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Chemical Reviews Jul 2019Brillouin spectroscopy and imaging are emerging techniques in analytical science, biophotonics, and biomedicine. They are based on Brillouin light scattering from... (Review)
Review
Brillouin spectroscopy and imaging are emerging techniques in analytical science, biophotonics, and biomedicine. They are based on Brillouin light scattering from acoustic waves or in the GHz range, providing a nondestructive contactless probe of the mechanics on a microscale. Novel approaches and applications of these techniques to the field of biomedical sciences are discussed, highlighting the theoretical foundations and experimental methods that have been developed to date. Acknowledging that this is a fast moving field, a comprehensive account of the relevant literature is critically assessed here.
Topics: Animals; Cornea; Diagnostic Imaging; Fibroblasts; Humans; Interferometry; Lens, Crystalline; Mice; NIH 3T3 Cells; Phonons; Scattering, Radiation; Spectrum Analysis; Viscoelastic Substances
PubMed: 31042024
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00019 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2020Bacterial infection is a global burden that results in numerous hospital visits and deaths annually. The rise of multi-drug resistant bacteria has dramatically increased... (Review)
Review
Bacterial infection is a global burden that results in numerous hospital visits and deaths annually. The rise of multi-drug resistant bacteria has dramatically increased this burden. Therefore, there is a clinical need to detect and identify bacteria rapidly and accurately in their native state or a culture-free environment. Current diagnostic techniques lack speed and effectiveness in detecting bacteria that are culture-negative, as well as options for in vivo detection. The optical detection of bacteria offers the potential to overcome these obstacles by providing various platforms that can detect bacteria rapidly, with minimum sample preparation, and, in some cases, culture-free directly from patient fluids or even in vivo. These modalities include infrared, Raman, and fluorescence spectroscopy, along with optical coherence tomography, interference, polarization, and laser speckle. However, these techniques are not without their own set of limitations. This review summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of utilizing each of these optical tools for rapid bacteria detection and identification.
Topics: Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Biofilms; Culture Media; Humans; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Lasers; Microscopy, Interference; Optics and Photonics; Point-of-Care Testing; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Streptomyces; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Ultraviolet Rays; Vibration
PubMed: 33187331
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225256 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2023The review briefly describes various types of infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy methods. At the beginning of the review, the basic concepts of biological methods of... (Review)
Review
The review briefly describes various types of infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy methods. At the beginning of the review, the basic concepts of biological methods of environmental monitoring, namely bioanalytical and biomonitoring methods, are briefly considered. The main part of the review describes the basic principles and concepts of vibration spectroscopy and microspectrophotometry, in particular IR spectroscopy, mid- and near-IR spectroscopy, IR microspectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, resonance Raman spectroscopy, Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and Raman microscopy. Examples of the use of various methods of vibration spectroscopy for the study of biological samples, especially in the context of environmental monitoring, are given. Based on the described results, the authors conclude that the near-IR spectroscopy-based methods are the most convenient for environmental studies, and the relevance of the use of IR and Raman spectroscopy in environmental monitoring will increase with time.
Topics: Vibration; Biological Monitoring; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
PubMed: 37108111
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086947 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2020Vibrational spectroscopy (mid-infrared (IR) and Raman) and its fingerprinting capabilities offer rapid, high-throughput, and non-destructive analysis of a wide range of... (Review)
Review
Vibrational spectroscopy (mid-infrared (IR) and Raman) and its fingerprinting capabilities offer rapid, high-throughput, and non-destructive analysis of a wide range of sample types producing a characteristic chemical "fingerprint" with a unique signature profile. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and an array of mass spectrometry (MS) techniques provide selectivity and specificity for screening metabolites, but demand costly instrumentation, complex sample pretreatment, are labor-intensive, require well-trained technicians to operate the instrumentation, and are less amenable for implementation in clinics. The potential for vibration spectroscopy techniques to be brought to the bedside gives hope for huge cost savings and potential revolutionary advances in diagnostics in the clinic. We discuss the utilization of current vibrational spectroscopy methodologies on biologic samples as an avenue towards rapid cost saving diagnostics.
