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Colonised minds and community psychology in the academy: Collaborative autoethnographic reflections.American Journal of Community Psychology Jun 2022We reflect on decolonization and in particular the process of decolonizing our own minds. We discuss the need for radical decolonization of psychology and for critique...
We reflect on decolonization and in particular the process of decolonizing our own minds. We discuss the need for radical decolonization of psychology and for critique of community psychology's relationship to both psychology and the Academy, noting ways in which community psychology itself becomes appropriated for the colonizing project of the Academy. Using collaborative autoethnography (CAE), a method that involves "collaborative poetics," which chimes with the emphasis on participatory research in community psychology and the decolonialist emphasis on rescuing repressed epistemologies, we review our own careers and identify ways in which our values have been compromised and our work assimilated into wider colonizing and oppressive practices that sustain the modern university. We conclude that community psychology can only decolonize if it is positioned in an agonistic relationship to mainstream psychology and exists as a radical, explicitly political, and ethical practice outside the Academy. The message of the decolonization and disalienation movements is that the biggest barrier to our effectiveness, and to social justice, is the fascism of our minds. Succumbing to the power and privilege embedded in the Academy and the oppressive and colonizing practices that sustain it conflicts with community psychology's purported values.
Topics: Academies and Institutes; Humans; Psychology; Social Justice
PubMed: 35129851
DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12574 -
Health Psychology : Official Journal of... Apr 2021The Editors are pleased to announce that has adopted the Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Guidelines (Center for Open Science, 2021). We and the other core...
The Editors are pleased to announce that has adopted the Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Guidelines (Center for Open Science, 2021). We and the other core American Psychological Association (APA) journals are implementing these guidelines at the direction of the APA Publications and Communications Board. Their decision was made with the support of the APA Council of Editors and the APA Open Science and Methodology Committee. The TOP Guidelines were originally published in (Nosek et al. 2015) to encourage journals to incentivize open research practices. They are being implemented by a wide range of scientific publications, including some of the leading behavioral and medical research journals. The TOP guidelines for are outlined in our recently revised Instructions to Authors. We are implementing most of the standards at TOP Level 1, which means that adherence is . We are implementing other standards at Level 2, which means that authors are to adhere to them and required to disclose whether and how they have done so. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Behavioral Medicine; Humans; Psychology
PubMed: 33856829
DOI: 10.1037/hea0001074 -
Psychological Methods Apr 2024Cross-lagged models are by far the most commonly used method to test the prospective effect of one construct on another, yet there are no guidelines for interpreting the...
Cross-lagged models are by far the most commonly used method to test the prospective effect of one construct on another, yet there are no guidelines for interpreting the size of cross-lagged effects. This research aims to establish empirical benchmarks for cross-lagged effects, focusing on the cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) and the random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM). We drew a quasirepresentative sample of studies published in four subfields of psychology (i.e., developmental, social-personality, clinical, and industrial-organizational). The dataset included 1,028 effect sizes for the CLPM and 302 effect sizes for the RI-CLPM, based on data from 174 samples. For the CLPM, the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles of the distribution corresponded to cross-lagged effect sizes of .03, .07, and .12, respectively. For the RI-CLPM, the corresponding values were .02, .05, and .11. Effect sizes did not differ significantly between the CLPM and RI-CLPM. Moreover, effect sizes did not differ significantly across subfields and were not moderated by design characteristics. However, effect sizes were moderated by the concurrent correlation between the constructs and the stability of the predictor. Based on the findings, we propose to use .03 (small effect), .07 (medium effect), and .12 (large effect) as benchmark values when interpreting the size of cross-lagged effects, for both the CLPM and RI-CLPM. In addition to aiding in the interpretation of results, the present findings will help researchers plan studies by providing information needed to conduct power analyses and estimate minimally required sample sizes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Humans; Psychology; Models, Statistical; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Research Design; Benchmarking
PubMed: 35737548
DOI: 10.1037/met0000499 -
Biological Psychology Jul 2024Fifty years ago, in a trenchant analysis that challenged applied lie detection theory and science, David Lykken (1974) brought polygraphic interrogation methods to the... (Review)
Review
Fifty years ago, in a trenchant analysis that challenged applied lie detection theory and science, David Lykken (1974) brought polygraphic interrogation methods to the attention of academia with the hope that these techniques would come under the purview of psychology and psychophysiology. In this perspective, I examine how this application of psychophysiology has evolved over the last half century and how its status has changed for 1) the comparison (control) question test (CQT), used in forensic applications; 2) polygraph screening tests, used to evaluate examinee integrity; and 3) the concealed information technique (CIT), used to assess recognition memory of crime details. The criticisms of the CQT and screening tests advanced by Lykken have been amplified and focused by the academic community over the last half century. However, this has had little effect on how these methods are practiced and has not curtailed their use. Although most private sector employee screening tests are now prohibited, personnel screening of government employees has increased, and screening tests of sex offenders are now commonplace. Even though the CIT has captured the interest of psychophysiologists as a scientifically defensible technique, its field use is negligible. A primary purpose of polygraphic interrogations continues to be the extraction of admissions and confessions. The lack of change in the polygraph testing status quo stems in large part from unwavering government support for the use of these methods. As a result, polygraph theory and research support continues to rest on shaky ground while practice continues unfettered by valid criticism.
Topics: Humans; Lie Detection; History, 20th Century; Deception; History, 21st Century; Psychology; Forensic Psychology
PubMed: 38718884
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108808 -
Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik,... Aug 2021
Topics: COVID-19; Emergency Medical Services; Humans; Pandemics; Psychology, Medical; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34380164
DOI: 10.1055/a-1532-0251 -
Cognition Aug 2021Jacques Mehler and I started Cognition, to break the grip of empiricist associationist behaviorism and stultifying style requirements on scientific discourse, and to...
