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Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen... May 2024Sebaceous gland carcinomas are rare malignant cutaneous adnexal tumors with sebocytic differentiation. The typical predilection area is the head and neck region, where...
Sebaceous gland carcinomas are rare malignant cutaneous adnexal tumors with sebocytic differentiation. The typical predilection area is the head and neck region, where sebaceous gland carcinomas are the most common malignant adnexal tumors of the skin. According to their localization a distinction is made between periocular and extraocular sebaceous gland carcinomas. Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS) should always be ruled out if it is suspected. In terms of prognosis, sebaceous gland carcinomas are potentially aggressive tumors with a clear tendency to recur and metastasize. Only small extraocular sebaceous gland carcinomas that have been completely resected have a very good prognosis. Sebaceous gland carcinomas most frequently metastasize lymphogenously to regional or distant lymph nodes; organ metastasis occurs less frequently. Periocular sebaceous gland carcinomas have a higher metastasis rate (up to 15%) than extraocular sebaceous gland carcinomas (up to 2%). Complete micrographically controlled surgery (MCS) of the primary tumor is the therapy of first choice, regardless of periocular or extraocular localization. Adjuvant or therapeutic radiotherapy may be considered. There is currently no established standard therapy for advanced, inoperable, or metastatic sebaceous gland carcinomas. Local procedures and systemic therapies such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy can be considered. The procedure should be determined individually by an interdisciplinary tumor board. Close follow-up care is recommended for these potentially aggressive carcinomas.
Topics: Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Humans; Muir-Torre Syndrome; Prognosis; Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; Dermatology; Germany; Mohs Surgery; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 38679790
DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15405 -
Dermatologic Clinics Jan 2023Adnexal carcinomas and sebaceous neoplasms are rare malignant neoplasms that are derived from eccrine and apocrine sweat glands or the pilosebaceous unit. Distinction of... (Review)
Review
Adnexal carcinomas and sebaceous neoplasms are rare malignant neoplasms that are derived from eccrine and apocrine sweat glands or the pilosebaceous unit. Distinction of these neoplasms is essential, as treatment, workup, and prognosis varies widely among subtypes. For this comprehensive review, apocrine, eccrine, follicular, and sebaceous neoplasms are discussed. For each neoplasm, a review of clinical presentation, classic histologic findings, and management recommendations is provided.
Topics: Humans; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Skin Neoplasms; Adenoma; Skin
PubMed: 36410972
DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2022.07.010 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Dec 2023
Topics: Humans; Muir-Torre Syndrome; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; MutS Homolog 2 Protein
PubMed: 37172735
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.05.012 -
Skinmed 2020A 64-year-old man was referred to our dermatology clinic with a diagnosis of Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS), he had a history of multiple sebaceous carcinomas and sebaceous...
A 64-year-old man was referred to our dermatology clinic with a diagnosis of Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS), he had a history of multiple sebaceous carcinomas and sebaceous adenomas removed over the years. The patient has also had visceral cancer and had undergone a colon resection 17 years before to treat colon cancer and was recently diagnosed with invasive high-grade urothelial carcinoma of the right ureter. In addition, the patient has an extensive family history of cancer; a pedigree was constructed to document this history (Figure 1). Of note is that the patient's mother and father were second cousins. The patient's father was diagnosed with lung cancer at age 57 and died of colon cancer at the age of 72. The patient's mother died of colon cancer at age 74. The patient has three siblings: a sister and two brothers. The sister died of bone cancer at age 42. One brother had a number of cancers including colon, kidney, and skin cancers and died at age 53. His other brother is alive and has a history of colon cancer, kidney cancer, and ureteral cancer. The patient has five children. He has a 40-year-old son who, at the age of 30, was diagnosed with testicular cancer. His daughters are 47, 44, 39, and 34, with no history of malignancy to date. The patient had three maternal aunts, all of whom succumbed to colon cancer, as well as two paternal uncles who died of lung cancer. The patient's maternal grandfather was a smoker and he also died of lung cancer.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Male; Muir-Torre Syndrome; Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary; Pedigree; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 33397571
DOI: No ID Found -
Eye (London, England) Apr 2023Caruncle malignancy is rare, but signs of disease can be easily missed by both patients and clinicians. There is significant potential for significant morbidity and even... (Review)
Review
Caruncle malignancy is rare, but signs of disease can be easily missed by both patients and clinicians. There is significant potential for significant morbidity and even mortality from delayed diagnosis and treatment. Clinical features of primary malignant cancer include rapid growth, pigment deposition, ulcerated surface and bleeding. Malignant diagnoses include lymphoproliferative disease, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, sebaceous carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Increased pigmentation is associated with melanoma, yellow coloured deposition with sebaceous carcinoma and a salmon-pink hue with lymphoproliferative disease. Treatment involves excision with margin control which may necessitate exenteration. Metastases to cervical and preauricular lymph nodes has been reported.
