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LGBT Health 2022This meta-analytic study examined associations between minority stressors and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among LGBT adolescents and young adults (aged 12-25... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This meta-analytic study examined associations between minority stressors and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among LGBT adolescents and young adults (aged 12-25 years). Identified studies were screened using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies had to include an association between a minority stressor and a suicidality outcome and were categorized into 10 meta-analyses. Overall effect sizes were calculated using three-level meta-analyses. In addition, moderation by sampling strategy was examined. A total of 44 studies were included. Overall, LGBT bias-based victimization, general victimization, bullying, and negative family treatment were significantly associated with suicidal ideation and/or suicide attempts. Associations of discrimination and internalized homophobia and transphobia with suicidal ideation and/or suicide attempts were not significant. No moderation effects were found for sampling strategy. Although overall effect sizes were small, our meta-analytic study shows a clear link between various types of minority stressors and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among LGBT adolescents and young adults.
Topics: Adolescent; Bullying; Crime Victims; Humans; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted; Young Adult
PubMed: 35319281
DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2021.0106 -
American Journal of Community Psychology Jun 2023Suicide rates among African American adolescents have increased dramatically. Suicidal ideation is associated with both suicide attempts and completions, thus... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Suicide rates among African American adolescents have increased dramatically. Suicidal ideation is associated with both suicide attempts and completions, thus understanding ideation patterns and predictors in African American adolescents is critical to informing prevention efforts. This study recruited 160 African American ninth grade students. Participants were those students randomized to the control condition of a randomized controlled preventive intervention. Of the 160 participants, 99 completed all assessment points and were included in latent transition analyses. We assessed participants four times: baseline then again at 6-, 12-, and 18-month postbaseline. Constructs of interest for this study included suicidal ideation, depression, hopelessness, and community violence exposure. A 2-class model (i.e., low ideation [LI] and high ideation [HI]) characterized ideation at each time point. A total of 86%-90% of participants were in the LI class in any given time point and 27.3% of participants were in the HI class at least once. Participants in the LI class tended to stay in that class, whereas those in the HI class often transitioned to the LI group. Depression and hopelessness, but not exposure to community violence, predicted HI class membership. Findings suggest that (a) most African American adolescents may experience suicide ideation at some point in time, (b) a concerning proportion of African American adolescents may experience high ideation, (c) high ideation is often time-limited, and (d) depression and hopelessness predict high ideation.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Suicidal Ideation; Black or African American; Suicide, Attempted; Violence; Students
PubMed: 37042796
DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12663 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023It is uncertain whether burnout is associated with suicidal ideation among workers not in health care services. The aim of this study was to identify how burnout and...
INTRODUCTION
It is uncertain whether burnout is associated with suicidal ideation among workers not in health care services. The aim of this study was to identify how burnout and suicidal ideation are linked among employees in various occupations and whether depression affects this link.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study collected data from 12,083 participants aged 19-65 years from 25 companies and public institutions who underwent workplace mental health screening. Burnout and depression were assessed using both the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Suicidal ideation was assessed by a self-rated questionnaire from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
RESULTS
Exhaustion but not the cynicism dimension of burnout was associated with increased odds of suicidal ideation after adjustment for depression and other covariates (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.26-1.72). The association of exhaustion with suicidal ideation was significant in both depressed (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.14-1.61) and not depressed (OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.13-2.76) participants. In exhausted participants, insufficient job control, an unfavorable occupational climate, low educational level, and depression were associated with increased odds of suicidal ideation.
CONCLUSION
Exhaustion is linked with risk of suicidal ideation in employees not in health care service, regardless of depression status. Exhausted employees, particularly those having poor job resources, should be recognized as an at-risk group.
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Nutrition Surveys; Burnout, Psychological; Occupations
PubMed: 37744483
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1243920 -
Suicide & Life-threatening Behavior Aug 2022Muscle Dysmorphia (MD) is a severe subtype of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) that shares symptomatic overlap with eating disorders. Although associations between eating...
