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Journal of Physical Activity & Health Jul 2022The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus dramatically changed daily life and created many obstacles for adolescents to engage in physical activity (PA). This study tracked...
The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus dramatically changed daily life and created many obstacles for adolescents to engage in physical activity (PA). This study tracked rates of self-reported PA and examined its impact on adjustment among adolescents during the first 14 months of the pandemic. Canadian adolescents (N = 1068, 14-18 y, meanage = 16.95 y) reported on their frequency of PA, context of activity, and adjustment across 4 time points (April 2020 to June 2021). In line with our hypothesis, higher average levels of vigorous PA across the pandemic predicted less anxiety and depression and higher self-esteem at our study's end. Vigorous PA also buffered the relationships COVID-19 stress had with anxiety and self-esteem. The results further support recommendations for PA throughout the pandemic and while dealing with lockdown situations.
Topics: Adolescent; COVID-19; Canada; Communicable Disease Control; Depression; Emotional Adjustment; Exercise; Humans; Pandemics
PubMed: 35894979
DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0018 -
Pain Research & Management 2022Research has pointed to two profiles of persons with fibromyalgia according to differences in functionality, thus distinguishing between functional and dysfunctional...
OBJECTIVES
Research has pointed to two profiles of persons with fibromyalgia according to differences in functionality, thus distinguishing between functional and dysfunctional patients. The role of psychological factors underlying such clusters is unclear. This study aims to explore the contribution of pain beliefs and coping on fibromyalgia clustering.
METHODS
A cluster analysis was performed to classify 238 women with fibromyalgia using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory as clustering variables. Cluster differences in physical functioning, depression, pain beliefs, coping, and age were then calculated (Student's -test). Finally, a binary logistic regression was conducted to study the unique contribution of age, beliefs, and coping on cluster classification.
RESULTS
Two clusters were revealed. Cluster 1 had a poor adaptation to fibromyalgia regarding physical functioning and depression. They generally embraced less adaptive beliefs (i.e., disability, harm, emotion, and requests) and coping strategies (i.e., guarding, resting, and asking for assistance). Cluster 2 showed a better adaptation to fibromyalgia and adopted more favorable beliefs (i.e., control) and coping strategies (i.e., exercise and task persistence). Cluster differences in age were significant but small. The backward binary logistic regression suggested a final model with six predictors (guarding, task persistence, harm, emotion, solicitude, and age) that explained 31% of the variance of group membership. . These results suggest that only a subset of psychological variables uniquely and independently contribute to functional/dysfunctional group membership. The results support the need to address psychological components in the management of fibromyalgia and point to a subset of preferred target beliefs and coping strategies.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Emotional Adjustment; Female; Fibromyalgia; Humans; Male; Pain; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 35463626
DOI: 10.1155/2022/1066192 -
Scandinavian Journal of Psychology Dec 2023While the relationships between self-control, hope, and psychological adjustment have been examined in cross-sectional studies, the fact that these variables have not...
While the relationships between self-control, hope, and psychological adjustment have been examined in cross-sectional studies, the fact that these variables have not been considered together in any longitudinal research creates a gap in the literature. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the longitudinal relationships between self-control, hope, and psychological adjustment. Specifically, a cross-lagged panel study in two waves was conducted to examine whether hope mediated the association between self-control and psychological adjustment using a Turkish college sample (N = 349). The results revealed that hope had a significant mediation effect in the longitudinal association between self-control and psychological adjustment. In this direction, self-control indirectly predicts psychological adjustment through hope. This longitudinal study reveals that having self-control may have a positive influence on a person's level of hope and that hope may be a significant predictor of individual psychological adjustment.
Topics: Humans; Emotional Adjustment; Longitudinal Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Adaptation, Psychological; Self-Control; Hope
PubMed: 37243344
DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12927 -
BMC Oral Health Nov 2022Patients with ocular loss tend to have physical and psychosocial difficulties. Maxillofacial prosthetic specialists involved in the treatment should be trained with...
BACKGROUND
Patients with ocular loss tend to have physical and psychosocial difficulties. Maxillofacial prosthetic specialists involved in the treatment should be trained with competence to manage psychological complications. However, due to the multifactorial origin of the psychosocial distress, designing such training activities can be challenging. This research aimed to construct a conceptual framework illustrating the effects of ocular loss on patients' physical and psychosocial well-being and their coping strategies, to propose the learning content of training sessions.
METHODS
A semi-structured interview and a topic guide were employed to explore the perceptions from patients who were receiving their first custom ocular prosthesis, fabricated by maxillofacial prosthodontists. The participants were selected using a purposeful sampling up until data saturation. The data were analyzed using framework analysis.
