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The International Journal of Eating... Jun 2020Mindfulness is implicated in eating disorder (ED) psychopathology. However, this literature has not been synthesized to date. The current meta-analysis examined the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Mindfulness is implicated in eating disorder (ED) psychopathology. However, this literature has not been synthesized to date. The current meta-analysis examined the associations between mindfulness and ED psychopathology.
METHODS
A total of 74 independent samples (effects = 576) were included. We used a multilevel random-effects model to estimate summary study-level effect sizes, and multilevel mixed-effects models to examine moderator effects.
RESULTS
Mindfulness was negatively associated with ED psychopathology (r = -.25, p < .001), both concurrently (r = -.25, p < .001) and prospectively (rs = -.22 to -.24, ps < .001). Associations were strongest for binge eating, emotional/external eating, and body dissatisfaction as well as the acting with awareness and nonjudging facets.
DISCUSSION
Mindfulness may be an important process in ED psychopathology. Future research should prospectively and experimentally examine the relation between mindfulness and ED psychopathology.
Topics: Adult; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Mindfulness; Psychopathology
PubMed: 32100320
DOI: 10.1002/eat.23247 -
Annual Review of Clinical Psychology May 2023Acculturation and psychopathology are linked in integrated, interactional, intersectional, and dynamic ways that span different types of intercultural contact, levels of... (Review)
Review
Acculturation and psychopathology are linked in integrated, interactional, intersectional, and dynamic ways that span different types of intercultural contact, levels of analysis, timescales, and contexts. A developmental psychopathology approach can be useful to explain why, how, and what about psychological acculturation results in later adaptation or maladaptation for acculturating youth and adults. This review applies a conceptual model of acculturation and developmental psychopathology to a widely used framework of acculturation variables producing an Integrated Process Framework of Acculturation Variables (IP-FAV). This new comprehensive framework depicts major predisposing acculturation conditions (why) as well as acculturation orientations and processes (how) that result in adaptation and maladaptation across the life span (what). The IP-FAV is unique in that it integrates both proximal and remote acculturation variables and explicates key acculturation processes to inform research, practice, and policy.
Topics: Acculturation; Mental Disorders; Psychopathology; United States; Humans; Child
PubMed: 36854286
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080921-080622 -
Zeitschrift Fur Kinder- Und... Sep 2022
Topics: Humans; Mental Disorders; Psychopathology
PubMed: 36083264
DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000893 -
Current Opinion in Psychology Feb 2022Studies using probability samples have yielded cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between relationship dissolution and psychopathology, including depressive,... (Review)
Review
Studies using probability samples have yielded cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between relationship dissolution and psychopathology, including depressive, anxiety, and substance use symptoms and disorders. The present review summarizes theory relevant to the association of relationship dissolution to psychopathology, discusses the time course over which postdissolution psychopathology may be most likely to manifest, and selectively reviews empirical findings regarding main and moderated associations between relationship dissolution and psychopathology. We conclude by acknowledging the need for continued study of the association between relationship dissolution and psychopathology, including research that rules out potential rival explanations (i.e., confounding variables) for this association and examines this association across cultures and types of intimate relationships (e.g., cohabiting relationships).
Topics: Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Psychopathology; Solubility
PubMed: 34416683
DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.07.016 -
Clinical Psychology Review Dec 2023Coherence in the science and practice of mental health assessment depends upon a tight connection between psychopathology concepts that are used and the way those... (Review)
Review
Coherence in the science and practice of mental health assessment depends upon a tight connection between psychopathology concepts that are used and the way those concepts are operationalized and defined. In contrast, the use of the same word to mean more than one thing contributes to incoherence, inefficiency, and confusion. In this paper, we review three possible meanings of the word "dimension" as it relates to the assessment of psychopathology and describe how the indiscriminate use of this word has caused confusion in the general context of the transition to a more evidence-based approach to mental health diagnosis. We attempt to disambiguate the term "dimension" by demarcating three concepts that can be distinguished based on different empirical standards: continuous variables, unidimensional dimensions, and distinct dimensions.