Topics: Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; Melanoma; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 35729271
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-022-02124-0 -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2020Photodynamic therapy is a promising, minimally invasive, and clinically approved treatment strategy that destroys the cell components by oxidizing the biological... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Photodynamic therapy is a promising, minimally invasive, and clinically approved treatment strategy that destroys the cell components by oxidizing the biological molecules such as nucleic acids, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, and leads apoptosis in the cells of the target tissue through the generation of singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) owing to the synergic interactions of a nontoxic photosensitizer, a non-thermal light source, and tissue oxygen. This innovative method has drawn the attention of many scientists and been employed in a wide range of medical fields that covers the treatment of cancer diseases and precancerous dermatological disorders, and the aesthetic and cosmetic practices, including photorejuvenation and treatment of photoaging, hirsutism, facial flat warts, rosacea, acne vulgaris, and sebaceous gland hyperplasia. It was therefore intended to provide an in vitro photodynamic therapy assay protocol on human healthy keratinocytes and epidermoid carcinomas to investigate comparatively the therapeutic and destructive activities of the potent light-sensitive medications.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Humans; Keratinocytes; Models, Biological; Photochemotherapy; Reactive Oxygen Species; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 31392587
DOI: 10.1007/7651_2019_260 -
Surgical Pathology Clinics Jun 2021Sebaceous neoplasia primarily includes sebaceous adenoma, sebaceoma, and sebaceous carcinoma (SC). Sebaceous adenoma, sebaceoma, and a subset of cutaneous SC are... (Review)
Review
Sebaceous neoplasia primarily includes sebaceous adenoma, sebaceoma, and sebaceous carcinoma (SC). Sebaceous adenoma, sebaceoma, and a subset of cutaneous SC are frequently associated with defective DNA mismatch repair resulting from mutations in MLH1, MSH2, or MSH6. These tumors can be sporadic or associated with Muir-Torre syndrome. SCs without defective DNA mismatch repair have ultraviolet signature mutation or paucimutational patterns. Ocular SCs have low mutation burdens and frequent mutations in ZNF750. Some ocular sebaceous carcinomas have TP53 and RB1 mutations similar to cutaneous SC, whereas others lack such mutations and are associated with human papilloma virus infection.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; DNA Mismatch Repair; Humans; Molecular Biology; Muir-Torre Syndrome; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Transcription Factors; Tumor Suppressor Proteins
PubMed: 34023105
DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2021.03.005 -
Mayo Clinic Proceedings Aug 2021
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Sebaceous Glands
PubMed: 34353478
DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.06.009 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Jan 2022Sebaceous carcinoma and sweat gland carcinoma (malignant tumors with apocrine and eccrine differentiation) are rare malignant skin adnexal tumors that differentiate...
Sebaceous carcinoma and sweat gland carcinoma (malignant tumors with apocrine and eccrine differentiation) are rare malignant skin adnexal tumors that differentiate toward sebaceous gland and eccrine and apocrine glands, respectively. Owing to the rarity of these carcinomas, standard treatments for advanced disease have not been established. Because the prognosis of patients with systemic metastasis is poor, a new treatment for these diseases is eagerly desired. Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) and sacituzumab govitecan, an antibody-drug conjugate of TROP2, have attracted attention in the treatment of various solid tumors. In the current study, we immunohistochemically investigated TROP2 expression in 14 sebaceous carcinoma and 18 sweat gland carcinoma samples and found strong and relatively homogeneous TROP2 staining in both cancer types. The mean Histoscore, a semi-quantitative scoring ranging from 0 (negative) to 300, was 265.5 in sebaceous carcinoma and 260.0 in sweat gland carcinoma. These observations directly suggest that both sebaceous carcinoma and sweat gland carcinoma could be potentially treated with TROP2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates such as sacituzumab govitecan.
PubMed: 35160059
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030607 -
European Journal of Dermatology : EJD Apr 2022Sebaceous carcinoma and sweat gland carcinoma (malignant tumours with apocrine and eccrine differentiation) are rare malignant adnexal tumours that differentiate toward...
BACKGROUND
Sebaceous carcinoma and sweat gland carcinoma (malignant tumours with apocrine and eccrine differentiation) are rare malignant adnexal tumours that differentiate toward sebaceous glands and eccrine and apocrine glands, respectively. Because of the rarity of these malignancies, standard treatments for advanced disease have yet to be established. The outcomes of patients with systemic metastasis remain poor, highlighting the need for novel treatment strategies. Nectin cell adhesion molecule 4 (NECTIN4) and its antibody-drug conjugate, enfortumab vedotin, have attracted attention as potential treatments for solid tumours.
OBJECTIVES
To examine the potential use of NECTIN4-target therapy for sebaceous and sweat gland carcinoma.
MATERIALS & METHODS
We immunohistochemically investigated NECTIN4 expression in 14 sebaceous carcinoma samples and 18 sweat gland carcinoma samples, and examined whether NECTIN4-targeted therapy could be applied to these cancers.
RESULTS
We found strong and frequent expression of NECTIN4 in both cancers. All tumours exhibited positive staining at least in a part of the lesion, and the mean H-score, a semiquantitative score ranging from 0 to 300, was 259.4 for sebaceous carcinoma and 253.1 for sweat gland carcinoma.
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that both sebaceous carcinoma and sweat gland carcinoma could be potentially treated with NECTIN4-targeted antibody-drug conjugates, such as enfortumab vedotin.
Topics: Apocrine Glands; Carcinoma, Skin Appendage; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Sweat Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 35866909
DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2022.4241