RESULTS
Twelve patients participated in this research. Four main themes emerged from the data analysis: (1) Impact of ocular loss, (2) Factors influencing psychosocial distress, (3) Psychological adjustment, and (4) Expected treatment outcomes. Each theme appeared to have influence on the other, rather than presenting itself independently. Although patients with ocular loss experienced both physical and psychosocial difficulties, psychological distress was greatly influenced by self-perceived disfigurement, etiology, and social status. Therefore, they needed to develop their coping strategies including rehabilitation with ocular prosthesis.
CONCLUSION
Various forms of psychological adjustments were necessary in these patients with ocular loss to resume their daily lives. The specialist involved in the treatment should also partake in patients' psychological adjustment and should be competent in psychological management skills, such as supporting patients to meet their expectations.
Topics: Humans; Adaptation, Psychological; Culture; Dentists; Emotional Adjustment; Learning; Psychological Distress
PubMed: 36424616
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02597-1 -
Psychiatria Danubina Nov 2020The diagnosis and treatment of cancer represents an experience that is potentially psychologically traumatizing for patients. However, cancer can contribute to the... (Review)
Review
The diagnosis and treatment of cancer represents an experience that is potentially psychologically traumatizing for patients. However, cancer can contribute to the experience of positive psychological changes, namely posttraumatic growth. We conducted a review of empirical studies (n=44) on posttraumatic growth in cancer patients. We focused on the relations of posttraumatic growth to socio-demographic, medical, and psychological adjustment correlates. Results from forty-four reviewed articles indicated that age, gender, and ethnicity were consistently associated with posttraumatic growth in cancer. Regarding illness-related factors, the majority of relationships were positive and were found between subjective severity of cancer, chemotherapy, and experienced growth. The review revealed inconsistent relationships between indicators of psychological adjustment (emotional distress, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and quality of life) and perceived positive changes in the case of the cancer patients. Longitudinal studies might resolve this inconsistency by showing that posttraumatic growth has benefits for later psychological adjustment, as other studies have already documented.
Topics: Emotional Adjustment; Humans; Neoplasms; Posttraumatic Growth, Psychological; Quality of Life
PubMed: 33212443
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Public Health 2022Public health emergencies are inevitable major development crises, and there are almost no omens of any emergency. The current social development would inevitably affect...
Public health emergencies are inevitable major development crises, and there are almost no omens of any emergency. The current social development would inevitably affect the psychological situation of civil servants. Grass roots civil servants have a wider range of tasks, more difficult working conditions and a more difficult environment. Under the strong social pressure, civil servants would also have negative factors such as fear and negative attitude. The mental health of grass-roots civil servants depends not only on the image and efficiency of the government, but also on creating a harmonious atmosphere and the quality of economic development. Therefore, people must pay attention to the psychological health of civil servants. It is mainly through psychological intervention and psychological adjustment to improve mental health. By analyzing the psychological characteristics of civil servants under emergencies and under pressure, and according to the importance of their coping ability under emergencies, this paper conducted corresponding psychological adjustment and psychological intervention to ensure the psychological health of civil servants, improve their ability to deal with public emergencies, and enable them to use correct and positive psychology to deal with public emergencies. It can be seen from the firefly algorithm that the prediction error value of the comprehensive quality of civil servants was declining, while the evaluation effect of the comprehensive quality was rising. The average value of the prediction error value of the comprehensive quality was about 0.49, and the average value of the evaluation effect of the comprehensive quality was about 0.73. In the whole process, the prediction error value of comprehensive quality decreased by 0.37, and the evaluation effect of comprehensive quality increased by 0.33. The comprehensive psychological quality and psychological adjustment ability of civil servants after psychological intervention were better than those before psychological intervention. The comprehensive psychological quality of civil servants after psychological intervention was 8.56% higher than that before psychological intervention, and the psychological adjustment ability was 8.47% higher than that before psychological intervention.
Topics: Humans; Emotional Adjustment; Emergencies
PubMed: 36743172
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1114518 -
Psicothema Nov 2021Little is known about the effect adoption status has on psychological adjustment (for instance, depression, anxiety, problem behaviour, or drug misuse) in adulthood. The... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Little is known about the effect adoption status has on psychological adjustment (for instance, depression, anxiety, problem behaviour, or drug misuse) in adulthood. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to study the impact of adoption status on adult adoptees' psychological adjustment.
METHOD
The review included 18 quasi-experimental studies conducted between 1993 and 2019.
RESULTS
Adoptees had significantly worse psychological adjustment than non-adoptees across all outcomes, except for the obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and antisocial personality disorder (APD). The moderating analyses showed a significant effect for ethnicity and marital status.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results shed light on the specific groups of adoptees at a higher risk of maladjustment. The outcomes most strongly influenced by adoptive status were angry emotions (hostility and anger), psychiatric care, drug abuse, and psychotic symptoms. These findings have clinical implications with regard to the support that practitioners can provide to adoptees and their families.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adoption; Adult; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Anxiety Disorders; Emotional Adjustment; Humans
PubMed: 34668466
DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2021.98 -
Patient Education and Counseling Sep 2023This study examined the degree to which breast cancer patients' psychological well-being is facilitated through empathic provider communication. We explored...