INTRODUCTION
Muscle Dysmorphia (MD) is a severe subtype of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) that shares symptomatic overlap with eating disorders. Although associations between eating disorders/BDD and suicidality are well documented, research has rarely examined associations between MD symptoms and suicidality, which is concerning given MD is associated with additional suicide risk factors compared with these disorders. Further, existing associations between MD symptoms and suicidality have yet to establish temporal ordering for these relationships. Therefore, the current study investigated longitudinal relationships between MD symptoms and suicidal ideation to establish the direction of the MD-suicidality relationship.
METHODS
Participants were 272 US men displaying sub-clinical MD symptoms who completed self-report measurement at three time points over 6 weeks. Longitudinal relationships between MD symptoms and suicidal ideation were examined using a three-wave autoregressive cross-lagged model.
RESULTS
Certain MD symptoms were longitudinally predicted by suicidal ideation. Specifically, suicidal ideation longitudinally predicted increased drive for size and appearance intolerance.
CONCLUSIONS
Results may suggest that individuals engage in MD symptoms potentially to cope with distressing thoughts of suicide. Clinicians should provide clients with comorbid MD and suicidality with appropriate coping tools to manage distress from suicidal thoughts outside of engaging in compulsive exercise characteristic of MD symptoms.
Topics: Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Male; Muscles; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide
PubMed: 35253940
DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12852 -
The American Journal of Psychiatry Sep 2023
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Suicidal Ideation; Sexual Behavior
PubMed: 37654116
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230536 -
Academic Psychiatry : the Journal of... Dec 2021Suicide is a leading cause of death for young adults, and medical students experience elevated rates of suicide and suicidal ideation. The present study uses mediation...
OBJECTIVE
Suicide is a leading cause of death for young adults, and medical students experience elevated rates of suicide and suicidal ideation. The present study uses mediation analysis to explore relationships between suicidal ideation and two dysfunctional mindsets common among medical students: maladaptive perfectionism, high standards accompanied by excessive self-criticism, and impostor phenomenon, pervasive feelings of inadequacy despite evidence of competence and success.
METHODS
Two hundred and twenty-six medical students at a single institution completed an online survey which assessed maladaptive perfectionism, impostor phenomenon, and suicidal ideation. After calculating measures of association between all study variables, linear regression was conducted to establish the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and suicidal ideation. To evaluate whether impostor phenomenon mediated the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and suicidal ideation as hypothesized, a series of regression models were constructed and the regression coefficients were examined. The statistical significance of the indirect effect, representing the mediated relationship, was tested using bootstrapping.
RESULTS
Significant positive associations between maladaptive perfectionism, impostor phenomenon, and suicidal ideation were observed. Impostor phenomenon score was found to mediate the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and suicidal ideation.
CONCLUSIONS
Medical students who exhibit maladaptive perfectionism are at increased risk for feelings of impostor phenomenon, which translates into increased risk for suicide. These results suggest that an intervention targeted at reducing feelings of impostor phenomenon among maladaptive perfectionists may be effective in reducing their higher risk for suicide. However, interventions promoting individual resilience are not sufficient; systemic change is needed to address medicine's "culture of perfection."
Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Humans; Perfectionism; Self Concept; Students, Medical; Suicidal Ideation; Young Adult
PubMed: 34350548
DOI: 10.1007/s40596-021-01503-1 -
Suicide & Life-threatening Behavior Jun 2021We studied the point prevalence of suicidal and violent ideation, as well as their co-occurrence and associated characteristics in inpatients with mental health...
OBJECTIVE
We studied the point prevalence of suicidal and violent ideation, as well as their co-occurrence and associated characteristics in inpatients with mental health disorders.
METHODS
Data on suicidal and violent ideation, and sociodemographic and clinical information, were gathered from 1,737 patients when admitted to the acute psychiatric ward.
RESULTS
The point prevalence was 51.9% for suicidal ideation and 19.8% for violent ideation. The point prevalence of co-occurring suicidal and violent ideation was 12.3%, which was significantly greater than expected by chance. Logistic regression analyses indicated that both suicidal and violent ideation were associated with young age and the absence of diagnoses of psychotic disorders; in addition, suicidal ideation was associated with female gender, violent ideation, and diagnoses of mood- neurotic and personality disorders, whereas violent ideation was associated with male gender, suicidal ideation, and diagnoses of mood and neurotic disorders.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, the findings highlight the need for further research on suicidal and violent ideation in people with mental health problems including, but not limited to, their association with adverse behavioral outcomes, as well as the need to routinely assess both suicidal and violent ideation in clinical practice.