Topics: Humans; Psychopathology; Mental Disorders
PubMed: 37926058
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102356 -
Journal of Personality Feb 2022We asked authors of this Special Issue to answer the following four questions: (1) Is there evidence that personality and psychopathology can be integrated? (2) Is... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
We asked authors of this Special Issue to answer the following four questions: (1) Is there evidence that personality and psychopathology can be integrated? (2) Is integration important? (3) Can they be distinguished? and (4) How can the difference be measured?
METHOD
We review each of the papers and place the special issue in a historical context.
RESULTS
Authors uniformly agreed that personality and psychopathology can be integrated within a common structure and that this is important. The third and fourth questions were more challenging. Though authors generally agreed that there is a distinction between the person and their mental health problems, articulations of that distinction were fuzzy and it is clear that current methods cannot adequately delineate these domains.
CONCLUSIONS
We summarize the issue by offering five directions for future research: (1) develop measurement tools that distinguish between the person, the context, and their transaction, (2) measure behavior and context at multiple timescales, (3) distinguish behavior and dysfunction in measurement, (4) use multimethod data to tap different levels of behavior, and (5) examine person-specific processes. Each of these directions comes with challenges, but the payoff of resolving them will be a more principled, evidence-based, and clinically useful model for the distinction between personality and psychopathology.
Topics: Humans; Personality; Personality Disorders; Psychopathology
PubMed: 34480760
DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12671 -
Fortschritte Der Neurologie-Psychiatrie Nov 2020'Precision Psychiatry' as the psychiatric variant of 'Precision Medicine' aims to provide high-level diagnosis and treatment based on robust biomarkers and tailored to... (Review)
Review
'Precision Psychiatry' as the psychiatric variant of 'Precision Medicine' aims to provide high-level diagnosis and treatment based on robust biomarkers and tailored to the individual clinical, neurobiological, and genetic constitution of the patient. The specific peculiarity of psychiatry, in which disease entities are normatively defined based on clinical experience and are also significantly influenced by contemporary history, society and philosophy, has so far made the search for valid and reliable psychobiological connections difficult. Nevertheless, considerable progress has now been made in all areas of psychiatric research, made possible above all by the critical review and renewal of previous concepts of disease and psychopathology, the increased orientation towards neurobiology and genetics, and in particular the use of machine learning methods. Notably, modern machine learning methods make it possible to integrate high-dimensional and multimodal data sets and generate models which provide new psychobiological insights and offer the possibility of individualized, biomarker-driven single-subject prediction of diagnosis, therapy response and prognosis. The aim of the present review is therefore to introduce the concept of 'Precision Psychiatry' to the interested reader, to concisely present modern, machine learning methods required for this, and to clearly present the current state and future of biomarker-based 'precision psychiatry'.
Topics: Biomarkers; Humans; Mental Disorders; Neuroimaging; Psychiatry; Psychopathology
PubMed: 33307561
DOI: 10.1055/a-1300-2162 -
Soins. Psychiatrie 2024
Topics: Humans; Animals; Mental Disorders; Psychopathology
PubMed: 38719351
DOI: 10.1016/j.spsy.2024.03.003 -
Annual Review of Clinical Psychology May 2022Research on psychopathy has progressed considerably in recent years against the backdrop of important advances in the broader field of clinical psychological science. My... (Review)
Review
Research on psychopathy has progressed considerably in recent years against the backdrop of important advances in the broader field of clinical psychological science. My major aim in this review is to encourage integration of investigative work on dispositional, biobehavioral, and developmental aspects of psychopathy with counterpart work on general psychopathology. Using the triarchic model of psychopathy as a frame of reference, I offer perspective on long-standing debates pertaining to the conceptualization and assessment of psychopathy, discuss how dispositional facets of psychopathy relate to subdimensions of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, and summarize findings from contemporary biobehavioral and developmental research on psychopathy. I conclude by describing a systematic strategy for coordinating biobehavioral-developmental research on psychopathy that can enable it to be informed by, and help inform, ongoing research on mental health problems more broadly.
Topics: Antisocial Personality Disorder; Humans; Personality; Psychopathology
PubMed: 35119947
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-072720-012851 -
Sleep Medicine Jan 2021
Topics: Electroencephalography; Humans; Psychopathology; Sleep; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
PubMed: 32564918
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.05.003