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The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care... Jan 2023This address challenges the trauma community and each trauma center to develop a dedicated outpatient center for trauma survivors, delivering patient-centered,...
This address challenges the trauma community and each trauma center to develop a dedicated outpatient center for trauma survivors, delivering patient-centered, high-quality physical and behavioral health care as well as social support for patients and caregivers.
Topics: Humans; Survivorship; Survivors; Caregivers; Social Support; Neoplasms; Quality of Life
PubMed: 36203243
DOI: 10.1097/TA.0000000000003806 -
Journal of Research on Adolescence :... Dec 2023Of the estimated 35.3 million refugees around the world (UNHCR, Figures at a Glance, 2022), approximately 50% are children under the age of 18. Refugee adolescents... (Review)
Review
Of the estimated 35.3 million refugees around the world (UNHCR, Figures at a Glance, 2022), approximately 50% are children under the age of 18. Refugee adolescents represent a unique group as they navigate developmental tasks in an unstable and often threatening environment or in resettlement contexts in which they often face marginalization. In addition to physiological, social, and psychological changes that mark adolescence, refugee youth often face traumatic experiences, acculturative stress, discrimination, and a lack of basic resources. In this consensus statement, we examine research on refugee adolescents' developmental tasks, acculturative tasks, and psychological adjustment using Suárez-Orozco and colleague's integrative risk and resilience model for immigrant-origin children and youth proposed by Suárez-Orozco et al. Finally, we discuss recommendations-moving from proximal to more distal contexts.
Topics: Child; Humans; Adolescent; Refugees; Emotional Adjustment; Emigrants and Immigrants; Acculturation; Adolescent Development
PubMed: 37807940
DOI: 10.1111/jora.12890 -
Cancer Oct 2022
Topics: Humans; Survivorship
PubMed: 35972229
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34412 -
Health Psychology : Official Journal of... May 2021To examine effects of stress on caregiver psychological adjustment during the first year of pediatric cancer.
OBJECTIVE
To examine effects of stress on caregiver psychological adjustment during the first year of pediatric cancer.
METHOD
Caregivers (N = 159) of children with cancer completed monthly questionnaires assessing domains of caregiver psychological adjustment (depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms) and stress (general life stress, treatment-related stress, caregiver perceptions of treatment intensity and life threat). Effects of stress were assessed at two levels to examine whether within-person changes in stress predicted concurrent changes in caregiver adjustment and whether average stress was associated with between-person differences in caregiver adjustment trajectories.
RESULTS
Overall, higher levels of stress factors were associated with poorer caregiver adjustment at both the between- and within-person levels, with high average levels of treatment-related stress and general life stress emerging as leading predictors of worse adjustment.
CONCLUSIONS
Both types of stressors, those directly related as well as unrelated to a child's cancer, contribute uniquely to caregiver distress. Caregiver distress is impacted by both overall levels of stress over time as well as month-to-month changes in stress. Implications for informing care for at-risk caregivers are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Caregivers; Child; Child, Preschool; Emotional Adjustment; Female; Humans; Male; Neoplasms; Parents; Stress, Psychological; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34152783
DOI: 10.1037/hea0001070 -
The Cleft Palate-craniofacial Journal :... Apr 2023To date, limited research has been carried out into the psychological impact of having a diagnosis of Apert syndrome (AS) and the life experiences of families living...