Topics: Female; Humans; Inpatients; Male; Prevalence; Psychotic Disorders; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation; Thinking
PubMed: 33368501
DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12726 -
Early Intervention in Psychiatry Aug 2021Individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP) are at elevated risk for suicide. The current study explored the applicability of the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory...
Individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP) are at elevated risk for suicide. The current study explored the applicability of the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS) as a model for understanding suicide in FEP. Thirty-nine individuals with FEP completed measures of thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, acquired capability for suicide, and suicidal ideation. Results indicate that participants with recent suicidal ideation have greater levels of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness than those without recent suicidal ideation. In contrast, the interaction of IPTS variables did not predict the severity of suicidal ideation across the entire sample. These findings suggest that burdensomeness and belongingness differentiate between individuals with and without suicidal ideation, although these constructs might be less useful in predicting the severity of suicidal ideation among individuals with psychosis. Further research is needed to understand both transdiagnostic and unique risk factors that contribute to the high rates of suicide in this population.
Topics: Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Psychological Theory; Psychotic Disorders; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide
PubMed: 32852887
DOI: 10.1111/eip.13023 -
Archives of Suicide Research : Official... 2023Numerous studies have found support for the relationship between suicide and risky behavior. However, few studies have examined factors that may help explain the...
OBJECTIVE
Numerous studies have found support for the relationship between suicide and risky behavior. However, few studies have examined factors that may help explain the relationship between suicidal ideation (SI) and risky behavior. This preregistered study examined the relationship between SI and risky behavior and whether there is an indirect relationship through hopelessness, impulsivity, and low wish to live. These factors were selected due to their relationships with both SI and risky behavior.
METHODS
Participants recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk completed measures of SI, risky behavior, hopelessness, impulsivity, and wish to live. Consistent with our preregistered methods, we analyzed data from 180 participants with valid data. Indirect effects were evaluated via bootstrapping with 5000 resamples of the path x path product.
RESULTS
Consistent with prior work, we found a significant positive association between SI and frequency of risky behavior ( = .49). We found significant indirect effects of SI on risky behavior through impulsivity and wish to live but not through hopelessness.
CONCLUSION
SI and risky behavior are associated with each other through impulsivity and wish to live. Though future longitudinal research is needed to determine causality, this has important implications for models of suicidal thoughts and behaviors and their relationship with risky behavior. The potential of future orientation to explain the results is discussed.
Topics: Suicidal Ideation; Risk-Taking; Impulsive Behavior; Hope; Humans; Male; Female; Adult; Middle Aged; Bias; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 35924824
DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2022.2106921 -
AMIA ... Annual Symposium Proceedings.... 2022Suicide is a significant and rising threat to public health. In the United States, 47,500 people died from suicide in 2019, a 10-year increase of 30%. Many researchers...
Suicide is a significant and rising threat to public health. In the United States, 47,500 people died from suicide in 2019, a 10-year increase of 30%. Many researchers are interested in studying the risk factors associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt to help inform clinical screening, intervention, and prevention efforts. Many suicide risk factor analyses draw from clinical subdomains and quantify risk factors independently. While traditional modeling approaches might assume independence between risk factors, current suicide research suggests that the development of suicidal intent is a complex, multifactorial process. Thus, it may be beneficial to how suicide risk-factors interact with one another. In this study, we used network analysis to generate visual suicidality risk relationship diagrams. We extract medical concepts from free-text clinical notes and generate cooccurrence-based risk networks for suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. In addition, we generate a network of risk factors for suicidal ideation which evolves into a suicide attempt. Our networks were able to replicate existing risk factor findings and provide additional insight into the degree to which risk factors behave as independent morbidities or as interacting comorbidities with other risk factors. These results highlight potential avenues for risk factor analyses of complex outcomes using network analysis.
Topics: Humans; United States; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted; Risk Factors; Text Messaging
PubMed: 37128429
DOI: No ID Found