Jacques Mehler and I started Cognition, to break the grip of empiricist associationist behaviorism and stultifying style requirements on scientific discourse, and to liberate Cognitive Psychology's contributions to social issues. The journal provided opportunities for upcoming generations to expand Cognitive Psychology, publishing new concepts unhindered by established topics and standard formats. As the journal matured, Jacques kept. it fresh for 4 decades, seeking young scientists, novel ideas, and elegant writing, as it midwifed the emergence from Reductionist Behaviorism through Cognitive Psychology to rationalist Cognitive Science. The journal now has opportunities to nurture further progress in the future of Cognitive Science. I speculate that the field will keep associationist processes but integrate them with a new kind of non-reductionist theory that eschews detailed predictions, and which which interprets the brain as an enactor of thought, but not its structural cause. Ideally it will provide a set of constraints on the action of brain and mind that subsume and explain behavioral regularities, the role of frequency, how the brain externalizes those constraints and how the externalization processes emerge developmentally as a function of innate factors, structures unique to the mind and brain, experience and natural law.
Topics: Behaviorism; Brain; Cognition; Cognitive Science; Humans; Writing
PubMed: 34148649
DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104761 -
Beneficial Microbes Dec 2022There is growing interest in the field of psychobiotics, which are probiotics that confer a mental health benefit when ingested. As this field grows, it should pay... (Review)
Review
There is growing interest in the field of psychobiotics, which are probiotics that confer a mental health benefit when ingested. As this field grows, it should pay particular attention to three areas within psychobiotics research that are currently under-studied - sex (and gender) representation, fungi and the mycobiome, and vagus nerve activity. Giving these three domains more attention is currently feasible without significant increased investment of time or money. We discuss these three domains briefly, why they are of particular relevance for psychobiotics research, and how psychobiotics research can easily integrate their perspectives. Our recommendations are summarised in the conclusion, but include equal sex representation at all phases of research (human and animal studies), investigating the relationship between psychobiotics and commensal fungi, and measuring the activity of the vagus nerve in psychobiotics studies.
Topics: Humans; Probiotics; Animals; Psychology; Mycobiome; Vagus Nerve; Biomedical Research; Fungi; Sex Characteristics
PubMed: 36377580
DOI: 10.3920/BM2022.0051 -
Journal of Community Psychology Jul 2021A review of the Journal's nearly five decades of publications revealed an early commentary entitled "Common sense Community Psychology" (Thorne, 1974) reflecting on... (Review)
Review
A review of the Journal's nearly five decades of publications revealed an early commentary entitled "Common sense Community Psychology" (Thorne, 1974) reflecting on early decisions about the discipline's professional identity and interactions with targeted communities of color and need stimulated this commentary. Considered are ways we distinguished ourselves from our parent, clinical psychology, and its focus on emotional and behavioral disorder treated through psychotherapeutic interventions. Thorne's examination of alternative pathways that the discipline could have followed are considered relative to current challenges confronting communities of color and need.
Topics: Emotions; Humans; Psychology
PubMed: 33411360
DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22504 -
The American Psychologist Nov 2021Psychology's role in public life and social issues has been of longstanding concern throughout the discipline. In a historical moment of tremendous social, political,...
Psychology's role in public life and social issues has been of longstanding concern throughout the discipline. In a historical moment of tremendous social, political, and economic strife and a global pandemic, this special issue of American Psychologist seeks to extend important discourse about the concept of public psychology. The articles included in the special issue address a range of interconnected themes, including: (a) centering social problems, (b) engaging diverse publics in knowledge creation, (c) communicating and democratizing psychological knowledge, and (d) rethinking what constitutes psychology. In this introduction, the guest editors contextualize the special issue, identify its aims, and highlight the key contributions of the included articles. The guest editors argue that realizing an expansive and transformative public psychology will require structural, substantive changes within the discipline to place community concerns at the center of psychology. Nonetheless, bolstered by the insights of the special issue's contributors, the guest editors conclude with cautious optimism that psychology has much to offer in addressing the most pressing social problems of the 21st century. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Knowledge; Pandemics; Psychology; Social Problems; United States
PubMed: 35113588
DOI: 10.1037/amp0000933 -
Psychiatria Danubina Feb 2021This qualitative, phenomenological study describes the perceptions and experiences of psychologists from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey regarding an Eye Movement...
This qualitative, phenomenological study describes the perceptions and experiences of psychologists from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey regarding an Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) psychotherapy. In order to understand how psychologists perceive this treatment method, 20 psychologists from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey were recruited through an online survey. The participants were asked to describe their perception and experience of EMDR. Qualitative analysis of the responses revealed five common themes, which described the phenomenon. These themes included: positive personal or anecdotal experiences with EMDR, perception that EMDR is primarily used for trauma, EMDR is used as an adjunct therapy, obstacles to EMDR training/certification, and limited knowledge and information about EMDR among psychologists and the general population. Findings from this study may provide a foundation for future research that may help in better understanding of psychologist perception and experience with the EMDR approach and especially about differences and similarities between psychologists in different countries such as Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey. Besides this, it can also help to gain an understanding of the variables involved in psychologists choosing to pursue training in different treatment modalities.
Topics: Bosnia and Herzegovina; Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing; Humans; Psychology; Qualitative Research; Turkey
PubMed: 33638952
DOI: No ID Found