, I = 90.54). Fractionated laser monotherapy alone significantly improved hair shaft diameter (2.28 95% CI 2.03-2.52, I = 91.20%). This effect was durable on subgroup analysis for both erbium-glass (2.36 95% CI 2.01-2.71, I = 92.05%) and thulium (1.61 95% CI 1.08-2.15, I = < 0.00%). There was no improvement in hair shaft count for any laser modality. Erbium-glass laser is an effective modality as either monotherapy or combination with topical/injectable therapies to improve hair shaft diameter in AGA.
Topics: Humans; Erbium; Thulium; Alopecia; Hair; Laser Therapy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38087122
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03946-4 -
JCI Insight Dec 2023Hair loss is a debilitating condition associated with the depletion of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), which can be replenished by dermal sheath cells (DSCs). Hence,...
Hair loss is a debilitating condition associated with the depletion of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), which can be replenished by dermal sheath cells (DSCs). Hence, strategies aimed at increasing the populations of DPCs and DSCs hold promise for the treatment of hair loss. In this study, we demonstrated in mice that introduced exogenous DPCs and DSCs (hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells) could effectively migrate and integrate into the dermal papilla and dermal sheath niches, leading to enhanced hair growth and prolonged anagen phases. However, the homing rates of DPCs and DSCs were influenced by various factors, including recipient mouse depilation, cell passage number, cell dose, and immune rejection. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, we also discovered that the CXCL13/CXCR5 pathway mediated the homing of DPCs and DSCs into hair follicle niches. This study underscores the potential of cell-based therapies for hair loss by targeted delivery of DPCs and DSCs to their respective niches and sheds light on the intriguing concept that isolated mesenchymal stem cells can home back to their original niche microenvironment.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Hair Follicle; Cells, Cultured; Alopecia; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Mesenchymal Stem Cells
PubMed: 37917167
DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.173549 -
Cutis Dec 2023Telogen effluvium (TE) is a common clinical consequence of medication-related alopecia. The inciting cause of TE may be difficult to identify due to delays in clinically... (Review)
Review
Telogen effluvium (TE) is a common clinical consequence of medication-related alopecia. The inciting cause of TE may be difficult to identify due to delays in clinically apparent hair loss. Because medication-induced TE is a nonscarring alopecia that typically is reversible, appropriate management requires identification of the underlying triggering medication and cessation of it, if possible. In part 1 of this series, we review the existing literature on medication-induced TE with a focus on systemic retinoids, antifungal agents, and psychotropic medications.
Topics: Humans; Alopecia Areata; Alopecia
PubMed: 38290075
DOI: 10.12788/cutis.0910 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2022The effects of chemical straighteners on the scalp and hair shaft are not fully known, although such substances are widely used. Hair straightening became popular in... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The effects of chemical straighteners on the scalp and hair shaft are not fully known, although such substances are widely used. Hair straightening became popular in Brazil with the use of formaldehyde and its derivatives, despite the prohibition by the current legislation.
OBJECTIVE
To identify changes in hair shaft and scalp caused by the use of chemical straighteners.
METHODS
A search was performed using keywords in three databases from 03/16/2020 to 05/20/2020, with publications between the years 2000 to 2020. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 33 articles were selected for review.
RESULTS
In some studies, hair relaxers were associated with eczema, desquamation, pain, burns, and inflammation in the scalp. Hair loss, damage to the shaft, alteration in the color of the hairs and in the composition of their amino acids were observed. Findings are variable across the studies.
STUDY LIMITATIONS
The search was restricted to three databases, in two languages, different study designs were accepted.
CONCLUSIONS
Straightening techniques can have side effects, including scalp inflammation, damage to the shaft, and hair loss. Its long-term effects remain unknown and further studies are necessary.
Topics: Alopecia; Brazil; Eczema; Hair; Humans; Scalp
PubMed: 35058079
DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.02.010 -
Current Opinion in Pediatrics Aug 2021The current review will address the different causes of localized hair loss in infancy. The data presented here will provide clinicians with the latest understanding of... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The current review will address the different causes of localized hair loss in infancy. The data presented here will provide clinicians with the latest understanding of different disorders leading to localized hair loss and will provide recommendations for further management of infants who present with alopecia.
RECENT FINDINGS
Localized hair loss in infancy is common, but its underlying causes vary greatly. Alopecia in infants can be categorized into congenital, genetic, inflammatory, mechanical, and physiologic causes. Decisions regarding further management are complex, as they often involve not only cosmetic concerns, but also work-up of possible systemic medical issues related to hair loss.
SUMMARY
Clinicians must be able to distinguish between the different causes of infantile hair loss so that appropriate work-up and further management can be pursued. Factors such as physical appearance, timing of presentation, dermoscopic exam, histopathology, and associated systemic features can help lead clinicians to the correct diagnosis in the case of an infant with localized alopecia.
Topics: Alopecia; Humans; Infant
PubMed: 34016809
DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001025