OBJECTIVES
This study examined the degree to which breast cancer patients' psychological well-being is facilitated through empathic provider communication. We explored symptom/prognostic uncertainty reduction as a mechanism through which provider communication influences patient psychological adjustment. Additionally, we tested if treatment status moderates this relationship.
METHODS
Informed by uncertainty in illness theory, current (n = 121) and former (n = 187) breast cancer patients completed questionnaires about perceptions of their oncologists' empathy and their symptom burden, uncertainty, and adjustment to their diagnosis. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to test hypothesized relationships between perceived provider empathic communication, uncertainty, symptom burden, and psychological adjustment.
RESULTS
SEM supported the following: (1) higher symptom burden was associated with increased uncertainty and reduced psychological adjustment, (2) lower uncertainty was associated with increased adjustment, and (3) increased empathic communication was associated with lower symptom burden and uncertainty for all patients (χ(139) = 307.33, p < .001; RMSEA = .063 (CI .053, .072); CFI = .966; SRMR = .057). Treatment status moderated these relationships (Δχ = 264.07, Δdf = 138, p < .001) such that the strength of the relationship between uncertainty and psychological adjustment was stronger for former patients than for current patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Results of this study reinforce the importance of perceptions of provider empathic communication as well as the potential benefits of eliciting and addressing patient uncertainty about treatment and prognosis throughout the cancer care continuum.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Patient uncertainty should be a priority for cancer-care providers both throughout and post-treatment for breast cancer patients.
Topics: Humans; Female; Empathy; Breast Neoplasms; Uncertainty; Emotional Adjustment; Communication
PubMed: 37244129
DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2023.107791 -
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2020Dispositional personality characteristics may play a role in psychosocial adjustment to any disease, including cancer.
UNLABELLED
Dispositional personality characteristics may play a role in psychosocial adjustment to any disease, including cancer.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to identify personality profiles in breast cancer patients and to determine whether these profiles are associated with psychological adjustment or psychopathology.
METHODS
Participants were 109 women (mean age, 52.01) diagnosed with breast cancer. They completed the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III), the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Positive and Negative Affect Scales.
RESULTS
The analysis revealed two different personality profiles: (a) one group, comprising 38.23% of the sample, was characterized by paranoid, negativistic, and dependent personality traits and was considered as a "vulnerable group"; and (b) another group (61.77%) was characterized by compulsive, histrionic, and narcissistic personality traits and was considered as a "psychologically adjusted group". The vulnerable group scored higher than the psychologically adjusted group on all clinical syndromes, with scores above 60 on the anxiety, somatoform, dysthymic, and bipolar scales (score on anxiety being above 75); in contrast, the psychologically adjusted group did not reach a base rate score of 60 on any of the clinical syndromes, showing no manifestations of psychopathology. Additionally, the vulnerable group scored lower than the psychologically adjusted group on optimism, life satisfaction, and positive affect, but higher on negative affect.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that personality traits could affect the psychological adjustment of breast cancer survivors. We discuss the implications of belonging to each group and highlight the importance of early identification of vulnerable women in order to facilitate clinical and psychological support.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anxiety; Breast Neoplasms; Emotional Adjustment; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Personality; Personality Assessment; Personality Disorders; Personality Inventory
PubMed: 33348619
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249452 -
The Journal of Medical Investigation :... 2023The purpose of study was to clarify the psychological adjustment and related factors in lung cancer patients with recurrence/metastasis after curative surgery. Forty-one...
The purpose of study was to clarify the psychological adjustment and related factors in lung cancer patients with recurrence/metastasis after curative surgery. Forty-one with lung cancer who were informed of a recurrence/metastasis after curative surgery completed a questionnaire comprised of the Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale (MAC), Psychological Adjustment scale for Cancer Survivors (PACS), and information pertaining to demographic variables. When healthcare providers intervene in patients with lung cancer that has recurred/metastasized after curative surgery, it is necessary to assess patients' psychological adjustment based on demographic information, such as age, sex, marital status, and employment status, and to provide effective support promptly. Factors associated with psychological adjustment with recurrent/metastatic lung cancer after curative surgery were 1) female, 2) having a job, 3) over 65 years of age, 4) having a spouse, and 5) advanced-stage cancer. There was no difference in psychological adjustment between treatment and the period from cancer incidence to recurrence/metastatic. J. Med. Invest. 70 : 200-207, February, 2023.
Topics: Humans; Female; Child, Preschool; Emotional Adjustment; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Lung Neoplasms
PubMed: 37164721
DOI: 10.2152/jmi.70.200