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Psychiatry Research Dec 2021We aimed to do a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies describing suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide and associated risk factors during COVID-19... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
We aimed to do a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies describing suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide and associated risk factors during COVID-19 pandemic. We searched following electronic databases using relevant search terms: Medline, Embase, PsycInfo and CINAHL and systematically reviewed the evidence following PRISMA guidelines. The meta-analysis of prevalence of suicidal ideation was done using random effect model. The search returned 972 records, we examined 106 in full text and included 38 studies describing 120,076 participants. Nineteen studies described suicide or attempted self-harm, mostly in case reports. Out of 19 studies describing suicidal ideations, 12 provided appropriate data for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation in these studies was 12.1% (CI 9.3-15.2). Main risk factors for suicidal ideations were: low social support, high physical and mental exhaustion and poorer self-reported physical health in frontline medical workers, sleep disturbances, quarantine and exhaustion, loneliness, and mental health difficulties. We provide first meta-analytic estimate of suicidal ideation based on large sample from different countries and populations. The rate of suicidal ideations during COVID pandemic is higher than that reported in studies on general population prior to pandemic and may result in higher suicide rates in future.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 34670162
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114228 -
The British Journal of Psychiatry : the... Aug 2021Safety planning-type interventions (SPTIs) for patients at risk of suicide are often used in clinical practice, but it is unclear whether these interventions are... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Safety planning-type interventions (SPTIs) for patients at risk of suicide are often used in clinical practice, but it is unclear whether these interventions are effective.
AIMS
This article reports on a meta-analysis of studies that have evaluated the effectiveness of SPTIs in reducing suicidal behaviour and ideation.
METHOD
We searched Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Scopus from their inception to 9 December 2019, for studies that compared an SPTI with a control condition and had suicidal behaviour or ideation as outcomes. Two researchers independently extracted the data. To assess suicidal behaviour, we used a random-effects model of relative risk based on a pooled measure of suicidal behaviour. For suicidal ideation, we calculated effect sizes with Hedges' g. The study was registered at PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020129185).
RESULTS
Of 1816 unique abstracts screened, 6 studies with 3536 participants were eligible for analysis. The relative risk of suicidal behaviour among patients who received an SPTI compared with control was 0.570 (95% CI 0.408-0.795, P = 0.001; number needed to treat, 16). No significant effect was found for suicidal ideation.
CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, this is the first study to report a meta-analysis on SPTIs for suicide prevention. Results support the use of SPTIs to help preventing suicidal behaviour and the inclusion of SPTIs in clinical guidelines for suicide prevention. We found no evidence for an effect of SPTIs on suicidal ideation, and other interventions may be needed for this purpose.
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide Prevention
PubMed: 35048835
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2021.50 -
Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry Apr 2023To systematically review and meta-analyze the effectiveness of family therapy compared to other active treatments for adolescents with depressive disorders or suicidal... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review and meta-analyze the effectiveness of family therapy compared to other active treatments for adolescents with depressive disorders or suicidal ideation.
METHOD
We conducted a systematic search of The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, AMED, CINAHL and Web of Science and performed two meta-analyses of outcomes for depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation.
RESULTS
We screened 5,940 records and identified 10 randomized controlled studies of family therapy for depressive disorder or suicidal ideation in adolescents with an active treatment comparison group. Nine studies reported outcome measures of depressive symptoms and four reported outcome measures of suicidal ideation. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference between family therapy and active comparison treatments for end-of-treatment levels of depression. For suicidal ideation our meta-analysis showed a significant effect in favour of family therapy over comparison treatments for suicidal ideation.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the current body of research, we found that family therapy is not superior to other psychotherapies in the treatment of depressive disorder. However, family therapy leads to significantly improved outcomes for suicidal ideation, compared to other psychotherapies. The evidence for the treatment of depression is of low quality needs more research.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Family Therapy; Depression; Psychotherapy; Combined Modality Therapy
PubMed: 36053279
DOI: 10.1177/13591045221125005 -
Current Opinion in Psychology Feb 2023Understanding the factors that protect against suicidal ideation and behaviour may strengthen our ability to identify and support those at risk of death by suicide,... (Review)
Review
Understanding the factors that protect against suicidal ideation and behaviour may strengthen our ability to identify and support those at risk of death by suicide, above and beyond that which is possible by focusing solely on risk factors. A factor that may confer protection against the development of suicidal ideation and behaviour is hope, a future orientated construct that features within recent theories of suicide. Here, we provide an overview of the literature examining the role of hope in moderating and mediating the relationship between suicide risk factors and suicide ideation and behaviour. Evidence suggests that hope may be important in buffering against suicide ideation and behaviour across different population. Limitations and recommendation for future research are also discussed.
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Risk Factors
PubMed: 36446315
DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101491 -
Crisis Jul 2023The integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model of suicidal behavior posits that defeat leads to suicidal ideation through increased vulnerability for feelings of...
The integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model of suicidal behavior posits that defeat leads to suicidal ideation through increased vulnerability for feelings of entrapment. One potentially important vulnerability factor for the development of feelings of defeat is socially prescribed perfectionism. The current study investigated these relationships in a sample of 313 US adults. Mediation and parallel mediation analyses were conducted to determine the relationships between defeat, entrapment, social prescribed perfectionism, negative social comparison, and rejection sensitivity. Findings indicated that socially prescribed perfectionism was significantly related to defeat through both negative social comparison and rejection sensitivity even when controlling for depression symptoms. Negative social comparison and rejection sensitivity were related to entrapment through feelings of defeat. This relationship was strongest when analyzing externalized (vs. internalized) entrapment. The findings were limited by the cross-sectional study design as well as the relatively homogeneous sample. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Perfectionism; Emotions; Motivation
PubMed: 35138181
DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000850 -
Behaviour Research and Therapy Oct 2023Perceiving oneself as a burden to others (other-burdensomeness), as well as perceiving one's selfhood as a burden (self-burdensomeness), have been proposed as risk...
Perceiving oneself as a burden to others (other-burdensomeness), as well as perceiving one's selfhood as a burden (self-burdensomeness), have been proposed as risk factors for suicidal ideation. Yet, it is unclear whether the altruistic motive of being a burden to others or the self-oriented motive of being a burden on oneself is more relevant to suicidal ideation. Given this background, two rival mediation models were tested. Data from N = 228 outpatients (64% female; age: M(SD) = 38.69 (12.27), range:17-65) undergoing psychotherapy were collected at two measurement time points over a three-month period (first measurement = T1, second measurement = T2). The significant positive association between other-burdensomeness (T1) and suicidal ideation (T2) was partially mediated by self-burdensomeness (T1). Furthermore, the significant positive association between self-burdensomeness (T1) and suicidal ideation (T2) was partially mediated by other-burdensomeness (T1). Results suggest that suicidal ideation can develop from both an altruistic, self-sacrificial perception of being a burden to others, as well as from a more self-oriented perception of being a burden to oneself. There is no indication that either self-burdensomeness or other-burdensomeness is a stronger indicator in the development of suicidal ideation.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Suicidal Ideation; Interpersonal Relations; Risk Factors; Self Concept; Outpatients; Psychological Theory
PubMed: 37643552
DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2023.104388 -
Canadian Family Physician Medecin de... Oct 2019
Topics: Family Practice; Internship and Residency; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide
PubMed: 31604726
DOI: No ID Found -
Annals of Internal Medicine Feb 2023
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 36802897
DOI: 10.7326/M22-0317 -
Crisis Nov 2020Heterosexism has been identified as being a contributing factor of suicidality in sexual minority adults (SMA), and social support is believed to be important for...
Heterosexism has been identified as being a contributing factor of suicidality in sexual minority adults (SMA), and social support is believed to be important for mitigating these effects. Research evaluating racial/ethnic differences in suicidality among SMA is limited despite racial/ethnic minorities being at greater risk. We aimed to examine the associations between heterosexism, suicidal ideation, and social support in a sample of racially/ethnically diverse SMA. SMA ( = 239) were recruited as part of an online survey on sexuality and health based in the United States. There were significant positive main effects of heterosexism and significant negative main effects for non-White racial/ethnic identity on suicidal ideation. There were significant negative main effects for social support from family and a significant other but not from friends. A significant interaction of social support from a significant other and racial ethnic identity was qualified by a significant three-way interaction with heterosexism. Social support from a significant other buffered the effect of heterosexism on suicidal ideation among non-White but not among White SMA. All other interactions were not significant. Within-group differences of racial/ethnic groups and other domains of social support were not examined, and the cross-sectional nature of the data precludes causal inference. Support from a significant other may be important for suicidality, particularly for racial/ethnic minority SMA.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Ethnicity; Humans; Minority Groups; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Suicidal Ideation; United States
PubMed: 32141329
DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000657 -
Suicide & Life-threatening Behavior Feb 2022Defeat and entrapment have been highlighted in the development of suicidal ideation within the Integrated Motivational-Volitional model of suicidal behavior. Research...
BACKGROUND
Defeat and entrapment have been highlighted in the development of suicidal ideation within the Integrated Motivational-Volitional model of suicidal behavior. Research suggests that entrapment has to be differentiated into internal and external entrapment. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between defeat, internal, external entrapment, and suicidal ideation within and prospectively over measurements.
METHODS
A sample of 308 psychiatric inpatients (53% female) aged 18 to 81 years (M = 36.92, SD = 14.30) was assessed for the four constructs after admission to a psychiatric ward and six, nine, and twelve months later. Multilevel analyses were conducted to examine associations.
RESULTS
Defeat was associated with (a change in) internal and external entrapment. Defeat predicted a change in internal entrapment over time. Defeat and internal, but not external, entrapment were associated with (a change in) suicidal ideation. Internal entrapment was able to predict suicidal ideation. Internal entrapment and defeat predicted a change in suicidal ideation over time.
CONCLUSION
Results highlight the importance to distinguish between internal and external entrapment, and their specific association with suicidal ideation. Perceptions of internal entrapment are of central relevance when experiencing suicidal ideation and should be considered in clinical practice.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Motivation; Suicidal Ideation; Young Adult
PubMed: 34142739
DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12777