Topics: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Vibration
PubMed: 33076318
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204725 -
Analytical Chemistry Feb 2021
Review
Topics: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Nanostructures; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Surface Properties
PubMed: 33434434
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05208 -
International Ophthalmology Clinics 2020
Review
Topics: Diagnostic Imaging; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Retina; Retinal Diseases; Spectrum Analysis
PubMed: 31855898
DOI: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000293 -
Nature Protocols Jul 2020Vibrational spectroscopy techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, have been successful methods for studying the interaction of light... (Review)
Review
Vibrational spectroscopy techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, have been successful methods for studying the interaction of light with biological materials and facilitating novel cell biology analysis. Spectrochemical analysis is very attractive in disease screening and diagnosis, microbiological studies and forensic and environmental investigations because of its low cost, minimal sample preparation, non-destructive nature and substantially accurate results. However, there is now an urgent need for multivariate classification protocols allowing one to analyze biologically derived spectrochemical data to obtain accurate and reliable results. Multivariate classification comprises discriminant analysis and class-modeling techniques where multiple spectral variables are analyzed in conjunction to distinguish and assign unknown samples to pre-defined groups. The requirement for such protocols is demonstrated by the fact that applications of deep-learning algorithms of complex datasets are being increasingly recognized as critical for extracting important information and visualizing it in a readily interpretable form. Hereby, we have provided a tutorial for multivariate classification analysis of vibrational spectroscopy data (FTIR, Raman and near-IR) highlighting a series of critical steps, such as preprocessing, data selection, feature extraction, classification and model validation. This is an essential aspect toward the construction of a practical spectrochemical analysis model for biological analysis in real-world applications, where fast, accurate and reliable classification models are fundamental.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Multivariate Analysis; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Spectrum Analysis; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Statistics as Topic; Vibration
PubMed: 32555465
DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-0322-8 -
The Analyst Apr 2020Multiplexed detection of biomarkers, i.e., simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers in a single assay, is a process of great advantages including enhanced... (Review)
Review
Multiplexed detection of biomarkers, i.e., simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers in a single assay, is a process of great advantages including enhanced diagnostic precision, improved diagnostic efficiency, reduced diagnostic cost, and alleviated pain of patients. A typical lateral-flow immunoassay (LFIA) is a widely used paper-based immunochromatographic test strip designed to detect a target biomarker through two common formats: sandwich assay and competitive assay. In order to obtain qualitative or quantitative results, a probe with unique optical or magnetic properties is usually employed to characterize the concentration of the target biomarker. The typical LFIA is suitable for point-of-care testing due to its simplicity, portability, cost-effectiveness, and rapid detection of a target biomarker. However, detection of a single biomarker in the typical LFIA is not favorable for high throughput analysis. Therefore, multiplexed detection of biomarkers in LFIAs has been extensively studied in recent years for high throughput analysis. To accomplish multiplexed detection of biomarkers in LFIAs, the most frequently used structure is a test strip with multiple test lines (TLs), where each TL can detect a specific biomarker. An alternative structure, i.e., a multi-channel structure with multiple test strips, where each test strip has one TL for detecting a specific biomarker, is employed for multiplexed detection of biomarkers. Sometimes, a single test strip with only one TL containing different receptors, where each detection receptor corresponds to a specific biomarker, is another structure applied for multiplexed detection of biomarkers. This paper reviews three common structures for multiplexed detection of biomarkers in LFIAs, i.e., a test strip with multiple TLs, a multi-channel structure with multiple test strips, and a test strip with a single TL. Based on the three common structures, different signal detection strategies that include colorimetric detection, fluorescence detection, surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection, and magnetic detection, along with performance and perspectives are discussed.
Topics: Biomarkers; Colorimetry; Humans; Immunoassay; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spectrum Analysis, Raman
PubMed: 32219225
DOI: 10.1039/c9an02485a -
The Analyst Jan 2024The hyper-Raman scattering (HRS) spectra of biologically significant molecules (D-glucose, L-alanine, L-arabinose, L-tartaric acid) in aqueous solutions are reported....
The hyper-Raman scattering (HRS) spectra of biologically significant molecules (D-glucose, L-alanine, L-arabinose, L-tartaric acid) in aqueous solutions are reported. The HRS spectra were measured using a picosecond laser at 532 nm operating at a MHz repetition rate. High signal to noise spectra were collected with a commercial spectrometer and CCD without resonant, nanoparticle, or surface enhancement. The HRS peak frequencies, relative intensities, band assignments, and depolarization ratios are examined. By comparing HRS to Raman scattering (RS) and infrared absorption spectra we verify that the IR-active vibrational modes of the target molecules are observed in HRS spectra but come with substantially different peak intensities. The HRS of the biomolecules as well as water, dimethyl sulfoxide, methanol, and ethanol were deposited into a data repository to support the development of theoretical descriptions of HRS for these molecules. Depositing the spectra in a repository also supports future dual detection RS, HRS microscopes which permit simultaneous high-spatial-resolution vibrational spectroscopy of IR-active and Raman-active vibrational modes.
Topics: Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Water; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Ethanol; Vibration
PubMed: 38083974
DOI: 10.1039/d3an00641g -
The Analyst Aug 2019The constantly growing field of True One Cell (TOC) analysis has provided important information on the direct chemical composition of various cells and cellular... (Review)
Review
The constantly growing field of True One Cell (TOC) analysis has provided important information on the direct chemical composition of various cells and cellular components. Since the heterogeneity of individual cells has been established, more researchers are interested in the chemical differences between individual cells; TOC is the only form of analysis that can provide this information. This has resulted in the constant development of new technologies and methods. This review highlights the common techniques for micro- and nanomanipulation, Raman spectroscopy, microscopy, and mass spectrometric imaging as they pertain to TOC chemical analysis.
Topics: Animals; Cells; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Microscopy; Single-Cell Analysis; Spectrum Analysis, Raman
PubMed: 31199412
DOI: 10.1039/c9an00558g