To date, limited research has been carried out into the psychological impact of having a diagnosis of Apert syndrome (AS) and the life experiences of families living with this condition. The aim of the current study was to explore psychological adjustment to AS from the perspectives of young people, and their parents, with the broader goal of informing care, and support for this population. Four young people (2 male) aged 11 to 15 years and their mothers were interviewed in their homes using a semistructured interview guide and photo-elicitation methods. Transcripts were analyzed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Three superordinate themes were identified from the data: (1) Acceptance and Adjustment: A Cyclical Journey; (2) A Barrier to Adjustment: Navigating Treatment; and (3) Facilitating Adjustment: Social Support. Families described adjustment as a cyclical process, which was sensitive to change, particularly in the context of ongoing medical treatment. Families also utilized many resources, particularly in the form of social support, to adjust to the challenges of AS and build resilience. The findings of this study have important implications for the implementation of patient-centered care within designated craniofacial treatment centers, which should at a minimum include the provision of reliable information throughout the treatment pathway, additional support from health professionals at key times of transition, and the coordination of support across medical teams, and other key organizations in the child's life.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Male; Adolescent; Emotional Adjustment; Acrocephalosyndactylia; Parents; Social Support; Mothers
PubMed: 34967688
DOI: 10.1177/10556656211069817 -
BMC Public Health Jan 2023Health-related behaviors may change after retirement and induce changes in the mental health. This systematic review aimed to investigate the nature of changes in...
BACKGROUND
Health-related behaviors may change after retirement and induce changes in the mental health. This systematic review aimed to investigate the nature of changes in physical activity and leisure activities, as well as the relationship between physical activity, leisure, and psychological adjustment among retirees.
METHODS
Search of papers was done in three electronic databases of PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus without constraints on time, geographical regions, or languages in February 2022. The papers that had examined the relationship between physical activity and adjustment among retirees using observational design (cross-sectional or longitudinal) were included in the present study. To evaluate the methodological quality of cross-sectional studies, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist, and for longitudinal studies, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) were used.
RESULTS
The search results identified 1458 records. Twenty-six papers were included in this review based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings of most of these studies indicated a significant positive correlation between physical activity, leisure, and psychological adjustment in retirees. Retirees were mostly engaged in passive leisure activities such as reading, watching TV and movies, and less engaged in physical activities, sport, or physical exercise. General organized assessment of the total physical activity among retirees was not possible.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the study findings, it can be stated that there is a positive correlation between physical activity, leisure, and the retirees' adjustment. Usage of the same and valid measurement method specific to old age and retirement period can be useful in more precise assessment of physical activity and its association with adjustment among retirees.
Topics: Humans; Emotional Adjustment; Cross-Sectional Studies; Exercise; Leisure Activities; Health Behavior; Retirement
PubMed: 36709282
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15080-5 -
Pain Research & Management 2022Research has pointed to two profiles of persons with fibromyalgia according to differences in functionality, thus distinguishing between functional and dysfunctional...
OBJECTIVES
Research has pointed to two profiles of persons with fibromyalgia according to differences in functionality, thus distinguishing between functional and dysfunctional patients. The role of psychological factors underlying such clusters is unclear. This study aims to explore the contribution of pain beliefs and coping on fibromyalgia clustering.
METHODS
A cluster analysis was performed to classify 238 women with fibromyalgia using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory as clustering variables. Cluster differences in physical functioning, depression, pain beliefs, coping, and age were then calculated (Student's -test). Finally, a binary logistic regression was conducted to study the unique contribution of age, beliefs, and coping on cluster classification.
RESULTS
Two clusters were revealed. Cluster 1 had a poor adaptation to fibromyalgia regarding physical functioning and depression. They generally embraced less adaptive beliefs (i.e., disability, harm, emotion, and requests) and coping strategies (i.e., guarding, resting, and asking for assistance). Cluster 2 showed a better adaptation to fibromyalgia and adopted more favorable beliefs (i.e., control) and coping strategies (i.e., exercise and task persistence). Cluster differences in age were significant but small. The backward binary logistic regression suggested a final model with six predictors (guarding, task persistence, harm, emotion, solicitude, and age) that explained 31% of the variance of group membership. . These results suggest that only a subset of psychological variables uniquely and independently contribute to functional/dysfunctional group membership. The results support the need to address psychological components in the management of fibromyalgia and point to a subset of preferred target beliefs and coping strategies.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Emotional Adjustment; Female; Fibromyalgia; Humans; Male; Pain; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 35463626
DOI: 10.1155/2022/1066192 -
Journal of Cancer Survivorship :... Oct 2021
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Research; Survivors; Survivorship
PubMed: 34460055
DOI: 10.1007/s11764-021-01102-x -
The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine Nov 2021Following a spinal cord injury or disability (SCI/D), cognitive appraisals are a marker of psychological adjustment. The present study evaluated the clinical utility...
Following a spinal cord injury or disability (SCI/D), cognitive appraisals are a marker of psychological adjustment. The present study evaluated the clinical utility and discriminant validity of the Appraisals of DisAbility Primary and Secondary Scale - Short Form (ADAPSS-sf). The ADAPSS-sf was evaluated on 1. identification of individuals experiencing poor psychological adjustment and 2. prediction of life satisfaction beyond measures of emotional distress. A retrospective study was completed using ROC analyses and odds ratios to identify the clinical utility of the ADAPSS-sf. In addition, blocked hierarchical regression explored the ADAPSS-sf predictive characteristics for satisfaction with life beyond measures of emotional distress. Veteran's Health Administration SCI Center. Ninety outpatient veterans with SCI/Ds. Measures of psychological adjustment post-SCI/D included the PHQ-9, GAD-7, PC-PTSD, and the Diener Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The ADAPSS-sf was used as a measure of cognitive appraisals. Results indicated the ADAPSS-sf is effective in identification of poor psychological adjustment, P < .001. Diagnostic odds ratios and ADAPSS-sf cut scores were selected to prioritize sensitivity (7.17, ≤ 11), specificity (68.25, ≥ 22), or a balance of the two (16.32, ≤ 19). Hierarchical regression indicated the ADAPSS-sf accounted for unique variance in life satisfaction beyond measures of emotional distress, (Δ = .20, = -.66, (89) = 6.54, P < .001). Results indicated SCI/D specific appraisals are predictive of concurrent poor psychological adjustment and provide insight into satisfaction with life beyond measures of emotional distress.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Emotional Adjustment; Humans; Quality of Life; Retrospective Studies; Spinal Cord Injuries; Veterans
PubMed: 32406809
DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2020.1754650 -
BMC Oral Health Nov 2022Patients with ocular loss tend to have physical and psychosocial difficulties. Maxillofacial prosthetic specialists involved in the treatment should be trained with...
BACKGROUND
Patients with ocular loss tend to have physical and psychosocial difficulties. Maxillofacial prosthetic specialists involved in the treatment should be trained with competence to manage psychological complications. However, due to the multifactorial origin of the psychosocial distress, designing such training activities can be challenging. This research aimed to construct a conceptual framework illustrating the effects of ocular loss on patients' physical and psychosocial well-being and their coping strategies, to propose the learning content of training sessions.
METHODS
A semi-structured interview and a topic guide were employed to explore the perceptions from patients who were receiving their first custom ocular prosthesis, fabricated by maxillofacial prosthodontists. The participants were selected using a purposeful sampling up until data saturation. The data were analyzed using framework analysis.
RESULTS
Twelve patients participated in this research. Four main themes emerged from the data analysis: (1) Impact of ocular loss, (2) Factors influencing psychosocial distress, (3) Psychological adjustment, and (4) Expected treatment outcomes. Each theme appeared to have influence on the other, rather than presenting itself independently. Although patients with ocular loss experienced both physical and psychosocial difficulties, psychological distress was greatly influenced by self-perceived disfigurement, etiology, and social status. Therefore, they needed to develop their coping strategies including rehabilitation with ocular prosthesis.
CONCLUSION
Various forms of psychological adjustments were necessary in these patients with ocular loss to resume their daily lives. The specialist involved in the treatment should also partake in patients' psychological adjustment and should be competent in psychological management skills, such as supporting patients to meet their expectations.
Topics: Humans; Adaptation, Psychological; Culture; Dentists; Emotional Adjustment; Learning; Psychological Distress
PubMed: 36424616
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02597-1